Week 1 Chazarah โ Berakhot 1:1 - 4:1
ืืืจื โ Chazarah Sheet
Week 1 Review: Berakhot (ืืจืืืช)
Days 1-5: Berakhot 1:1 through 4:1
๐ Quick Review โ One-Liners
Can you remember the details behind each point?
1:1ื:ืThe time for evening Shema begins when kohanim eat terumah โ three opinions on the end time.
1:2ื:ืThe time for morning Shema: from when you can distinguish blue from white, until the third hour.
1:3ื:ืBeit Shammai vs. Beit Hillel on posture for Shema โ reclining at night, standing by day vs. however you are.
1:4ื:ืTwo blessings before Shema and one after in the morning; two before and two after at night.
1:5ื:ืWe mention the Exodus at night โ proven from Ben Zoma's interpretation of 'all the days of your life.'
2:1ื:ืReading Shema: if your heart was focused during the first verse, you have fulfilled the obligation.
2:2ื:ืAt paragraph breaks you may greet someone out of respect; in the middle, only out of fear.
2:3ื:ืWorkers recite Shema atop a tree or wall but must descend for the Amidah.
2:4ื:ืWorkers may recite Shema while working โ they're not required to descend.
2:5ื:ืA groom is exempt from Shema on his wedding night โ Rabban Gamliel read it anyway.
2:6ื:ืRabban Gamliel bathed during mourning because he was an 'istenis' (delicate person).
2:7ื:ืRabban Gamliel accepted condolences for his slave Tavi because 'he was kasher (worthy).'
2:8ื:ืNot everyone who wants to 'take the Name' (appear pious) may do so.
3:1ื:ืAn onen (before burial) is exempt from Shema, Amidah, and tefillin.
3:2ื:ืAfter burial: inner row of consolers is exempt from Shema; outer row is obligated.
3:3ื:ืWomen, slaves, and minors are exempt from Shema and tefillin but obligated in prayer and mezuzah.
3:4ื:ืA ba'al keri may contemplate Shema in his heart but not verbalize it (Ezra's decree).
3:5ื:ืIf mid-Amidah you remember impurity โ don't stop, just shorten. Distance 4 amot from filth.
3:6ื:ืA zav who has a seminal emission still needs to immerse โ dispute with Rabbi Yehuda.
4:1ื:ืPrayer times: Shacharit until midday (or 4th hour); Mincha until evening (or plag); Maariv all night.
โ๏ธ Machloket Review
Do you remember who holds what?
End time for evening Shema(1:1)
| R' Eliezer | Chachamim | Rabban Gamliel |
|---|---|---|
| End of first watch | Midnight | Dawn |
Posture for reciting Shema(1:3)
| Beit Shammai | Beit Hillel |
|---|---|
| Recline at night, stand in morning | Recite however you happen to be |
Mentioning Exodus at night(1:5)
| Ben Zoma | Chachamim |
|---|---|
| Required โ 'all the days of your life' includes nights | 'All' includes the messianic era |
Groom reciting Shema(2:8)
| Tanna Kamma | R' Shimon b. Gamliel |
|---|---|
| If he wants to, he may recite | Not everyone may assume piety โ he should not |
Ba'al keri and blessings(3:4)
| Tanna Kamma | R' Yehuda |
|---|---|
| Contemplate Shema; bless after food only | May recite all blessings normally |
Latest time for Shacharit(4:1)
| Chachamim | R' Yehuda |
|---|---|
| Until midday (chatzot) | Until the fourth hour |
Latest time for Mincha(4:1)
| Chachamim | R' Yehuda |
|---|---|
| Until evening (nightfall) | Until plag hamincha |
๐ Key Terms
Cover the meanings and test yourself on each term.
ืงืจืืืช ืฉืืข(Keriat Shema)
ืชืจืืื(Terumah)
ืืฉืืืจื(Ashmurah)
ืืฆืืช(Chatzot)
ืื ืฅ ืืืื(Hanetz HaChama)
ืขืืกืง ืืืฆืื(Osek B'Mitzvah)
ืืื ื(Onen)
ืืขื ืงืจื(Ba'al Keri)
ืืืจืืจ ืืืื(Meharher B'Libo)
ืชืงื ืช ืขืืจื(Takanat Ezra)
ืืกืื ืืก(Istenis)
ืืฉืจ(Kasher)
ืืืืจื(Yohara)
ืชืคืืื(Tefillah)
ืคืื ืืื ืื(Plag HaMincha)
ืืจืืข ืืืืช(Arba Amot)
๐ง Test Your Knowledge
Try to answer each question before revealing the answer.
1.What event marks the beginning of the time for evening Shema?(1:1)
2.According to Beit Hillel, what is the proper posture for reciting Shema?(1:3)
3.How many blessings surround Shema in the morning vs. evening?(1:4)
4.Why is a groom exempt from Shema on his wedding night?(2:5)
5.Why did Rabban Gamliel accept condolences for his slave Tavi?(2:7)
6.What does 'not everyone who wants to take the Name may take it' mean?(2:8)
7.Who is an 'onen' and what mitzvot are they exempt from?(3:1)
8.Women are exempt from Shema but obligated in what three things mentioned in 3:3?(3:3)
9.What was Ezra's decree regarding ba'al keri, and is it still practiced?(3:4)
10.According to Rabbi Yehuda, what is the latest time for Shacharit and Mincha?(4:1)
Navigation
โ Back to Berakhot
Daily Pages for This Week
- Day 1: Berakhot 1:1-4
- Day 2: Berakhot 1:5-2:3
- Day 3: Berakhot 2:4-7
- Day 4: Berakhot 2:8-3:3
- Day 5: Berakhot 3:4-4:1
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