Skip to Content
Nach YomiIsaiah ยท ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื•Chapter 7

Isaiah 7

ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืคืจืง ื–ืณ

Section: ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ยท ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื | Book: Isaiah | Chapter: 7 of 66 | Day: 154 of 742

Date: July 15, 2026

ืงืœืื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื ืดืš

Chapter 7 moves the book from vision to history. Retzin king of Aram and Pekach ben Remalyahu king of Israel march on Jerusalem to depose the house of David and install a puppet, โ€˜the son of Tavโ€™alโ€™ โ€” and the chapter announces its ending in its first verse: โ€˜he could not war against it.โ€™ Rashi and Radak both bring the midrash from Bereishit Rabbah on why the verse pauses to trace the wicked Achazโ€™s lineage: the ministering angels protested that such a man had become king, and God answered, โ€˜He is the son of Yotam, the son of Uzziyahu โ€” his fathers were righteous, and I cannot put out a hand against him.โ€™ The crisis of the chapter is therefore never military; it is a crisis of faith. When word comes that Aram has encamped with Ephraim, the hearts of the king and his people shake โ€˜as the trees of the forest shake before the windโ€™ โ€” Radak notes the precision of the image, each swaying tree striking its neighbor, panic amplifying panic โ€” and God sends Yeshayahu to the conduit of the upper pool with his son Shear Yashuv, whose very name (โ€˜a remnant will returnโ€™) is a walking prophecy. The message is almost dismissive of the great invasion: do not fear โ€˜these two smoking stubs of firebrands.โ€™ Radak unpacks the figure with a homely exactness โ€” a spent poker, too short even to stir the fire, thrown aside where it can only smoke and sting the eyes of the household until it goes out. Rezin and Pekach are already burnt out; their rage is smoke, not flame. โ€˜It shall not stand, and it shall not be.โ€™

The oracle then fixes a horizon: within sixty-five years Ephraim will be shattered from being a people. Rashi and Radak, following the Seder Olam, show that the count runs not from this prophecy but from the prophecy of Amos, delivered two years before the earthquake โ€” through the twenty-five years of Uzziyahuโ€™s leprosy, the sixteen of Yotam, the sixteen of Achaz, and the six of Chizkiyahu, to the fall of Shomron. The arithmetic matters less than the theology it carries: the destinies of nations are on a divine calendar that the panicking court cannot read. And the condition of reading it is stated in the chapterโ€™s epigram, sharpened by a pun: im lo taโ€™aminu ki lo teโ€™amenu โ€” โ€˜if you will not believe, you will not be established.โ€™ Radak explains: if you cannot credit these words, it is because you are not firm in the faith of God. Emunah and stability are the same root and, the prophet insists, the same fact.

At the center of the chapter stands the sign. God, knowing Achazโ€™s unbelief โ€” Radak observes that the king had already sent tribute to Assyria rather than trust the promise โ€” makes an offer unique in prophetic literature: ask any sign, โ€˜deep down to Sheol or high above,โ€™ even, in Rashiโ€™s reading, the resurrection of a dead man from the depths. Achaz declines in the language of piety: โ€˜I will not ask, and I will not test God.โ€™ The commentators strip the mask from the verse โ€” Rashi: he did not want Godโ€™s name sanctified through him; Radak: the refusal itself flowed from lack of faith dressed as reverence. To this comes the retort, โ€˜Is it not enough for you to weary men, that you weary my God as well?โ€™ and then the sign given unasked: โ€˜Behold, the almah is with child and will bear a son, and she will call his name Immanu Elโ€™ โ€” God is with us. The classical commentators anchor the sign firmly in Achazโ€™s own moment. Rashi identifies the young woman as the prophetโ€™s own wife, the โ€˜neviahโ€™ of the next chapter, the sign being the divine spirit that would rest on her to name the child; Radak argues she was the wife of Achaz, since the next chapterโ€™s โ€˜your land, O Immanu Elโ€™ bespeaks a royal child. Both note the chronological impossibility of identifying the child with Chizkiyahu, who was born nine years before his father took the throne, and Radak refers readers to the Sefer HaBrit of his father, Rabbi Yosef Kimchi, for the fuller argument: the sign was given to steady a terrified king, and a wonder occurring centuries after his death could have been no sign for him at all. The proof works on a childโ€™s clock: before the boy knows to reject bad and choose good, the land whose two kings terrify Judah will be abandoned โ€” fulfilled, as Rashi documents, in Achazโ€™s own fourth year, when Assyria took Damascus and slew Retzin, and Hoshea ben Elah struck down Pekach.

But the chapter refuses to let deliverance become comfort, because Achazโ€™s chosen savior is the coming scourge. โ€˜God will bring upon you and upon your people and upon your fatherโ€™s house days that have not come since Ephraim turned from Judah โ€” the king of Assyria.โ€™ The commentators note the delicacy of โ€˜your fatherโ€™s houseโ€™ where โ€˜your sonโ€™ belonged: Sancherivโ€™s invasion would fall upon Chizkiyahu, and Scripture would not call the righteous king the son of the wicked one. God whistles for the fly of Egyptโ€™s canals and the bee of Assyria โ€” Radak: creatures that swarm in an instant and come swiftly โ€” and then turns Achazโ€™s own diplomacy into the chapterโ€™s most cutting image: the razor hired from beyond the River. The king who hired Assyria will be shaved by it โ€” head, leg-hair, and beard. Radak reads the shaving as the plague that consumed the Assyrian camp before Jerusalem, the โ€˜beardโ€™ being the king himself, marked off with โ€˜and alsoโ€™ because Sancheriv did not die in the camp but in his own land, by his sonsโ€™ swords; Rashi cites the aggadah of Chelek that takes the singeing of the beard literally. The chapter closes in the strange doubled landscape of the aftermath: vineyards worth a thousand silver gone to brier and thistle, a man entering the thickets only with bow and arrows โ€” and yet a heifer and two sheep sufficing a household, curds and honey for all who remain. Rashi, citing Sanhedrin 94b, gives the deserted vineyards their aggadic meaning: in Chizkiyahuโ€™s generation they searched from Dan to Beer Sheva and found neither man nor woman ignorant of the laws of purity โ€” the vines went untended because a chastened people had turned from wine to Torah. The chapter that begins with a king who cannot believe ends with a generation that finally does.

ืคืจืง ื–ืณ ยท Chapter 7

ืคืกื•ืง ืืณ ยท Verse 1

Hebrew:

ื•ึทื™ึฐื”ึดึกื™ ื‘ึผึดื™ืžึตึฃื™ ืึธึ ื—ึธึ ื– ื‘ึผึถืŸึพื™ื•ึนืชึธึจื ื‘ึผึถืŸึพืขึปื–ึผึดื™ึผึธึœื”ื•ึผ ืžึถึฃืœึถืšึฐ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธึ—ื” ืขึธืœึธึฃื” ืจึฐืฆึดึฃื™ืŸ ืžึถึฝืœึถืšึฐึพืึฒึ ืจึธึ ื ื•ึผืคึถึจืงึทื— ื‘ึผึถืŸึพืจึฐืžึทืœึฐื™ึธึคื”ื•ึผ ืžึถึฝืœึถืšึฐึพื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตืœึ™ ื™ึฐืจึฃื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึ”อึดื ืœึทืžึผึดืœึฐื—ึธืžึธึ–ื” ืขึธืœึถึ‘ื™ื”ึธ ื•ึฐืœึนึฅื ื™ึธื›ึนึ–ืœ ืœึฐื”ึดืœึผึธื—ึตึฅื ืขึธืœึถึฝื™ื”ึธืƒ

English:

In the reign of Ahaz son of Jotham son of Uzziah, king of Judah, King Rezin of Aram and King Pekah son of Remaliah of Israel marched upon Jerusalem to attack it; but they were not able to attack it.

The Syro-Ephraimite crisis opens: Retzin of Aram and Pekach ben Remalyahu march on Jerusalem โ€” and fail. Rashi and Radak cite the midrash on why the verse traces the wicked Achaz's lineage: the ministering angels protested his kingship, and God answered that he is 'the son of Yotam, the son of Uzziyahu' โ€” the merit of his righteous fathers stood for him, which is why 'he could not war against it.'
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืื—ื–. ืžื” ืจืื” ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื™ื™ื—ืกื• ืืœื ืžืคื ื™ ืฉืกื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื•ืžืจ ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืœื—ื ืขืœื™ื” ื•ืœืžื“ืš ืฉื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืช ืขืžื“ื” ืœื• ืืžืจื• ืžืœืื›ื™ ื”ืฉืจืช ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื•ื•ื™ (ืก"ื) ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื–ื” ืฉืžืœืš ืจืฉืข ื–ื” ืืžืจ ืœื”ื ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืชื ื”ื•ื ื‘ืŸ ืขื•ื–ื™ื”ื• ื”ื•ื ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื• ื”ื™ื• ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ืœืคื™ื›ืš ืื™ ืืคืฉื™ ืœืคืฉื•ื˜ ื™ื“ื™ ื‘ื• ื”ื“ื ื”ื•ื ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื•ืœ ืœื”ืœื—ื ืขืœื™ื” ืžืคื ื™ ื–ื›ื•ืช ืื‘ื•ืชื™ื• (ื‘ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื”):
And it came to pass in the days of Ahaz What did Scripture see to trace his lineage? But, since the end of the verse states: "And he could not wage war against it," it teaches you that the merit of his forebears stood him in good stead. The ministering angels said before the Holy One, blessed be He, Woe! Who is this wicked man who has become king? He replied to them, He is the son of Jotham; he is the son of Uzziah. His forebears were righteous. I, therefore, do not wish to harm him. This is the meaning of the words, "and he could not wage war against it," because of the merit of his forefathers. [This is found in Gen. Rabbah 63:1.]

ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืณ ยท Verse 2

Hebrew:

ื•ึทื™ึผึปื’ึผึทึ—ื“ ืœึฐื‘ึตึคื™ืช ื“ึผึธื•ึดื“ึ™ ืœึตืืžึนึ”ืจ ื ึธึฅื—ึธื” ืึฒืจึธึ–ื ืขึทืœึพืึถืคึฐืจึธึ‘ื™ึดื ื•ึทื™ึผึธึคื ึทืข ืœึฐื‘ึธื‘ื•ึนึ™ ื•ึผืœึฐื‘ึทึฃื‘ ืขึทืžึผึ”ื•ึน ื›ึผึฐื ึฅื•ึนืขึท ืขึฒืฆึตื™ึพื™ึทึ–ืขึทืจ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ึพืจึฝื•ึผื—ึทืƒย {ืก}ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 

English:

Now, when it was reported to the House of David that Aram had allied itself with Ephraim, their hearts and the hearts of their people trembled as trees of the forest sway before a wind.

Word reaches 'the house of David' โ€” Rashi and Metzudat David note that the wicked king is deliberately not named โ€” that Aram has encamped with Ephraim, and the hearts of king and people shake like forest trees in the wind. Rashi explains the terror: each enemy alone had already defeated Achaz, as Divrei HaYamim records; Radak adds that in a forest each swaying tree strikes its neighbor โ€” panic amplifying panic.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื™ื’ื“ ืœื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“. ืœืคื™ ืฉืจืฉืข ื”ื™ื”, ืœื ื”ื–ื›ื™ืจ ืฉืžื•: ื ื—ื” ืืจื ืขืœ ืืคืจื™ื. ื ืชื—ื‘ืจ ืžืœืš ืืจื ืขืœ ืžืœืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืœื‘ื ืขืœื™ืš ื ื—ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ืงื‘ื” ืขืœ ืฉื”ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื ื—ื” ืคื•ืฉื™"ืจ ื‘ืœืขื– ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื•ื™ื ื— ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื (ืฉืžื•ืช ื•): ื•ื™ื ืข ืœื‘ื‘ื•. ืœืคื™ ืฉื›ื‘ืจ ื ืœื—ื ื‘ื• ื›ืœ ืื—ื“ ืžื”ื ื‘ืคื ื™ ืขืฆืžื• ื•ื™ื›ืœื• ืœื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ื•ื™ืชื ื”ื• ื”' ื‘ื™ื“ ืžืœืš ืืจื ื•ื’ื•' (ื“"ื” ื‘ ื›ื—) ืื•ืžืจ ื•ื™ื”ืจื’ ืคืงื— ื‘ืŸ ืจืžืœื™ื” ืง"ื› ืืœืฃ ืื™ืฉ ืฉื ื™ื”ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื (ืฉื): ื›ื ื•ืข ืขืฆื™ ื™ืขืจ. ืงื•ืœ ืื™ืœื ื™ ืกืจืง ื™ืฉืžืข ื™ื•ืชืจ ืžื›ืœ ืื™ืœื ื™ ืคื™ืจื™ ื›ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ืจื‘ื”:
And it was told to the House of David Since he was wicked, Scripture did not mention his name. Aram has allied itself with Ephraim lit. has rested upon Ephraim. The king of Aram has joined the king of Israel to attack you. ื ึธื—ึธื” is the feminine gender, since the kingdom (ืžึทืœึฐื›ื•ึผืช) joined. Posad in O. F., lay, comp. (Exodus 10:14) "And it rested (ื•ึทื™ึผึธึทื ึทื—) in all the boundary of Egypt." and his heart... trembled Since each one individually had already waged war with him and defeated him, as it is said (II Chron. 28:5): "And the Lord his God delivered into the hand of the king of Aram...," and it states further (v. 6): "And Pekah son of Remaliah slew 120,000 men." Both verses are in Chronicles. as the trees of the forest tremble The sound of trees that do not produce fruit is heard more than that of all fruit trees [var. the sound of fruit trees], as is [found] in Gen. Rabbah (16:3).

ืคืกื•ืง ื’ืณ ยท Verse 3

Hebrew:

ื•ึทื™ึผึนึฃืืž๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืจ ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื”ึฎ ืึถึฝืœึพื™ึฐืฉืึทึฝืขึฐื™ึธึ’ื”ื•ึผึ’ ืฆึตืึพื ึธืึ™ ืœึดืงึฐืจึทึฃืืช ืึธื—ึธึ”ื– ืึทืชึผึธึ•ื” ื•ึผืฉืึฐืึธึ–ืจ ื™ึธืฉืึฃื•ึผื‘ ื‘ึผึฐื ึถึ‘ืšึธ ืึถืœึพืงึฐืฆึตึ—ื” ืชึผึฐืขึธืœึทืชึ™ ื”ึทื‘ึผึฐืจึตื›ึธึฃื” ื”ึธืขึถืœึฐื™ื•ึนื ึธึ”ื” ืึถืœึพืžึฐืกึดืœึผึทึ–ืช ืฉื‚ึฐื“ึตึฅื” ื›ื•ึนื‘ึตึฝืกืƒ

English:

But GOD said to Isaiah, โ€œGo out with your son Shear-jashubaShear-jashub Meaning โ€œ[only] a remnant will turn back,โ€ i.e., repent; cf. 6.13; 10.21. to meet Ahaz at the end of the conduit of the Upper Pool, by the road of the Fullerโ€™s Field.

God sends Yeshayahu to meet Achaz at the conduit of the upper pool, taking his son Shear Yashuv, whose name is itself a prophecy โ€” 'a remnant will return.' Radak explains that both of the prophet's sons bore sign-names: Shear Yashuv, the pledge that Judah's remnant would return from exile, and Maher Shalal Chash Baz, the warning that the ten tribes would be exiled first.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ืฉืืจ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ื ืš. ืฉืืจื™ืช ืžืขื˜ ืฉื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืืœื™ ืขืœ ื™ื“ืš ื•ื”ื ื›ื‘ื ืš: ืืœ ืงืฆื” ืชืขืœืช. ืฉื ืชืžืฆืื”ื• ืชืขืœืช ืคื•ืฉื™"ืจ ื‘ืœืข"ื–: ื‘ืจื›ื”. ื›ืขื™ืŸ ืžืงื•ื” ืžื™ื ืฉืขื•ืฉื™ื ืœื“ื’ื™ื: ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”. ื‘ืžื•ืจื“ ื”ื”ืจ ื•ื™ืฉ ื‘ืจื›ื” ืื—ืจืช ืœืžื˜ื” ื”ื™ืžื ื” ื‘ืชื—ืชื™ืชื•: ืฉื“ื” ื›ื•ื‘ืก. ืฉื“ื” ืฉื”ื›ื•ื‘ืกื™ื ืฉื•ื˜ื—ื™ื ืฉื ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื ืœื ื’ื‘ื ื›ืš ืชื™ืจื’ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื“ืจืฉื• ื ื›ื ืข ืื—ื– ืœืคื ื™ ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ื•ืฉื ืขืœ ืจืืฉื• ืื•ื›ืœื ื“ืงืฆืจื™ ื›ืคื” ืขืœื™ื• ื›ืœื™ ืคื™' ื›ืœื™ ืžื ื•ืงื‘ ืฉืœ ื›ื•ื‘ืกื™ื ืฉืžื–ืœืคื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืžื™ื ืขืœ ื”ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื:
and Shear yashuv your son The small remnant that will return to Me through you, and they are like your sons. to the edge of the conduit There you will find him. ืชึผึฐืขึธืœึทืช is fosed [a ditch] in O.F. the upper pool A type of gathering of water that is made for fish. upper On the incline of the mountain, and there is one below it at its base. the washer's field A field in which the washers spread out laundry to dry. So did Jonathan render this. Our Rabbis expounded that Ahaz humbled himself before Isaiah and placed on his head a washer's utensil, i.e., he inverted a vessel on his head [i.e., a perforated vessel used by the washers, with which they sprinkle water on the clothing].

ืคืกื•ืง ื“ืณ ยท Verse 4

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐืึธืžึทืจึฐืชึผึธึฃ ืึตึ ืœึธึ ื™ื• ื”ึดืฉืึผึธืžึตึจืจ ื•ึฐื”ึทืฉืึฐืงึตึœื˜ ืึทืœึพืชึผึดื™ืจึธึ—ื ื•ึผืœึฐื‘ึธึฝื‘ึฐืšึธึ™ ืึทืœึพื™ึตืจึทึ”ืšึฐ ืžึดืฉืึผึฐื ึตึจื™ ื–ึทื ึฐื‘ึงื•ึนืช ื”ึธืื•ึผื“ึดึ›ื™ื ื”ึธืขึฒืฉืึตื ึดึ–ื™ื ื”ึธืึตึ‘ืœึผึถื” ื‘ึผื‡ื—ึณืจึดื™ึพืึทึ›ืฃ ืจึฐืฆึดึฅื™ืŸ ื•ึทืึฒืจึธึ–ื ื•ึผื‘ึถืŸึพืจึฐืžึทืœึฐื™ึธึฝื”ื•ึผืƒ

English:

And say to him: Be firm and be calm. Do not be afraid and do not lose heart on account of those two smoking stubs of firebrands, on account of the raging of Rezin and his Arameans and the son of Remaliah.bthe son of Remaliah To refer to a person only as โ€œthe son ofโ€”โ€ is slighting; cf. note at 1 Sam. 10.11.

The message: be calm and do not fear 'these two smoking stubs of firebrands.' Radak unpacks the image โ€” a spent poker too short to stir the fire, thrown aside where it can only smoke and sting until it goes out; the two kings' rage is smoke without power to burn. Rashi reads 'hishamer v'hashket' as: sit tranquil, like wine settling on its lees.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื”ืฉืžืจ. ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฉืœื•ื ื›ื™ื™ืŸ ืขืœ ืฉืžืจื™ื•: ื–ื ื‘ื•ืช ื”ืื•ื“ื™ื ื”ืขืฉื ื™ื. ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ืš ื›ื–ื ื‘ื•ืช ืื•ื“ื™ื ืฉื›ื‘ืชื” ืฉืœื”ื‘ืช ืฉืœื”ื ืื•ื“ื™ื ื˜ื™ืฆื•ื "ืฉ ื‘ืœืขื–:
Feel secure Heb. ื”ึดืฉึผืึธืžึตืจ. Sit tranquilly like wine on its lees (ืฉืึฐืžึธืจึธื™ื•). smoking stubs of firebrands Consider them as stubs of firebrands whose flame has been extinguished. ืื•ึผื“ึดื™ื is tisons [embers] in French.

ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืณ ยท Verse 5

Hebrew:

ื™ึทึ—ืขึทืŸ ื›ึผึดึฝื™ึพื™ึธืขึทึฅืฅ ืขึธืœึถึ›ื™ืšึธ ืึฒืจึธึ–ื ืจึธืขึธึ‘ื” ืึถืคึฐืจึทึฅื™ึดื ื•ึผื‘ึถืŸึพืจึฐืžึทืœึฐื™ึธึ–ื”ื•ึผ ืœึตืืžึนึฝืจืƒ

English:

Because the Arameansโ€”with Ephraim and the son of Remaliahโ€”have plotted against you, saying,

The verse names the conspiracy: Aram has plotted evil against you, with Ephraim and the son of Remalyahu. Metzudat David hears the indictment in the word 'plotted' โ€” they scheme as though victory hangs on the cleverness of their counsel rather than on God; Radak notes that here Scripture names Aram the nation without its king.

ืคืกื•ืง ื•ืณ ยท Verse 6

Hebrew:

ื ึทืขึฒืœึถึคื” ื‘ึดึฝื™ื”ื•ึผื“ึธื”ึ™ ื•ึผื ึฐืงึดื™ืฆึถึ”ื ึผึธื” ื•ึฐื ึทื‘ึฐืงึดืขึถึ–ื ึผึธื” ืึตืœึตึ‘ื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื ึทืžึฐืœึดึฅื™ืšึฐ ืžึถึ™ืœึถืšึฐึ™ ื‘ึผึฐืชื•ึนื›ึธึ”ื”ึผ ืึตึ–ืช ื‘ึผึถืŸึพื˜ึธึฝื‘ึฐืึทึฝืœืƒย {ืค}

English:

โ€˜We will march against Judah and invade and conquer it, and we will set up as king in it the son of Tabeel,โ€™cthe son of Tabeel Cf. note at v. 4.

The plan: besiege Judah until it capitulates, breach it, and crown a puppet โ€” 'the son of Tav'al.' Yonatan, cited by Rashi and Radak, reads the name as shorthand for 'the one good for us'; Rashi adds the al-bam letter-cipher by which Tav'al spells Ramla, tying the puppet to ben Remalyahu; Metzudat David and Radak identify him as a man of Ephraim.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื ืงื™ืฆื ื”. ื ืขื•ืจืจื” ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื”: ื•ื ื‘ืงื™ืขื ื” ืืœื™ื ื•. ื ืฉื•ื” ืื•ืชื” ืขืžื™ื• ื›ื‘ืงืขื” ื–ื• ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื•ื” ื•ื›ืŸ ืช"ื™ ื•ื ืฉื•ื™ื ื•ืŸ ืขืžื ื, ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ื™ืŸ ืขื ืขืฉืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืžืœืš ืื—ื“: ืืช ื‘ืŸ ื˜ื‘ืืœ. ื‘ืŸ ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืœื™ื ื• ื›ืŸ ืช"ื™ ื•ื™ืฉ ืœืคืจืฉ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืืœ ืืฉืจ ืœื ื˜ื•ื‘ ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ ื”ืžืงื•ื ื•ื‘ื’ื™ืžื˜' ืฉืœ ืื•ืชื•ืช ืืœื‘"ื ื˜ื‘ืืœ ื”ื•ื ืจืžืœื ื˜"ืจ ื‘"ื ื"ืœ ื‘ืŸ ื˜ื‘ืืœ ื‘ืŸ ืจืžืœื:
and provoke it Let us provoke them to war. and annex it to us Heb. ื•ึฐื ึทื‘ึฐืงึดื™ืขึถื ึผึธื”. Let us even it out with us like a valley (ื‘ึผึดืงึฐืขึธื”) that is even. And so does Jonathan render: And let us even them with us, that they should be even with the ten tribes under one king. one who is good for us Heb. ื‘ึผึถืŸ ื˜ึธื‘ึฐืึทืœ [a combination of the words: ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืึถืœ,] good for us; so did Jonathan render it. It is also possible to interpret it as: ื˜ื•ึนื‘ ืึทืœ, not good in the eyes of the Omnipresent, and according to the calculation of the letters of 'al-bam,' Tov'al is Ramla. 'Teth' equals 'resh'; 'beth' equals 'mem'; 'aleph' equals 'lammed.' Hence, "ben tov'al" equals 'ben Ramla.'

ืคืกื•ืง ื–ืณ ยท Verse 7

Hebrew:

ื›ึผึนึฅื” ืึธืžึทึ–ืจ ืึฒื“ึนื ึธึฃื™ ื™ึฑื”ึนื•ึดึ‘ื” ืœึนึฅื ืชึธืงึ–ื•ึผื ื•ึฐืœึนึฅื ืชึดึฝื”ึฐื™ึถึฝื”ืƒ

English:

thus said my Sovereign GOD:It shall not succeed,It shall not come to pass.

God's entire verdict on the coalition, in four Hebrew words: 'It shall not stand, and it shall not be' (lo takum v'lo tihyeh). Rashi specifies exactly what is annulled โ€” their design that Judah be subjugated beneath them.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืœื ืชืงื•ื. ืขืฆืชื ื–ืืช ืฉืชื”ื ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื›ื‘ื•ืฉื” ืชื—ืชื™ื”ื:
Neither shall it succeed This plan of theirs, that Judah should be subordinated under them.

ืคืกื•ืง ื—ืณ ยท Verse 8

Hebrew:

ื›ึผึดึฃื™ ืจึนึคืืฉื ืึฒืจึธืึ™ ื“ึผึทืžึผึถึ”ืฉื‚ึถืง ื•ึฐืจึนึฅืืฉื ื“ึผึทืžึผึถึ–ืฉื‚ึถืง ืจึฐืฆึดึ‘ื™ืŸ ื•ึผ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึฐืขึ—ื•ึนื“ ืฉืึดืฉืึผึดึคื™ื ื•ึฐื—ึธืžึตืฉืึ™ ืฉืึธื ึธึ”ื” ื™ึตื—ึทึฅืช ืึถืคึฐืจึทึ–ื™ึดื ืžึตืขึธึฝืืƒ

English:

For the chief city of Aram is Damascus,And the chief of Damascus is Rezin;

Aram's head is Damascus and Damascus's head is Retzin โ€” and, Rashi adds, no further: head in Damascus, never in Jerusalem. The verse then sets a clock: within sixty-five years Ephraim will be shattered from being a people. Rashi and Radak, following the Seder Olam, run the count from the prophecy of Amos two years before the earthquake, through Uzziyahu's twenty-five leprous years, Yotam's sixteen, Achaz's sixteen, and Chizkiyahu's six, to the fall of Shomron.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ื™ ืจืืฉ ืืจื. ื”ื™ื ื“ืžืฉืง ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™' ืขืžื”ื ื›ืœื•ื: ื•ืจืืฉ ื“ืžืฉืง ืจืฆื™ืŸ. ื‘ื“ืžืฉืง ื™ื”ื™ื” ืจืืฉ ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื•ื’ื ืคืงื— ื•ืขืฉืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื” ืžื™ื•ื ืฉื ื’ื–ืจ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืขืžื•ืก ื•ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ืœื” ื™ื’ืœื” ืžืขืœ ืื“ืžืชื• (ืขืžื•ืก ื–ืณ:ื™ืดื): ื™ื—ืช ืืคืจื™ื. ืชืจื•ืฆืฅ ืืคืจื™' ืžืขื ืฉื™ื’ืœื ืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘ ืขื ืžืœื›ื ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืืœื” ืฆื ื•ื—ืฉื•ื‘ ืžื ื‘ื•ื' ืขืžื•ืก ืขื“ ืฉื’ืœื• ืขืฉืจืช ื”ืฉื‘ื˜ื™ื ื•ืชืžืฆืื ืก"ื” ืฉื ื™ื ื ื‘ื•ืืช ืขืžื•ืก ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉืชื™ ืฉื ื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ืฉื ืชื ื’ืข ืขื•ื–ื™ื” ืฉื ืืžืจ (ื‘ืขืžื•ืก ืืณ:ืืณ) ืฉื ืชื™ื ืœืคื ื™ ื”ืจืขืฉ ื•ืขื•ื–ื™ื” ื ืชื ื’ืข ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื™ื ื”ืจื™ ื›"ื– ื•ื™"ื• ืฉืœ ื™ื•ืชื ื•ื™"ื• ืฉืœ ืื—ื– ื•' ืฉืœ ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ ื™ื˜) ื•ื™ืœื›ื“ื” ื‘ืฉื ืช ืฉืฉ ืœื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ื”ื™ื ืฉื ืช ืชืฉืข ืœื”ื•ืฉืข ื•ื™ื’ืœ ืืช ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืืฉื•ืจื” ื”ืจื™ ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉ ื•ืžื ื™ื™ืŸ ืฉื™ืžื™ ื—ืœื•ืคื• ืฉืœ ืขื•ื–ื™ื”ื• ื›"ื” ืฉื ื™ื ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืฉื ื˜ื•) ื‘ืฉื ืช ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ืข ืœื™ืจื‘ืขื ื‘ืŸ ื™ื•ืืฉ ืžืœืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืžืœืš ืขื•ื–ื™ื” ื‘ืŸ ืืžืฆื™ื” ืขืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“' ืืคืฉืจ ืœื•ืžืจ ื•ื”ืœื ืขื•ื–ื™ื” ื•ื™ืจื‘ืขื ืžืœื›ื• ื›ืื—ืช ืœืคื™ ื—ืฉื‘ื•ืŸ ืฉืชืžืฆื ื‘ืกืคืจ ืžืœื›ื™ื ืืœื ืฉืžืœืš ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืžื ื•ื’ืขืช ื‘ืฉื ืช ืขืฉืจื™ื ื•ืฉื‘ืข ืœืžืœื›ื• ื ืชื ื’ืข ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ื—ืžืฉื™ื ื•ืฉืชื™ื ืฉื ื” ื•ืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ืœื™ืžื ื•ืช ื‘ืขื•ื“ ืฉืฉื™ื ื•ื—ืžืฉ ืฉื ื” ืžื™ื•ื ืฉืืžืจ ื™ืฉืขื™ื” ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื–ื• ืฉื”ืจื™ ื‘ื™ืžื™ ืื—ื– ืืžืจื” ื•ื”ื ื’ืœื• ื‘ืฉื ืช ืฉืฉ ืœื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื•, ื•ื›ืš ืžืคื•ืจืฉ ื‘ืกื“ืจ ืขื•ืœื ืฉืžื ื” ื”ื›ืชื•ื‘ ืœื ื‘ื•ืืชื• ืฉืœ ืขืžื•ืก:
For the head of Aram that is Damascus, and Jerusalem has nothing with them. and the head of Damascus is Rezin In Damascus he shall be head, but not in Jerusalem, and also as regards Pekah and the ten tribes in another sixty-five years from the day it was decreed in the days of Amos (7:11): "And Israel shall surely be exiled from upon its land." Ephraim shall be broken, no longer to be a people Ephraim shall be shattered, no longer to be a people, for Sennacherib will exile them with their king, Hoshea son of Elah. Go out and calculate from Amos' prophecy until the ten tribes were exiled, and you will find them to be sixty-five years. Amos' prophecy was two years before Uzziah was stricken, as it is stated (Amos 1:1): "Two years before the earthquake." And Uzziah was stricken for twenty-five years, plus these two years, giving us a total of twenty-seven years. Add the sixteen years of Jotham and the sixteen years of Ahaz and six years of Hezekiah, as it is stated (II Kings 18:10, 11): "And they captured it [at the end of three years]; in the sixth year of Hezekiah, which is the ninth year of Hoshea, king of Israel...And the king of Assyria exiled Israel to Assyria." Here are sixty-five years. Now how do we know that the duration of Uzziah's state as a confirmed metzora was twenty-five years? For it is stated (ibid. 15:1): "In the twenty-seventh year of Jeroboam the king of Israel, Azariah the son of Amaziah the king of Judah, became king." Is it possible to say this? Did not Uzziah and Jeroboam reign simultaneously, according to the calculation you will find in the Book of Kings (See Rashi II Kings 14:22)? Rather he reigned a plagued kingship. In the twenty-seventh year he was stricken, and he reigned for fifty-two years. It is impossible, however, to count "and in another sixty-five years" from the day that Isaiah said this prophecy, for he said it in the days of Ahaz, and they were exiled in the sixth year of Hezekiah. In this manner it is explained in Seder Olam (ch. 28), that Scripture counted from the prophecy of Amos.

ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ืณ ยท Verse 9

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐืจึนึคืืฉื ืึถืคึฐืจึทึ™ื™ึดืึ™ ืฉืึนืžึฐืจึ”ื•ึนืŸ ื•ึฐืจึนึฅืืฉื ืฉืึนืžึฐืจึ–ื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึถืŸึพืจึฐืžึทืœึฐื™ึธึ‘ื”ื•ึผ ืึดึšื ืœึนึฃื ืชึทืึฒืžึดึ”ื™ื ื•ึผ ื›ึผึดึ–ื™ ืœึนึฅื ืชึตืึธืžึตึฝื ื•ึผืƒย {ืค}

English:

The chief city of Ephraim is Samaria,And the chief of Samaria is the son of Remaliah.dThe thought is continued by 8.8bโ€“10; cf. 2 Chron. 13.8โ€“12. And in another sixty-five years,Ephraim shall be shattered as a people.eAnd in another sixty-five years, / Ephraim shall be shattered as a people Moved down from v. 8 for clarity. If you will not believe, for you cannot be trustedโ€ฆโ€ffor you cannot be trusted In contrast to others โ€œsurely, you shall not be established.โ€

Likewise Ephraim's head is only Shomron, and Shomron's head only ben Remalyahu. Then the chapter's epigram, sharpened by a pun on the root of emunah: 'If you will not believe, you will not be established' (im lo ta'aminu ki lo te'amenu). Radak explains: if you cannot credit these words, it is because you are not firm in the faith of God โ€” belief and stability are the same root and the same fact.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืื ืœื ืชืืžื™ื ื•. ืœื ื‘ื•ืืชื™ ืืชื ืื—ื– ื•ืขืžื• ืืฉืจ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ ื›ื™ ืจืฉืขื™ื ืืชื: ืœื ืชืืžื ื•. ืœื ืืžื•ืŸ ื‘ื›ื:
if you do not believe My prophecy, you, Ahaz, and his people, for I know that you are wicked. it is because you cannot be believed There is no truth in you.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืณ ยท Verse 10

Hebrew:

ื•ึทื™ึผึฃื•ึนืกึถืฃ ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึ”ื” ื“ึผึทื‘ึผึตึฅืจ ืึถืœึพืึธื—ึธึ–ื– ืœึตืืžึนึฝืจืƒ

English:

GOD spoke furthergGod spoke further I.e., Isaiah continued to speak in Godโ€™s name; cf. Rashi, Ibn Ezra, Kimhi. to Ahaz:

God speaks 'again' to Achaz โ€” through His prophet, as Rashi (citing Yonatan), Metzudat David, and Radak all explain: the continued divine speech is Yeshayahu speaking in God's name.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื™ื•ืกืฃ ื”'. ื•ืื•ืกื™ืฃ ื ื‘ื™ื™ื ื“ื”':
And the Lord continued [Jonathan paraphrases:] And the prophet of the Lord continued.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื ยท Verse 11

Hebrew:

ืฉืึฐืึทืœึพืœึฐืšึธึฃ ืึ”ื•ึนืช ืžึตืขึดึ–ื ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึฃื” ืึฑืœึนื”ึถึ‘ื™ืšึธ ื”ึทืขึฐืžึตึฃืง ืฉืึฐืึธึ”ืœึธื” ืึ–ื•ึน ื”ึทื’ึฐื‘ึผึตึฅื”ึผึท ืœึฐืžึธึฝืขึฐืœึธื”ืƒ

English:

โ€œAsk for a sign from the ETERNAL your God, anywhere down to Sheol or up to the sky.โ€

The astonishing offer: ask any sign you choose, 'deep down to Sheol or high above.' Rashi explains that God, knowing Achaz's unbelief, invites him to set his own proof โ€” even the raising of a dead man from the depths; Radak observes that the king's unbelief was already a matter of record, for he had sent messengers and tribute to Assyria rather than trust the promise.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืฉืืœ ืœืš ืื•ืช. ืœื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื” ื›ื™ ื™ื“ืขืชื™ืš ืฉืื™ืŸ ืืชื” ืžืืžื™ืŸ ืœื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ืงื‘"ื”: ื”ืขืžืง ืฉืืœื”. ื”ืขืžืง ื•ืฉืืœ ืฉืืœื” ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืขื” ืกืœื—ื” (ื“ื ื™ืืœ ื˜ืณ:ื™ืดื˜) ืฉืืœ ืื•ืช ื‘ืขืžืงื™ ืชื”ื•ื ืœื”ื—ื™ื•ืช ืœืš ืžืช ืื• ื”ื’ื‘ื” ืœืžืขืœ' ืœืฉืื•ืœ ืื•ืช ื‘ืฉืžื™ื:
Ask for yourself a sign for this thing, for I know that you do not believe the words of the Holy One, blessed be He. ask it in the depths Heb. ื”ึทืขึฒืžึตืง ืฉืึฐืึธืœึธื”. Go down to the depths and ask. ืฉืึฐืึธืœึธื” is like, "ืฉืึฐืžึธืขึธื”, hear, ืกึฐืœึธื—ึธื”, forgive" (Daniel 9:19). Ask for a sign in the depths of the abyss, to resurrect a dead person for you, or go up to the heights above to ask for a sign in the heavens.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื‘ ยท Verse 12

Hebrew:

ื•ึทื™ึผึนึ–ืืžึถืจ ืึธื—ึธึ‘ื– ืœึนืึพืึถืฉืึฐืึทึฅืœ ื•ึฐืœึนึฝืึพืึฒื ึทืกึผึถึ–ื” ืึถืชึพื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึฝื”ืƒ

English:

But Ahaz replied, โ€œI will not ask, and I will not test GOD.โ€

Achaz declines in the language of piety: 'I will not ask, and I will not test God.' The commentators strip the mask: Rashi โ€” he did not want God's name sanctified through him; Radak โ€” the refusal itself flowed from lack of faith dressed as reverence, and the prophet, who knew his heart, answers him accordingly in the next verse.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืœื ืื ืกื”. ืื™ืŸ ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืฉื™ืชืงื“ืฉ ืฉืžื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื™:
and I will not test I do not wish that His Name be hallowed through Me.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื’ ยท Verse 13

Hebrew:

ื•ึทื™ึผึนึ•ืืžึถืจ ืฉืึดืžึฐืขื•ึผึพื ึธึ–ื ื‘ึผึตึฃื™ืช ื“ึผึธื•ึดึ‘ื“ ื”ึทืžึฐืขึทึคื˜ ืžึดื›ึผึถืึ™ ื”ึทืœึฐืึฃื•ึนืช ืึฒื ึธืฉืึดึ”ื™ื ื›ึผึดึฅื™ ืชึทืœึฐืึ–ื•ึผ ื’ึผึทึฅื ืึถืชึพืึฑืœึนื”ึธึฝื™ืƒ

English:

โ€œListen, House of David,โ€ [Isaiah] retorted, โ€œis it not enough for you to treat the agentshthe agents I.e., the prophets; cf. Targum, Rashi, Kimhi. as helpless that you also treat my God as helpless?ias helpless By insisting on soliciting the aid of Assyria (see 2 Kings 16.7ff.; cf. below, v. 20). โ€œTreat as helplessโ€ follows the translation of Saadia; cf. Gen. 19.11.

The prophet turns on 'the house of David' โ€” Radak notes the pointed refusal to address Achaz by name โ€” with the retort: is it not enough for you to weary men, that you weary my God as well? Rashi identifies the wearied men as God's prophets, disbelieved and exhausted by the king's wickedness.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื”ืœืื•ืช ืื ืฉื™ื. ื ื‘ื™ืื™ ื”': ื›ื™ ืชืœืื• ื•ื’ื•'. ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื™ื•ื“ืข ืฉืืชื ืื™ืŸ ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื• ื•ื”ื•ื’ืขืชื ืœืคื ื™ื• ื‘ืจืฉืขื›ื:
to weary men God's prophets. that you weary, etc. For He knows that you do not believe in Him, and you weary Him with your wickedness.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื“ ยท Verse 14

Hebrew:

ืœึธึ ื›ึตึ ืŸ ื™ึดืชึผึตึจืŸ ืึฒื“ึนื ึธึฅื™ ื”ึ›ื•ึผื ืœึธื›ึถึ–ื ืึ‘ื•ึนืช ื”ึดื ึผึตึฃื” ื”ึธืขึทืœึฐืžึธึ—ื” ื”ึธืจึธื”ึ™ ื•ึฐื™ึนืœึถึฃื“ึถืช ื‘ึผึตึ”ืŸ ื•ึฐืงึธืจึธึฅืืช ืฉืึฐืžึ–ื•ึน ืขึดืžึผึธึฅื ื•ึผ ืึตึฝืœืƒ

English:

Assuredly, my Sovereign will give you a sign nonetheless! Look, the young woman is with child and about to give birth to a son. Let her name him Immanuel.jImmanuel Meaning โ€œwith us is God.โ€

The sign given unasked: 'Behold, the almah is with child and will bear a son, and she will call his name Immanu El' โ€” God is with us. Rashi identifies the young woman as the prophet's own wife, the 'neviah' of the next chapter, the sign being the divine spirit that would rest on her to name the child; Radak argues she was the wife of Achaz, since 'your land, O Immanu El' bespeaks a royal child โ€” and both make the chronological point that the child cannot be Chizkiyahu, who was born nine years before his father's reign.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื™ืชืŸ ืื“' ื”ื•ื ืœื›ื ืื•ืช. ื™ืชืŸ ื”ื•ื ืžืืœื™ื• ืขืœ ื›ืจื—ื›ื: ื”ืจื”. ืœ' ืขืชื™ื“ ื”ื•ื ื›ืžื• ืฉืžืฆื™ื ื• ื‘ืืฉืช ืžื ื•ื— ืฉืืžืจ ืœื” ื”ืžืœืืš ื•ื”ืจื™ืช ื•ื™ืœื“ืช ื‘ืŸ ื•ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ืืžืจ ืœื” ื”ื ืš ื”ืจื” ื•ื’ื•': ื”ืขืœืžื”. ืืฉืชื™ ื”ืจื” ื”ืฉื ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ืชื” ืฉื ืช ื“' ืœืื—ื–: ื•ืงืจืืช ืฉืžื•. ืจื•ื— ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ ืชืฉืจื” ืขืœื™ื”: ืขืžื ื• ืืœ. ืœื•ืžืจ ืฉื™ื”ื ืฆื•ืจื ื• ืขืžื ื• ื•ื–ื” ื”ืื•ืช ืฉื”ืจื™ ื ืขืจื” ื”ื™ื ื•ืœื ื ืชื ื‘ืื™ืช ืžื™ืžื™ื” ื•ื‘ื–ื• ืชืฉืจื” ื‘ื” ืจื•ื”"ืง ื•ื–ื”ื• ืฉื ืืžืจ ืœืžื˜ื” ื•ืืงืจื‘ ืืœ ื”ื ื‘ื™ืื” ื•ื’ื•' ื•ืœื ืžืฆื™ื ื• ืืฉืช ื ื‘ื™ื ืฉื ืงืจืื” ื ื‘ื™ืื” ืื"ื› ื”ืชื ื‘ืื” ื•ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืชืจื™ืŸ ืฉืขืœ ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ื ืืžืจ ื•ื"ื ืฉื”ืจื™ ื›ืฉืืช' ืžื•ื ื” ืฉื ื•ืชื™ื• ืชืžืฆื ืฉื ื•ืœื“ ื—ื–ืงื™ื” ืœืคื ื™ ืžืœื›ื•ืช ืื‘ื™ื• ื˜' ืฉื ื™ื ื•ื™ืฉ ืคื•ืชืจื™ืŸ ืฉื–ื” ื”ืื•ืช ืฉืขืœืžื” ื”ื™ืชื” ื•ืื™ื ื” ืจืื•ื™ื” ืœื•ืœื“:
the Lord, of His own, shall give you a sign He will give you a sign by Himself, against Your will. is with child This is actually the future, as we find concerning Manoah's wife, that the angel said to her (Judges 13:3): "And you shall conceive and bear a son," and it is written, "Behold, you are with child and shall bear a son." the young woman My wife will conceive this year. This was the fourth year of Ahaz. and she shall call his name Divine inspiration will rest upon her. Immanuel [lit. God is with us. That is] to say that our Rock shall be with us, and this is the sign, for she is a young girl, and she never prophesied, yet in this instance, Divine inspiration shall rest upon her. This is what is stated below (8:3): "And I was intimate with the prophetess, etc.," and we do not find a prophet's wife called a prophetess unless she prophesied. Some interpret this as being said about Hezekiah, but it is impossible, because, when you count his years, you find that Hezekiah was born nine years before his father's reign. And some interpret that this is the sign, that she was a young girl and incapable of giving birth.

ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ืดื• ยท Verse 15

Hebrew:

ื—ึถืžึฐืึธึฅื” ื•ึผื“ึฐื‘ึทึ–ืฉื ื™ึนืื›ึตึ‘ืœ ืœึฐื“ึทืขึฐืชึผึ›ื•ึน ืžึธืึฅื•ึนืก ื‘ึผึธืจึธึ–ืข ื•ึผื‘ึธื—ึฅื•ึนืจ ื‘ึผึทื˜ึผึฝื•ึนื‘ืƒ

English:

(By the time he learns to reject the bad and choose the good, people will be feeding on curds and honey.)

The child will eat curds and honey: Radak reads 'l'daato' as the sign itself โ€” from birth the infant will instinctively refuse bad food and choose the sweet; Rashi reads the curds and honey as the plenty the land will enjoy by the time the child knows to reject evil and choose good. Radak also points readers to his father's Sefer HaBrit for the decisive argument that the sign had to carry meaning for Achaz in his own crisis โ€” a wonder occurring centuries after his death could not have steadied the king it was given to.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื—ืžืื” ื•ื“ื‘ืฉ ื™ืื›ืœ. ื”ื•ืœื“ ืฉืชื”ื ืืจืฆื ื• ืžืœืื” ื›ืœ ื˜ื•ื‘: ืœื“ืขืชื• ืžืื•ืก ื‘ืจืข ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘. ื›ืฉื™ื“ืข ืœืžืื•ืก ื‘ืจืข ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘ ื•ืžืื™ืŸ ืœื ื• ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื”ื–ืืช ื”ืœื ืขืชื” ื”ืืจืฅ ื—ืจื‘ื” ื‘ื’ื“ื•ื“ื™ ืžืœื›ื™ ืืจืฅ ื•ืคืงื— ื‘ืŸ ืจืžืœื™ื”ื•:
Cream and honey he shall eat [i.e.,] the child [shall eat,] for our land shall be replete with all good. when he knows to reject bad and choose good Heb. ืœึฐื“ึทืขึฐืชึผื•ึน [lit. to his knowledge], when he knows to reject bad and choose good. Now whence will we have this plenty? Is not our land desolate now from the troops of the kings of Aram and Pekah the son of Remaliah?

ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ืดื– ยท Verse 16

Hebrew:

ื›ึผึดึ ื™ ื‘ึผึฐื˜ึถึจืจึถื ื™ึตื“ึทึฅืข ื”ึทื ึผึทึ›ืขึทืจ ืžึธืึนึฅืก ื‘ึผึธืจึธึ–ืข ื•ึผื‘ึธื—ึนึฃืจ ื‘ึผึทื˜ึผึ‘ื•ึนื‘ ืชึผึตืขึธื–ึตึคื‘ ื”ึธืึฒื“ึธืžึธื”ึ™ ืึฒืฉืึถึฃืจ ืึทืชึผึธึฃื” ืงึธึ”ืฅ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตึ–ื™ ืฉืึฐื ึตึฅื™ ืžึฐืœึธื›ึถึฝื™ื”ึธืƒ

English:

For before the lad knows to reject the bad and choose the good, the ground whose two kings you dread shall be abandoned.

The sign's payoff runs on a child's clock: before the lad knows to reject bad and choose good, the land whose two kings terrify you will be abandoned. Rashi anchors the fulfillment in Achaz's own fourth year, when the king of Assyria took Damascus and slew Retzin, and Hoshea ben Elah conspired against Pekach and killed him.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ื™ ื‘ื˜ืจื ื™ื“ืข ื”ื ืขืจ ืžืื•ืก ื‘ืจืข ื•ื‘ื—ื•ืจ ื‘ื˜ื•ื‘, ืชืขื–ื‘. ื”ืืจืฅ ืžื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื” ืื“ืžืช ืจืฆื™ืŸ ื•ืื“ืžืช ืคืงื—: ืืฉืจ ืืชื” ืงืฅ. ื•ื™ื’ื•ืจ ืžืคื ื™ ื‘' ืžืœื›ื™ื” ืจืฆื™ืŸ ื•ืคืงื— ืฉื‘ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ืขืœื” ืžืœืš ืืฉื•ืจ ืขืœ ื“ืžืฉืง ื›ื™ ืฉื›ืจื• ืื—ื– ื›ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื‘ืกืคืจ (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื˜ื–) ื•ื™ืชืคืฉื” ื•ื™ื’ืœื” ืงื™ืจื” ื•ืืช ืจืฆื™ืŸ ื”ืžื™ืช ื•ืื•ืชื” ืฉื ื” ื•ื™ืงืฉืจ ืงืฉืจ ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืืœื” ืขืœ ืคืงื— ื‘ืŸ ืจืžืœื™ื”ื• ื•ื™ื›ื”ื• ื•ื™ืžื™ืชื”ื• ื‘ืฉื ืช ืขืฉืจื™ื ืœื™ื•ืชื (ืฉื ื˜ื•) ืฉื”ื™ื ืฉื ืช ืืจื‘ืข ืœืื—ื–:
For, when the lad does not yet know to reject bad and choose good the land shall be abandoned by its inhabitants, [i.e.,] the land of Rezin and the land of Pekah. you dread and fear its two kings, Rezin and Pekah, for in that year the king of Assyria marched on Damascus since Ahaz hired him, as it is stated in the Book of II Kings (16:9): "And seized it and exiled its inhabitants to Kir, and he slew Rezin," and in that very year (ibid. 15:30), "Hoshea the son of Elah revolted against Pekah the son of Remaliah, and he struck him and slew him...in the twentieth year of Jotham," which was the fourth year of Ahaz.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื– ยท Verse 17

Hebrew:

ื™ึธื‘ึดึจื™ื ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึœื” ืขึธืœึถึ—ื™ืšึธ ื•ึฐืขึทึฝืœึพืขึทืžึผึฐืšึธึฎ ื•ึฐืขึทืœึพื‘ึผึตึฃื™ืช ืึธื‘ึดึ’ื™ืšึธึ’ ื™ึธืžึดื™ืึ™ ืึฒืฉืึถึฃืจ ืœึนืึพื‘ึธึ”ืื•ึผ ืœึฐืžึดื™ึผึฅื•ึนื ืกื•ึผืจึพืึถืคึฐืจึทึ–ื™ึดื ืžึตืขึทึฃืœ ื™ึฐื”ื•ึผื“ึธึ‘ื” ืึตึ–ืช ืžึถึฅืœึถืšึฐ ืึทืฉืึผึฝื•ึผืจืƒย {ืค}

English:

GOD will cause to come upon you and your people and your ancestral house such days as have not come since Ephraim turned away from Judahโ€”that selfsame king of Assyria!kAssyria Cf. note at v. 13.

The pivot from comfort to warning: God will bring upon you, your people, and your father's house days unlike any since Ephraim turned from Judah โ€” the king of Assyria. Rashi, Metzudat David, and Radak all note the delicacy of 'your father's house' where 'your son' belonged: the blow would fall on Chizkiyahu, and Scripture would not call the righteous king the wicked Achaz's son.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื™ื‘ื™ื ื”' ืขืœื™ืš ื•ืขืœ ืขืžืš. ืขืœ ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ื‘ื ืš ื”ืžื•ืœืš ืื—ืจื™ืš ื•ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ืฆื“ื™ืง ืœื ืงืจืื• ื‘ื ื•: ื™ืžื™ื ืืฉืจ ืœื ื‘ืื•. ืžื™ื•ื ืฉื ื—ืœืงื” ืžืœื›ื•ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื“ื•ื“ ื•ืกืจ ืืคืจื™ื ืžืขืœ ื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ืžื” ื”ื ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื™ืžื™ ื—ื™ืœ ืžืœืš ืืฉื•ืจ ื•ืืฃ ื‘ื”ื ื™ืขืฉื” ืœื™ื”ื•ื“ื” ื•ื›ืŸ ืžื ื™ื ื• (ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื™ ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ ื›ืดื—:ื›ืณ) ืฉื‘ื ืžืชื—ื™ืœื” ืขืœ ืื—ื– ื“ื›ืชื™ื‘ ื•ื™ื‘ื ืขืœื™ื• ืชื’ืœืช ืคืœืืกืจ ื•ืฆืจ ืœื• ื•ืœื ื—ื–ืงื• ื•ื‘ื™ืžื™ ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ื‘ื ื• ื ืขืฉื” ื”ื ืก:
The Lord shall bring upon you and upon your people "And yet greater that this, the Lord shall bring upon you and upon your people [ms]. Upon Hezekiah your son, who will reign after you," but since he was righteous, he did not call him his son. days which have not come since the day the kingdom of the House of David was divided, and Ephraim seceded from Judah. And what are the days? The days of the army of the king of Assyria, and even then [lit. in them], a miracle shall be performed for Judah, and so we find in II Chron. (28:20) that he came first upon Ahaz, for it is written: "And Tilgath-Pilnesser [not as in printed editions] came upon him and distressed him, but did not strengthen him." And in the days of Hezekiah his son, the miracle was performed.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื— ยท Verse 18

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธึฃื”โ€‰ื€ ื‘ึผึทื™ึผึฃื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ึ—ื•ึผื ื™ึดืฉืึฐืจึนึคืง ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื”ึ™ ืœึทื–ึผึฐื‘ึ”ื•ึผื‘ ืึฒืฉืึถึฅืจ ื‘ึผึดืงึฐืฆึตึ–ื” ื™ึฐืึนืจึตึฃื™ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธึ‘ื™ึดื ื•ึฐืœึทึจื“ึผึฐื‘ื•ึนืจึธึ”ื” ืึฒืฉืึถึ–ืจ ื‘ึผึฐืึถึฅืจึถืฅ ืึทืฉืึผึฝื•ึผืจืƒ

English:

โ€œIn that day, GOD will whistle to the flies at the ends of the water channels of Egypt and to the bees in the land of Assyria;

God whistles for the fly at the edge of Egypt's canals and the bee in the land of Assyria. Rashi explains: armies numberless as flies, warriors who sting like bees; Radak explains both figures by their swarming โ€” they gather in an instant and come swiftly, and even Egypt's farmers will abandon their irrigation channels in their eagerness to despoil the land.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ืฉืจืง ื”'. ื™ืจืžื•ื– ืœื”ื ืฉื™ืชืงื‘ืฆื•: ืœื–ื‘ื•ื‘. ื—ื™ื™ืœื•ืช ืจื‘ื•ืช ื›ื–ื‘ื•ื‘ื™ื ืžืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื™ื‘ื•ืื• ืขื ืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘: ื™ืื•ืจื™ ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืœืคื™ ืฉื›ืœ ืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ืขืฉื•ื™ื™ื” ื™ืื•ืจื™ื ืฉืื™ืŸ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื™ื•ืจื“ื™ื ืฉื ืืœื ื ื™ืœื•ืก ืขื•ืœื” ื•ืžืฉืงื”: ื•ืœื“ื‘ื•ืจื”. ื—ื™ืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืขื•ืงืฆื™ื ื›ื“ื‘ื•ืจื™ื:
the Lord shall whistle Shall signal them that they assemble. to the "fly" Armies as numerous as flies, will come from Egypt with Sennacherib. the canals of Egypt Since all the land of Egypt is made into canals, for rain does not fall there, but the Nile rises and waters it. and to the "bee" An army of heroes who sting like bees.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื˜ ยท Verse 19

Hebrew:

ื•ึผื‘ึธึจืื•ึผ ื•ึฐื ึธื—ึคื•ึผ ื›ึปืœึผึธืึ™ ื‘ึผึฐื ึทื—ึฒืœึตึฃื™ ื”ึทื‘ึผึทืชึผึ”ื•ึนืช ื•ึผื‘ึดื ึฐืงึดื™ืงึตึ–ื™ ื”ึทืกึผึฐืœึธืขึดึ‘ื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึนืœึ™ ื”ึทื ึผึทึฃืขึฒืฆื•ึผืฆึดึ”ื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึนึ–ืœ ื”ึทื ึผึทื”ึฒืœึนืœึดึฝื™ืืƒ

English:

and they shall all come and alight in the rugged wadis, and in the clefts of the rocks, and in all the thornbrakes, and in all the watering places.

The swarms settle everywhere โ€” desolate wadis, clefts of rock, thornbrakes, and watering places. Radak keeps the figure continuous with the bees, which alight on flowers, and decodes the resting places as the valley towns, the rock fortresses, and the unwalled villages: nothing will be remote enough to escape.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื‘ื ื—ืœื™ ื”ื‘ืชื•ืช. ื ื—ืœื™ ืขืžืงื™ื ืฉื“ื•ืช ื‘ื•ืจื™ื: ื•ื‘ื ืงื™ืงื™ ื”ืกืœืขื™ื. ืœืืจื•ื‘, ื ืงื™ืงื™ ื ืงืจื•ืช ื”ืฆื•ืจ: ื•ื‘ื›ืœ ื”ื ืขืฆื•ืฆื™ื. ืžืงื•ื ื”ืกื™ืจื™ื (ืฉืงื•ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืจื•ืฆ"ืฉ ื‘ืœืขื–) ื•ื›ืŸ ืชื—ืช ื”ื ืขืฆื•ืฅ ื™ืขืœื” ื‘ืจื•ืฉ (ืœืงืžืŸ ื ื”): ื”ื ื”ืœื•ืœื™ื. ื‘ืชื™ ืชื•ืฉื‘ื—ืชื:
in the desolate valleys Heb. ื ึทื—ึฒืœึตื™ means valleys, i.e., fallow fields. and in the clefts of the rocks to ambush. ื ึฐืงึดื™ืงึตื™ is synonymous with ื ึดืงึฐืจื•ึนืชื”ึทืฆึผื•ึผืจ. and in the thornbushes the places of the thorns called broces [briars]. And similarly (infra 55:13): "Instead of the thornbush (ื”ื ึผึทืขึฒืฆื•ึผืฅ) the fir tree shall come up." the shrines houses of praise [from Jonathan].

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืณ ยท Verse 20

Hebrew:

ื‘ึผึทื™ึผึฃื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ึกื•ึผื ื™ึฐื’ึทืœึผึทึฃื— ืึฒื“ึนื ึธื™ึฉ ื‘ึผึฐืชึทึจืขึทืจ ื”ึทืฉื‚ึผึฐื›ึดื™ืจึธึœื” ื‘ึผึฐืขึถื‘ึฐืจึตึคื™ ื ึธื”ึธืจึ™ ื‘ึผึฐืžึถึฃืœึถืšึฐ ืึทืฉืึผึ”ื•ึผืจ ืึถืช๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝื”ึธืจึนึ–ืืฉื ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึทึฃืขึทืจ ื”ึธืจึทื’ึฐืœึธึ‘ื™ึดื ื•ึฐื’ึทึฅื ืึถืชึพื”ึทื–ึผึธืงึธึ–ืŸ ืชึผึดืกึฐืคึผึถึฝื”ืƒย {ืค}

English:

โ€œIn that day, my Sovereign will cut away with the razor that is hired beyond the Euphratesโ€”with the king of Assyrialking of Assyria Who was hired by Ahaz; cf. notes at vv. 13 and 17.โ€”the hair of the head and the hair of the legs,mthe hair of the legs I.e., the pubic hair. and it shall clip off the beard as well.

The chapter's most cutting image: the razor hired from beyond the River โ€” the very Assyria Achaz hired โ€” will shave head, leg-hair, and beard. Radak reads the shaving as the plague that consumed Sancheriv's camp before Jerusalem, the 'beard' being the king himself, marked off with 'and also' because he did not die in the camp but in his own land by his sons' swords; Rashi cites the aggadah in Chelek that takes the singeing of the beard literally.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื™ื’ืœื— ืื“' ื‘ืชืขืจ ื”ืฉื›ื™ืจื”. ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื•ื›ืŸ ื’ื ืฉื›ื™ืจื™ื” ื‘ืงืจื‘ื” (ื™ืจืžื™ื”ื• ืžืดื•:ื›ืดื) ืช"ื™ ืจื‘ืจื‘ื”ื ื™ื’ืœื—: ื‘ืขื‘ืจื™ ื ื”ืจ. ื‘ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื ื”ืจ ื•ื‘ืžื™ ืžืŸ ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ื™ื ื‘ืžืœืš ืืฉื•ืจ ืืช ื”ืจืืฉ ื™ื’ืœื— ื•ืืช ืฉืขืจ ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื ืœืคื™ ืฉื”ื•ื ื“ื‘ื•ืง ื ืฉืชื ื” ืœื™ื ืงื“ ืคืชื—: ืชืกืคื”. ืชื›ืœื” ื•ื”ืชื’ืœื—ืช ื”ื™ื ื”ื”ืจื™ื’ื” ื•ื”ืชืขืจ ื”ื™ื ื”ื—ืจื‘: ืืช ื”ืจืืฉ. ื”ื•ื ืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘: ื”ืจื’ืœื™ื. ืžืฉืจื™ื™ืชื™ื”: ื”ื–ืงืŸ. ืฉืœื˜ื•ื ื™ื™ื ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ืืžืจื• ื’ื™ืœื•ื— ืžืžืฉ ื•ืกืคืช ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื—ืจื™ื›ืชื” ื‘ืืฉ ื”ื–ืงืŸ ื–ืงืŸ ืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘ ื›ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ืื’ื“ืช ื—ืœืง:
the Lord shall shave with the great razor Heb. (ืฉึผื‚ึฐื›ึดื™ืจึธื”), comp. (Jer. 46:21) "Also its officers (ืฉื‚ึฐื›ึดื™ืจึถื™ื”ึธ) in its midst," which Jonathan renders: its great ones. on the other side of the river Of those who dwell on the other side of the river, and of which of those dwellers? The king of Assyria, the head He will shave and the hair of the legs. Since it is in the construct state, it is voweled with a 'pattach,' (ืฉื‚ึทืขึทืจ) instead of (ืฉื‚ึตืขึธืจ). shall be entirely removed Will be destroyed. The shaving is the slaying, and the razor is the sword. the head This symbolizes the king. the legs [This symbolizes] his camps [from Jonathan]. the beard [This symbolizes] the governors [from Jonathan]. But our Rabbis said that this literally refers to shaving, and the removal of the beard is by singeing it with fire. "The beard" refers to the beard of Sennacherib, as is found in the Aggadah of the chapter entitled, 'Chelek.'

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื ยท Verse 21

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธึ–ื” ื‘ึผึทื™ึผึฃื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ึ‘ื•ึผื ื™ึฐื—ึทื™ึผึถื”ึพืึดึ›ื™ืฉื ืขึถื’ึฐืœึทึฅืช ื‘ึผึธืงึธึ–ืจ ื•ึผืฉืึฐืชึผึตื™ึพืฆึนึฝืืŸืƒ

English:

And in that day, each household shall save alive a heifer of the herd and two animals of the flock.

After the scourge, blessing in miniature: a man will keep alive one heifer and two sheep โ€” and they will suffice. Rashi explains that the armies will have plundered the livestock, but God will set blessing in the little that remains; Radak places this abundance in the peaceful days of Chizkiyahu.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื™ื—ื™ื” ืื™ืฉ ื•ื’ื•'. ื•ืœืคื™ ืฉืชื”ื ืืจืฆื ืจื™ืงื ื™ืช ืฉื™ื‘ื•ื–ื• ื”ื—ื™ื™ืœื•ืช ืืช ื”ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช ื•ื‘ืžืขื˜ ื”ื ื•ืชืจ ืืชืŸ ื‘ืจื›ื”:
a man shall keep alive and since the land will be empty, for the armies will pillage the livestock, and in the few that remain I will give a blessing.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื‘ ยท Verse 22

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธึ—ื” ืžึตืจึนึ›ื‘ ืขึฒืฉื‚ึฅื•ึนืช ื—ึธืœึธึ–ื‘ ื™ึนืื›ึทึฃืœ ื—ึถืžึฐืึธึ‘ื” ื›ึผึดึฝื™ึพื—ึถืžึฐืึธึคื” ื•ึผื“ึฐื‘ึทืฉืึ™ ื™ึนืื›ึตึ”ืœ ื›ึผื‡ืœึพื”ึทื ึผื•ึนืชึธึ–ืจ ื‘ึผึฐืงึถึฅืจึถื‘ ื”ึธืึธึฝืจึถืฅืƒย {ืก}ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 

English:

(And they shall obtain so much milk that they shall eat curds.) Thus everyone who is left in the land shall feed on curds and honey.

From the abundance of milk the survivors will disdain plain milk and eat curds โ€” the fat of the milk โ€” and all who remain in the land will eat curds and honey. Rashi hears in it a great consolation: the righteous who survive Sancheriv's sword are promised ready sustenance after all that desolation.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื”ื™ื” ืžืจื•ื‘. ื—ืœื‘ ืฉื™ืขืฉื• ื‘' ื”ืฆืืŸ ื”ืœืœื• ื™ื‘ื•ื–ื• ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื”ื ื”ื—ืœื‘ ื•ื™ืื›ืœื• ื”ื—ืžืื” ื”ื•ื ืฉื•ืžืŸ ื”ื—ืœื‘: ื›ืœ ื”ื ื•ืชืจ. ื”ืฆื“ื™ืงื™ื ื”ืคืœื˜ื™ื ืžื—ืจื‘ ืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘ ื‘ืฉื•ืจื” ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ื”ื•ื ืžื‘ืฉืจ ืœื”ื ืฉืชื–ื“ืžืŸ ืœื”ื ืคืจื ืกื” ืื—ืจ ื›ืœ ื”ืฉืžืžื•ืŸ ื”ื”ื•ื:
And it shall be, because of the plentiful milk that these two sheep will produce, they will despise the milk and eat the cream, which is the fat of the milk. everyone left The righteous who were saved from the sword of Sennacheribhe is bringing them good news, that sustenance will be prepared for them after that desolation.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื’ ยท Verse 23

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื”ึ™ ื‘ึผึทื™ึผึฃื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ึ”ื•ึผื ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถึฃื” ื›ื‡ืœึพืžึธืงึ—ื•ึนื ืึฒืฉืึถึงืจ ื™ึดึฝื”ึฐื™ึถื”ึพืฉืึผึธึ›ื ืึถึฅืœึถืฃ ื’ึผึถึ–ืคึถืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืึถึฃืœึถืฃ ื›ึผึธึ‘ืกึถืฃ ืœึทืฉืึผึธืžึดึฅื™ืจ ื•ึฐืœึทืฉืึผึทึ–ื™ึดืช ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถึฝื”ืƒ

English:

โ€œFor in that day, every spot where there could stand a thousand vines worth a thousand shekels of silvernevery spot where โ€ฆ silver I.e., all the best farmland, corresponding to the hairiest parts of the body; v. 20. shall become a wilderness of thornbush and thistle.

Every place that held a thousand vines worth a thousand silver will become brier and thistle. Rashi explains that fleeing owners will abandon the vineyards to thorns; Metzudat David gives the neglect its aggadic light โ€” Chizkiyahu's generation would busy itself with Torah and leave off wine; Radak inverts the syntax and reads a promise: the land now lost to thorns because of war will be worked again until a thousand vines fetch a thousand silver.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื”ื™ื” ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ื”ื•ื. ืืฉืจ ืชื”ื™ื” ื”ืืจืฅ ืฉืžืžื” ื™ื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื ืœืคื ื™ ื‘ื ื—ื™ื™ืœื•ืช: ืืœืฃ ื’ืคืŸ. ืฉื•ื•ืช ืืœืฃ ื›ืกืฃ ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœืฉืžื™ืจ ื•ืœืฉื™ืช ื›ื™ ื™ื ื™ื—ื•ื ื‘ืขืœื™ื”ื ื•ื‘ื•ืจื—ื™ืŸ ื•ื”ื ืžืขืœื•ืช ืงื™ืžืฉื•ื ื™ื ื•ืชื•ืœืขื™ื ื•ืขืงืจื‘ื™ื:
And it shall come to pass on that day that the land will be desolate, there will be a place where there were, before the coming of the armies. a thousand vines worth a thousand pieces of silver will be for the worms and the thorns, for their owners will abandon them and flee, and they will be overgrown by thorns and worms and scorpions.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื“ ยท Verse 24

Hebrew:

ื‘ึผึทื—ึดืฆึผึดึฅื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึทืงึผึถึ–ืฉืึถืช ื™ึธึฃื‘ื•ึนื ืฉืึธึ‘ืžึผึธื” ื›ึผึดึฝื™ึพืฉืึธืžึดึฅื™ืจ ื•ึธืฉืึทึ–ื™ึดืช ืชึผึดึฝื”ึฐื™ึถึฅื” ื›ื‡ืœึพื”ึธืึธึฝืจึถืฅืƒ

English:

One will have to go there with bow and arrows,owith bow and arrows Because of dangerous beasts. for the country shall be all thornbushes and thistles.

One will enter that ground only with bow and arrows. Rashi explains: to defend against the wild beasts, snakes, and scorpions that overrun the abandoned thickets; Radak, consistent with his reading of the previous verse, takes this as the present distress โ€” men now go armed because of the war, which is why the land lies unworked and thorn-covered.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื‘ื—ืฆื™ื ื•ื‘ืงืฉืช ื™ื‘ื ืฉืžื”. ื›ืœ ื”ืจื•ืฆื” ืœื™ื›ื ืก ืœืชื•ื›ื• ื™ื”ื ืฆืจื™ืš ืงืฉืช ื•ื—ืฆื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ื• ืœืžืœื˜ ืขืฆืžื• ืžื—ื™ื•ืช ืจืขื•ืช ื•ื ื—ืฉื™ื ื•ืขืงืจื‘ื™ื:
With arrows and with a bow shall one come there Everyone who wishes to enter therein, will require a bow and arrows in his hand, to save himself from wild beasts, snakes, and scorpions.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื” ยท Verse 25

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื›ึนึฃืœ ื”ึถื”ึธืจึดึ—ื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถึคืจ ื‘ึผึทืžึผึทืขึฐื“ึผึตืจึ™ ื™ึตืขึธึฃื“ึตืจึ”ื•ึผืŸ ืœึนืึพืชึธื‘ึฃื•ึนื ืฉืึธึ”ืžึผึธื” ื™ึดืจึฐืึทึ–ืช ืฉืึธืžึดึฃื™ืจ ื•ึธืฉืึธึ‘ื™ึดืช ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื”ึ™ ืœึฐืžึดืฉืึฐืœึทึฃื— ืฉืึ”ื•ึนืจ ื•ึผืœึฐืžึดืจึฐืžึทึ–ืก ืฉื‚ึถึฝื”ืƒย {ืค}

English:

But the perils of thornbush and thistle shall not spread to any of the hills that could only be tilled with a hoe;phills that could only be tilled with a hoe Marginal farmland, too rocky for the plow, corresponding to areas of the body with scant hair. and here cattle shall be let loose, and sheep and goatsqsheep and goats See note at Exod. 12.3. shall tramp about.โ€

But the hoed mountains โ€” the grain fields โ€” will not fear brier and thistle; cattle will be let loose there and sheep will tread the ground amid plenty. Rashi crowns the chapter with the aggadah of Sanhedrin 94b: in Chizkiyahu's generation they searched from Dan to Beer Sheva and found no one ignorant of the laws of issur v'heter and purity โ€” the vineyards went untended because the people had turned from wine to Torah.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื›ืœ ื”ื”ืจื™ื. ืืฉืจ ืฉื ืฉื“ื•ืช ืœื‘ืŸ ืœืชื‘ื•ืื”: ืืฉืจ ื‘ืžืขื“ืจ ื™ืขื“ืจื•ืŸ. ื”ื™ื ื›ืžื™ืŸ ืžืจื™ืฉ ืฉืงื•ืจื™ืŸ ืคืฉื•ื™ื™"ืจ ื‘ืœืขื–: ืœื ืชื‘ื ืฉืžื” ื™ืจืืช ืฉืžื™ืจ ื•ืฉื™ืช. ื›ื™ ื‘ื”ื ื™ืชืขืกืงื• ืœื–ืจื•ืข ืชื‘ื•ืื” ืœืžืื›ืœ ืฉืื™ ืืคืฉืจ ื‘ืœื ื”ืชื‘ื•ืื” ืื‘ืœ ื”ื’ืคื ื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื‘ื– ื›ื™ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื•ืจ ืฉืœ ื™ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ื™ืฉื•ื‘ื• ืืœื™ ืœืขืกื•ืง ื‘ืชื•ืจื” ื•ืœื ืœืฉืชื•ืช ื™ื™ืŸ ื•ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ืชื” ื›ื“ืื™ืชื ื‘ื—ืœืง ื‘ื“ืงื• ืžื“ืŸ ื•ืขื“ ื‘ืืจ ืฉื‘ืข ื•ืœื ืžืฆืื• ืื™ืฉ ืฉืœื ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืงื™ ื‘ื”ืœื›ื•ืช ืื™ืกื•ืจ ื•ื”ื™ืชืจ ื•ื˜ื•ืžืื” ื•ื˜ื”ืจื” ื•ืขืœ ืื•ืชื• ื”ื“ื•ืจ ื”ื•ื ืื•ืžืจ ื•ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ืžืงื•ื ื•ื’ื•' ื”ื•ื ืฉื ืืžืจ (ืžืฉืœื™ ื›ืดื”:ืืณ) ืืฉืจ ื”ืขืชื™ืงื• ืื ืฉื™ ื—ื–ืงื™ื”ื• ืžืœืš ื™ื”ื•ื“ื”: ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœืžืฉืœื— ืฉื•ืจ. ืฉื ื™ืจืขื• ื‘ื”ืžื•ืชื™ื”ื ืžืจืขื” ืฉืžืŸ:
And all the mountains where there are wheat fields fit for grain. that will be dug with a spade It is a kind of shovel called fosojjr in O.F. the fear of worms and thorns For in them they will engage to sow grain for food, for it is impossible without grain, but the vines will be neglected, for that generation of Hezekiah will return to Me to engage in the Torah, and not to drink wine, as it is [stated] in [the chapter of] "Chelek" (San. 94b): They searched from Dan to Beer-sheba, and did not find any man who was not well-versed in the laws of prohibition and permissibility and ritual defilement and purity. And concerning that generation, Scripture says: And it shall come to pass, that every place, etc. This is what is stated (Prov. 25:1): "Which the men of Hezekiah, king of Judah, strengthened." and it shall be for the pasture of oxen There their cattle will graze on fat pastureland.

โ† Isaiah 6 | Isaiah 8 โ†’

Back to Isaiah | Back to Nach Yomi

Last updated on
Chapter 6Chapter 8