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II Kings 4

מלכים ב׳ פרק ד׳

Section: נביאים · נביאים ראשונים | Book: II Kings | Chapter: 4 of 25 | Day: 126 of 742

Date: June 17, 2026


קלאוד על הנ״ך

Chapter 4 of Melachim Bet gathers four miracle narratives around the figure of Elisha: the multiplication of the widow’s oil (verses 1-7), the extended story of the Shunamite woman and the revival of her son (verses 8-37), the neutralizing of the poisoned stew at Gilgal (verses 38-41), and the feeding of a hundred men from twenty barley loaves (verses 42-44). The arrangement is deliberate. Elisha had asked of his master ‘a double portion of your spirit’ (pi shnayim, פי שניים, II Kings 2:9), and this chapter answers that request in narrative form: where Eliyahu sustained one widow with a jar of oil and revived one child (I Kings 17), Elisha performs both wonders on a grander scale, then adds two miracles of public sustenance. The chapter thus establishes Elisha not merely as Eliyahu’s successor but as a prophet whose characteristic mode is chesed — meeting hunger, debt, bereavement, and famine with divine abundance.

The opening episode is brief but charged. A widow of one of the disciples of the prophets (bnei ha-nevi’im, בני הנביאים) cries out that a creditor is coming to seize her two sons as slaves. Rashi, following Midrash Tanchuma, identifies her as the wife of Ovadyah — the official who hid a hundred prophets from Izevel (I Kings 18:4) — and the creditor as Yehoram son of Achav, who had lent Ovadyah money at interest to feed those very prophets. On this reading the episode carries a bitter irony: the household impoverished by saving prophets is rescued by a prophet. The mechanics of the miracle are instructive. Elisha builds on what she has — ‘a jug of oil’ (asukh shamen, אסוך שמן) — and instructs her to shut the door, for, as Rashi comments on verse 4, it is the honor of a miracle that it come about in private. The midrash Rashi cites pictures the jug as a wellspring that must not be moved from its place; the oil flows until the empty vessels run out, suggesting that divine blessing is limited only by the capacity people prepare to receive it.

The Shunamite narrative is the chapter’s center of gravity and one of the great character studies in Nevi’im. She is introduced as an isha gedola (אשה גדולה), a woman of substance, and her greatness shows in deeds: she perceives Elisha’s holiness, builds him a small walled upper chamber (aliyat kir, עליית קיר) furnished with bed, table, chair, and lamp, and asks nothing in return. When Elisha offers to intercede with the king or the army commander, her answer — ‘I dwell among my own people’ (betoch ami anochi yoshavet, בתוך עמי אנכי יושבת) — has become a byword for contentment and quiet dignity. Gehazi identifies the one lack she will not name: she is childless and her husband is old. The annunciation scene deliberately echoes the promise to Sarah (Bereishit 18:10), down to the phrase ka-et chaya (כעת חיה). Radak, on verse 16, asks whether Elisha spoke from explicit prophecy or from his own confidence that God fulfills the decree of the righteous. Her anxious reply — ‘do not delude your maidservant’ — proves prescient, and Rashi reads it as a plea not merely for a son but for a son who will live.

When the child dies suddenly in his mother’s lap, the narrative becomes a study in faith under pressure. She tells no one — not her husband, not Gehazi — answering every inquiry with the single word shalom, and rides straight to Mount Carmel. Elisha’s admission, ‘God has hidden it from me and has not told me’ (verse 27), is a striking statement of the limits of prophecy: even the man of God sees only what Heaven shows him. The first rescue attempt fails. Gehazi, sent ahead with the prophet’s staff under strict orders of silence, accomplishes nothing; Radak preserves the midrash that Gehazi treated his mission as a joke, boasting along the way that he was going to revive the dead, and therefore it did not succeed. Elisha himself must come, and his method — shutting the door, praying to God, and stretching himself over the child, mouth to mouth, eyes to eyes, hands to hands — consciously reenacts Eliyahu’s revival of the widow’s son in I Kings 17:21. Radak observes that most miracles are performed with some natural means accompanying the prayer; the prophet’s warmth and the boy’s sevenfold sneeze mark a slow, almost laborious return of life, in contrast to the instantaneous wonders elsewhere in the chapter.

The closing scenes return to the disciples of the prophets amid famine. A well-meaning student gathers wild gourds that turn a communal stew lethal — ‘there is death in the pot!’ — and Elisha heals it with a handful of flour, the most ordinary of substances. Then a man from Baal-shalishah brings twenty loaves of first-crop barley bread, and Elisha orders them set before a hundred men, overriding his attendant’s protest with a divine promise: ‘they shall eat and have some left over’ (achol ve-hoter, אכול והותר), which the final verse confirms. These last miracles, modest beside resurrection, carry their own theology: in a kingdom where the house of Achav still reigns and famine stalks the land, God’s providence flows through the prophet into the kitchen and the storehouse. The chapter as a whole insists that the God of Israel is not only the God of fire on Carmel but the sustainer of widows, mothers, and hungry students — a theme the Elisha cycle will continue to develop through the healing of Naaman and the relief of besieged Shomron in the chapters ahead.


פרק ד׳ · Chapter 4

פסוק א׳ · Verse 1

Hebrew:

וְאִשָּׁ֣ה אַחַ֣ת מִנְּשֵׁ֣י בְנֵֽי־הַ֠נְּבִיאִ֠ים צָעֲקָ֨ה אֶל־אֱלִישָׁ֜ע לֵאמֹ֗ר עַבְדְּךָ֤ אִישִׁי֙ מֵ֔ת וְאַתָּ֣ה יָדַ֔עְתָּ כִּ֣י עַבְדְּךָ֔ הָיָ֥ה יָרֵ֖א אֶת־יְהֹוָ֑ה וְהַ֨נֹּשֶׁ֔ה בָּ֗א לָקַ֜חַת אֶת־שְׁנֵ֧י יְלָדַ֛י ל֖וֹ לַעֲבָדִֽים׃

English:

A certain woman, the wife of one of the disciples of the prophets, cried out to Elisha: “Your servant my husband is dead, and you know how your servant revered GOD. And now a creditor is coming to seize my two children as slaves.”

A widow of one of the disciples of the prophets cries out to Elisha: her God-fearing husband has died, and a creditor is coming to take her two sons as slaves. Rashi and Metzudat David cite the tradition that she was the wife of Ovadyah, who had borrowed at interest from Yehoram son of Achav to sustain the prophets he hid from Izevel.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
מִנְּשֵׁי בְנֵי הַנְּבִיאִים. אֵשֶׁת עוֹבַדְיָה הָיְתָה. כָּל 'בְּנֵי הַנְּבִיאִים' שֶׁבַּמִּקְרָא, תַּרְגּוּמוֹ: תַּלְמִידֵי נְבִיַּיָּא. וְהַנּשֶׁה. הוּא יְהוֹרָם בֶּן אַחְאָב, שֶׁהָיָה מַלְוֵהוּ בְּרִבִּית מַה שֶּׁזָּן אֶת הַנְּבִיאִים בִּימֵי אָבִיו, בְּמִדְרַשׁ רַבִּי תַּנְחוּמָא. לְכָךְ נֶאֱמַר: וַיַּךְ אֶת יְהוֹרָם בֵּין זְרוֹעָיו, שֶׁפָּשְׁטוּ לִטֹּל רִבִּית.
A wife of one of the disciples of the prophets. She was the wife of Ovadyoh. Every expression of 'בְּנֵי הַנְּבִיאִים' [lit., "the sons of the prophets"], in Scripture, is translated [by Targum Yonoson] as, "the disciples of the prophets."1See Targum above 2:3, 2:7 and 2:15. Now the creditor. He was Yehorom, son of Achov, who would lend him with interest, enabling him to sustain the prophets in his father's time [according to] Midrash Rabbi Tanchuma. Therefore it is stated, "And struck Yehorom between his arms,"2Below 9:24. which he stretched out to take interest.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
ואשה וכו׳. אמרו רבותינו ז״ל (זוהר חדש רות פב ב) שהיתה אשת עובדיה, והנושה היה יהורם בן אחאב, ובחיי אחאב הלוה לו ממון ברבית, לכלכל את הנביאים: לעבדים. בעבור חוב הממון:
Our sages of blessed memory said that this "certain" woman was the wife of Ovadia and the collector of the loan was Yehoram son of Achav, for in his lifetime Achav had lent her money with interest in order to financially support the prophets.

פסוק ב׳ · Verse 2

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר אֵלֶ֤יהָ אֱלִישָׁע֙ מָ֣ה אֶֽעֱשֶׂה־לָּ֔ךְ הַגִּ֣ידִי לִ֔י מַה־יֶּשׁ־[לָ֖ךְ] (לכי) בַּבָּ֑יִת וַתֹּ֗אמֶר אֵ֣ין לְשִׁפְחָתְךָ֥ כֹל֙ בַּבַּ֔יִת כִּ֖י אִם־אָס֥וּךְ שָֽׁמֶן׃

English:

Elisha said to her, “What can I do for you? Tell me, what have you in the house?” She replied, “Your maidservant has nothing at all in the house, except a jug of oil.”

Elisha asks what she has in the house, and she answers: nothing but a single jug of oil. Rashi explains that an asukh is a small vessel holding just enough oil for anointing — the miracle will be built on this last remnant of her possessions.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
אָסוּךְ שָׁמֶן. כְּדֵי סִיכַת שֶׁמֶן, וְהָאָלֶ"ף בַּתֵּבָה מִן הַיְּסוֹד, כְּמוֹ אָלֶ"ף שֶל וְאַחְוָתִי בְּאָזְנֵיכֶם, וְהָאָלֶ"ף שֶׁל אִבְחַת חָרֶב.
A jar of oil. Enough oil for anointment [=אָסוּךְ], and the 'א' is part of the root,3Alternatively, the root is סוך, and the 'א' is an added prefix.—Radak like the 'א' of, "and my speech [=וְאַחְוָתִי] in your ears,"4Iyov 13:17. and the 'א' of, "the dread [=אִבְחַת] of those struck down by the sword."5Yechezkeil 21:20.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
מה יש לך. לשיהא הברכה שורה בו: כל בבית. כלל לא:
The blessing will settle on him Nothing at all

פסוק ג׳ · Verse 3

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֗אמֶר לְכִ֨י שַׁאֲלִי־לָ֤ךְ כֵּלִים֙ מִן־הַח֔וּץ מֵאֵ֖ת כׇּל־[שְׁכֵנָ֑יִךְ] (שכנכי) כֵּלִ֥ים רֵקִ֖ים אַל־תַּמְעִֽיטִי׃

English:

“Go,” he said, “and borrow vessels outside, from all your neighbors, empty vessels, as many as you can.

Elisha tells her to borrow empty vessels from all her neighbors — and not too few. Metzudat David stresses the closing words: the only limit on the coming blessing will be the number of vessels she gathers.
Commentaries (1)
מצודת דודMetzudat David
מן החוץ. מן האנשים שחוץ לביתך, ולתוספות ביאור אמר: מאת כל שכניך: אל תמעיטי. אל תשאלי מעט כי אם הרבה כלים:
From people outside your house, and as an additional clarification, he said to her, "from every single one of you're neighbors".

פסוק ד׳ · Verse 4

Hebrew:

וּבָ֗את וְסָגַ֤רְתְּ הַדֶּ֙לֶת֙ בַּעֲדֵ֣ךְ וּבְעַד־בָּנַ֔יִךְ וְיָצַ֕קְתְּ עַ֥ל כׇּל־הַכֵּלִ֖ים הָאֵ֑לֶּה וְהַמָּלֵ֖א תַּסִּֽיעִי׃

English:

Then go in and shut the door behind you and your children, and pour [oil] into all those vessels, removing each one as it is filled.”

She is to shut the door behind herself and her sons and pour from the one jug into all the vessels. Rashi explains that a miracle is honored when it comes about in private, and cites the midrash that the jug became like a wellspring that must not be moved from its place — a point Radak echoes, noting that a miracle continues only where it began.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
וְסָגַרְתְּ הַדֶּלֶת. כְּבוֹד הַנֵּס הוּא לָבֹא בְּהֶצְנֵעַ. וְהַמָּלֵא תַּסִּיעִי. מִלְּפָנַיִךְ, וְתִתְּנִי כְּלִי אַחֵר בִּמְקוֹמוֹ לְמַלּאוֹתוֹ, וּצְלוֹחִית הַשֶּׁמֶן לֹא תָזִיזִי מִמְּקוֹמוֹ, לְפִי שֶׁהַקָּבָּ"ה עוֹשֵׂהוּ כְּמַעְיָן, וְאֵין דֶּרֶךְ מַעְיָן לְזוּזוֹ מִמְּקוֹמוֹ, מִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה שָׁמַעְתִּי.
And close the door. [It affords] respect to the miracle [if] it comes about in secret. And the full one[s] you shall remove. From before you, and you shall place another vessel in its place to fill it, but you must not move the jug of oil from its place, for the Holy One, Blessed Is He, is making it as a spring, and it is not customary to move a spring from its place.6Alternatively, she must not move the jug of oil because a miracle continues only in the place where it started.—Radak I heard this Midrash Aggadah.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
והמלא תסיעי. הכלי אשר תמלא, תסיעי ממקומה, להעמיד האחר תחתיה, ולא תזוז האסוך ממקומה, על כי האסוך נעשה כמעין, ואין מדרך המעין לזוז:
Do not ask for a little, for there are a lot of vessels

פסוק ה׳ · Verse 5

Hebrew:

וַתֵּ֙לֶךְ֙ מֵֽאִתּ֔וֹ וַתִּסְגֹּ֣ר הַדֶּ֔לֶת בַּעֲדָ֖הּ וּבְעַ֣ד בָּנֶ֑יהָ הֵ֛ם מַגִּישִׁ֥ים אֵלֶ֖יהָ וְהִ֥יא (מיצקת) [מוֹצָֽקֶת]׃

English:

She went away and shut the door behind her and her children. They kept bringing [vessels] to her and she kept pouring.

The woman obeys exactly: she shuts the door, her sons keep bringing vessels, and she keeps pouring from the single jug. Metzudat David notes that the sons brought the vessels to her because she could not move from her place with the jug.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
הֵם מַגִּישִׁים אֵלֶיהָ. הַכֵּלִים.
They would bring [the containers] to her. The vessels.7They even brought her broken vessels and miraculously they became whole. These too were filled with oil.—Radak
מצודת דודMetzudat David
הם מגישים. את הכלים הריקים, כי היא לא זזה ממקומה עם האסוך:
They brought her the empty vessels because she didn't move from her place with her oil jug

פסוק ו׳ · Verse 6

Hebrew:

וַיְהִ֣י ׀ כִּמְלֹ֣את הַכֵּלִ֗ים וַתֹּ֤אמֶר אֶל־בְּנָהּ֙ הַגִּ֨ישָׁה אֵלַ֥י עוֹד֙ כֶּ֔לִי וַיֹּ֣אמֶר אֵלֶ֔יהָ אֵ֥ין ע֖וֹד כֶּ֑לִי וַֽיַּעֲמֹ֖ד הַשָּֽׁמֶן׃

English:

When the vessels were full, she said to her son, “Bring me another vessel.” He answered her, “There are no more vessels”; and the oil stopped.

When the last vessel is full, the oil stops flowing — the miracle is bounded only by the vessels prepared for it. Rashi cites a midrashic reading that at that moment the price of oil rose, increasing the value of what she had received.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
וַיַּעֲמֹד הַשָּׁמֶן. מִלָּבֹא עוֹד, וּמִדְרַשׁ אַגָּדָה: הוֹקִיר שַׁעַר הַשֶּׁמֶן.
Then the oil stopped. From coming anymore. [According to] Midrash Aggadah, the price of oil went up.8Bereishis Rabbah 35:3.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
הכלים. אשר שאלה: הגישה וכו׳. כי לא ידעה אשר כבר נתמלאו כולם: ויעמוד השמן. לא היה נשפך עוד:
that she had borrowed

פסוק ז׳ · Verse 7

Hebrew:

וַתָּבֹ֗א וַתַּגֵּד֙ לְאִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וַיֹּ֗אמֶר לְכִי֙ מִכְרִ֣י אֶת־הַשֶּׁ֔מֶן וְשַׁלְּמִ֖י אֶת־[נִשְׁיֵ֑ךְ] (נשיכי) וְאַ֣תְּ (בניכי) [וּבָנַ֔יִךְ] תִּֽחְיִ֖י בַּנּוֹתָֽר׃ {פ}

English:

She came and told the agent of God, and he said, “Go sell the oil and pay your debt, and you and your children can live on the rest.”

She reports to Elisha, who tells her to sell the oil, pay the debt, and live with her sons on the remainder. Rashi explains that she came for guidance on whether to sell now or wait for the price to climb, and that the prophet assured her there was enough both for the debt and for a livelihood.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
וַתָּבֹא וַתַּגֵּד וְגוֹ'. בָּאת לִטֹּל עֵצָה, אִם לִמְכֹּר אִם לְהַמְתִּין עַד שֶׁיּוּקַר עוֹד, אָמַר לָהּ לְכִי מִכְרִי, כִּי יֵשׁ דַּי לְכָל נִשְׁיֵךְ, וְלִחְיוֹת אַתְּ וּבָנַיִךְ בַּנּוֹתָר, עַד שֶׁיִּחְיוּ הַמֵּתִים.
She came and told, etc. She came for advice, whether to sell [the oil] or to wait until it would become even more expensive. He said to her, "Go sell, for there is enough [to pay] all your debt, and for you and your sons to live with the remainder, until the dead are resurrected."9He blessed them with eternal life, i.e., life until the Resurrection of the Dead.—Malbim
מצודת דודMetzudat David
בנותר. בדמי השמן על דמי החוב:
What is left of the oil goes to your debt

פסוק ח׳ · Verse 8

Hebrew:

וַיְהִ֨י הַיּ֜וֹם וַיַּעֲבֹ֧ר אֱלִישָׁ֣ע אֶל־שׁוּנֵ֗ם וְשָׁם֙ אִשָּׁ֣ה גְדוֹלָ֔ה וַתַּחֲזֶק־בּ֖וֹ לֶאֱכׇל־לָ֑חֶם וַֽיְהִי֙ מִדֵּ֣י עׇבְר֔וֹ יָסֻ֥ר שָׁ֖מָּה לֶאֱכׇל־לָֽחֶם׃

English:

One day Elisha visited Shunem. A wealthy woman lived there, and she urged him to have a meal; and whenever he passed by, he would stop there for a meal.

The scene shifts to Shunem, where a prominent woman urges Elisha to eat at her home, and he makes it his regular stop. Rashi cites Pirkei deRabbi Eliezer that she was the sister of Avishag the Shunamite, and explains isha gedola as an important, esteemed woman.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
וְשָׁם אִשָּׁה גְדוֹלָה. חֲשׁוּבָה, וְרָאִיתִי בְּפִרְקֵי דְרַבִּי אֱלִיעֶזֶר: אֲחוֹתָהּ שֶל אֲבִישַׁג הַשּׁוּנַמִּית הָיְתָה. וַיְהִי מִדֵּי עָבְרוֹ. בְּאוֹתָהּ הָעִיר, יָסוּר אֶל בֵּיתָהּ לֶאֱכֹל לָחֶם. יָסֻר. לְשׁוֹן הוֶֹה, הָיָה סָר שָׁם.
There [lived] a prominent woman. [I.e.,] an important [woman]. And I saw in Pirkei of Rabbi Eliezer,10Chapter 23. that she was the sister of Avishag the Shunamis.11See I Melochim 1:1-4.12She is also identified as the mother of Iddo the prophet.—Radak See I Melochim 13:1 and Rashi there. Thereafter, whenever he passed through. In that city, he would stop at her house to eat a meal. He would go. [יור is] the present tense, [i.e.,] he would go there.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
ויהי היום. רצה לומר: בא היום אשר עבר אלישע אל שונם: אשה גדולה. אשה חשובה: ויהי מדי עברו. מיום ההוא והלאה, מדי עברו וכו׳:
He wanted to say, come on the day that Elisha passed through Sunam

פסוק ט׳ · Verse 9

Hebrew:

וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־אִישָׁ֔הּ הִנֵּה־נָ֣א יָדַ֔עְתִּי כִּ֛י אִ֥ישׁ אֱלֹהִ֖ים קָד֣וֹשׁ ה֑וּא עֹבֵ֥ר עָלֵ֖ינוּ תָּמִֽיד׃

English:

Once she said to her husband, “I am sure it is a holy agent of God who comes this way regularly.

She tells her husband she is certain their regular guest is a holy man of God. Rashi cites the Gemara in Berakhot: she discerned his holiness from the purity of his conduct, and from here the sages derived that a woman recognizes the character of guests better than her husband does.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
הִנֵּה נָא יָדַעְתִּי. שֶׁלֹּא רָאֲתָה זְבוּב עַל שֻׁלְחָנוֹ, וּקֶרִי עַל סְדִינוֹ.
"Behold, now I know." Because she never saw a fly at his table or semen on his sheet.13Maseches Berachos 10b. From here we derive that a woman recognizes her guests better than her husband does.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
הנה נא ידעתי. מכירה אני בו שהוא איש קדוש, ואין מהראוי לשבת אתנו יחד ואמרו רבותינו ז״ל (ברכות יב): האשה מכרת באורחים יותר מן האיש: עובר. אף הוא עובר עלינו תמיד, בכל עת בואו פה, ואיך ישב עמנו יחד פעמים רבות:
I recognize that he is a holy man, and it is not important enough to sit with us on the table, and he said to the congregation "remember to bless and the women remember about the guests over the men.

פסוק י׳ · Verse 10

Hebrew:

נַעֲשֶׂה־נָּ֤א עֲלִיַּת־קִיר֙ קְטַנָּ֔ה וְנָשִׂ֨ים ל֥וֹ שָׁ֛ם מִטָּ֥ה וְשֻׁלְחָ֖ן וְכִסֵּ֣א וּמְנוֹרָ֑ה וְהָיָ֛ה בְּבֹא֥וֹ אֵלֵ֖ינוּ יָס֥וּר שָֽׁמָּה׃

English:

Let us make a small enclosed upper chamberaenclosed upper chamber Or “upper wall-chamber”; lit. “an upper chamber of wall(s).” and place a bed, a table, a chair, and a lampstand there for him, so that he can stop there whenever he comes to us.”

She proposes building a small walled upper chamber furnished with a bed, table, chair, and lamp, so the prophet can lodge there whenever he passes. Metzudat David explains that the room was meant to let him seclude himself in privacy — hospitality calibrated to the guest's needs.
Commentaries (1)
מצודת דודMetzudat David
עלית קיר. עליה קטנה בנויה בקיר אבנים, בנין מעולה: יסור שמה. להתבודד בחדרו לבד:
To get lonely in his room; alone

פסוק י״א · Verse 11

Hebrew:

וַיְהִ֥י הַיּ֖וֹם וַיָּ֣בֹא שָׁ֑מָּה וַיָּ֥סַר אֶל־הָעֲלִיָּ֖ה וַיִּשְׁכַּב־שָֽׁמָּה׃

English:

One day he came there; he retired to the upper chamber and lay down there.

One day Elisha arrives, retires to the upper chamber, and lies down — the room built for him is now in use, setting the stage for the reward he will seek to give his hostess.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
וַיְהִי הַיּוֹם. וַיְהִי יוֹם אֶחָד.
And the day came. And it was one day.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
ויהי היום. בא היום אשר בא שמה, אחרי עשותה את העליה:
Come today and then go there after you went up

פסוק י״ב · Verse 12

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־גֵּיחֲזִ֣י נַעֲר֔וֹ קְרָ֖א לַשּׁוּנַמִּ֣ית הַזֹּ֑את וַיִּ֨קְרָא־לָ֔הּ וַֽתַּעֲמֹ֖ד לְפָנָֽיו׃

English:

He said to his servant Gehazi, “Call that Shunammite.” He called her, and she stood before him.


פסוק י״ג · Verse 13

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֣אמֶר ל֗וֹ אֱמׇר־נָ֣א אֵלֶ֘יהָ֮ הִנֵּ֣ה חָרַ֣דְתְּ ׀ אֵלֵ֘ינוּ֮ אֶת־כׇּל־הַחֲרָדָ֣ה הַזֹּאת֒ מֶ֚ה לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת לָ֔ךְ הֲיֵ֤שׁ לְדַבֶּר־לָךְ֙ אֶל־הַמֶּ֔לֶךְ א֖וֹ אֶל־שַׂ֣ר הַצָּבָ֑א וַתֹּ֕אמֶר בְּת֥וֹךְ עַמִּ֖י אָנֹכִ֥י יֹשָֽׁבֶת׃

English:

He said to him, “Tell her, ‘You have gone to all this trouble for us. What can we do for you? Can we speak in your behalf to the king or to the army commander?’” She replied, “I live among my own people.”

Elisha offers, through Gehazi, to speak on her behalf to the king or the army commander, but she declines: 'I live among my own people.' Rashi explains that dwelling among her relatives she suffers no wrong and needs no royal favor; her answer has become a model of contentment.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
חָרַדְתְּ אֵלֵינוּ. בִּשְׁבִילֵנוּ. אֶת כָּל הַחֲרָדָה הַזֹּאת. לָשׂוּם אֶל לִבֵּךְ אֶת הָעֵסֶק הַזֶּה, כְּמוֹ: וְחָרֵד עַל דְּבָרִי, זָהִיר עַל הַדָּבָר שֶׁיְּהֵא עָשׂוּי, וְנוֹתְנוֹ אֶל לִבּוֹ. מֶה לַעֲשׂוֹת לָךְ. מָה אַתְּ צְרִיכָה שֶׁנַּעֲשֶׂה לָךְ, שֶׁבִּשְׁבִילֵנוּ עָסַקְתְּ כָּל זֶה. בְּתוֹךְ עַמִּי. בְּתוֹךְ קְרוֹבַי, אֵין אָדָם מַזִּיקֵנִי, אֵינִי צְרִיכָה לְמֶלֶךְ וְלֹא לְשַׂר הַצָּבָא.
You have busied yourself with us. On our account. With all this attention. To put your heart into this task, as in, "and shudders [=וחרד] concerning My word,"14Yeshayahu 66:2. [i.e.,] is diligent concerning the task that it be accomplished, and puts his heart into it. What can be done for you? What do you need that we do for you, for you busied yourself on our account. "In the midst of my people." Among my relatives, [i.e.,] no one harms me. I have no need for the king or for the general of the army.15Alternatively, "I dwell among my relatives and they can speak to the king on my behalf if necessary."—Radak
מצודת דודMetzudat David
אמר וכו׳. לא רצה לדבר עם האשה פנים אל פנים: הנה חרדת וכו׳. רצה לומר: בעבור שאת מטרחת עצמך הטרחה הזאת בעבורינו, ומהו הגמול לעשות לך, האם יש לך דבר מה לדבר בעבורך אל המלך וכו׳: בתוך עמי. רצה לומר: אני יושבת בתוך בני משפחתי, ואין מי מהם עושה רעה עמדי, לשאצטרך לקבול ולהתרעם על מי:
He didn't want to speak with the woman face to face. As if to say, 'I dwell among my family and nobody wants to harm us, and i don't need anyone's help to antagonize someone.'

פסוק י״ד · Verse 14

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֕אמֶר וּמֶ֖ה לַעֲשׂ֣וֹת לָ֑הּ וַיֹּ֣אמֶר גֵּיחֲזִ֗י אֲבָ֛ל בֵּ֥ן אֵֽין־לָ֖הּ וְאִישָׁ֥הּ זָקֵֽן׃

English:

“What then can be done for her?” he asked. “The fact is,” said Gehazi, “she has no son, and her husband is old.”

Elisha presses: what then can be done for her? Gehazi identifies the one lack she would not name — she has no son, and her husband is old. Radak explains that Gehazi meant this was the only gift she truly needed, and that time was short given her husband's age.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
וַיֹּאמֶר אֱלִישָׁע. לְגֵיחֲזִי. וּמֶה לַעֲשׂוֹת לָהּ. נֶגֶד הַטּוֹבָה הַזֹּאת.
And he said. Elisha [said] to Geichazi. "Then what is there to do for her?" To reciprocate for this favor.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
ומה לעשות לה. אחר שהלכה מפניו שאל לגיחזי ומהו אם כן הגמול שאעשה לה: אבל. באמת יש מקום לעשות לה גמול, כי אין לה בן, ואישה זקן, ובדרך הטבע לא תלד עוד, ואם תלד על ידך בן, יחשב לגמול רב:
After she went before him, to Gehzi, and what is this kindness they are doing to her. Truthfully, he had the right to be kind, because she had no son, and she was an old woman , and by the way of nature she cant give birth again and if you give birth to another son it would be a great gift.

פסוק ט״ו · Verse 15

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֖אמֶר קְרָא־לָ֑הּ וַיִּ֨קְרָא־לָ֔הּ וַֽתַּעֲמֹ֖ד בַּפָּֽתַח׃

English:

“Call her,” he said. He called her, and she stood in the doorway.

Elisha has her called again, and she stands in the doorway. Metzudat David notes her modesty: seeing that the prophet did not speak with her face to face, she kept her distance at the threshold.
Commentaries (1)
מצודת דודMetzudat David
בפתח. בראותה שאיננו מדבר עמה פנים אל פנים הוסיפה להתרחק, ועמדה בפתח:
When she saw that he wasn't speaking to her face to face, she distanced herself and stood out in the doorway

פסוק ט״ז · Verse 16

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֗אמֶר לַמּוֹעֵ֤ד הַזֶּה֙ כָּעֵ֣ת חַיָּ֔ה (אתי) [אַ֖תְּ] חֹבֶ֣קֶת בֵּ֑ן וַתֹּ֗אמֶר אַל־אֲדֹנִי֙ אִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים אַל־תְּכַזֵּ֖ב בְּשִׁפְחָתֶֽךָ׃

English:

And Elisha said, “At this season next year, you will be embracing a son.” She replied, “Please, my lord, agent of God, do not delude your maidservant.”

Elisha promises that at this season next year she will embrace a son, and she pleads: 'do not delude your maidservant.' Rashi reads her words as a plea for a child who will live — a fear the narrative will soon vindicate — while Radak discusses whether Elisha spoke from prophecy or from confidence that God fulfills the decree of the righteous.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
לַמּוֹעֵד הַזֶּה כָּעֵת חַיָּה. כְּמוֹ שֶׁאַתְּ קַיֶּמֶת הַיּוֹם וּלְשָׁלוֹם, כָּךְ תְּהִי קַיֶּמֶת לַמּוֹעֵד הַזֶּה, וְחוֹבֶקֶת בֵּן. אַל אֲדֹנִי. אַל תֹּאמַר חוֹבֶקֶת בֵּן, מַה לִּי חִבּוּקוֹ אִם סוֹפִי לְקָבְרוֹ, וְזֶה שֶׁאָמְרָה לּוֹ כְּשֶׁמֵּת הֲלֹא אָמַרְתִּי לֹא תַשְׁלֶה אוֹתִי. אַל תְּכַזֵּב. אַל תַּרְאֵנִי דָּבָר שֶׁיִּפְסֹק, יֵשׁ בְּיָדְךָ לְבַקֵּשׁ רַחֲמִים וְיִנָּתֵן לִי בֵּן, אַךְ בְּבַקָּשָׁה מִמְּךָ אַל תִּתֵּן לִי אֶלָּא בֵּן שֶׁל קַיָּמָא. אַל תְּכַזֵּב. כְּמוֹ: לֹא יְכַזְּבוּ מֵימָיו.
"At this season [next year] when the time comes to give birth." Just as you are alive and well today, so will you be alive at this season [next year]16I.e., Elisha was guaranteeing her future health by comparing it to her present state of health. Alternatively, חַיָּה refers to a woman who gives birth and כָּעֵת חַיָּה refers to a nine month span, the normal period of pregnancy. Elisha told her that the baby will be born after fully developing in the womb.—Metzudas Dovid at this time and embracing a son. "Do not my master." Do not say, "embracing a son." Why do I need to embrace him if I will end up burying him?17She suspected that her son would survive for only a short period because the prophet used the expression "you will be hugging a son" instead of "you will have a son," the expression used by the angels when they told Avrohom that Sarah will bear him a son. See Bereishis 18:10.—Malbim This is what she said to him when he died, "Did I not say, 'Do not mislead me'?" Do not deceive. Do not show me something that will fail. You have power to beg mercy, so that a son will be given to me. But I beg you, do not give me [any child], rather a child who will live. Do not deceive. Like "whose waters will not fail."18Yeshayahu 58:11.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
למועד הזה כעת חיה. רצה לומר: לזמן הבא כעת הראויה להיות חיה רוצה לומר: יולדת, והיא ככלות תשעה חדשים, שהם ימי הריון: את חובקת בן. רצה לומר: תשעשע עצמך עם בנך לחבקו, ואף כי בתחלה לא דבר עמה פנים אל פנים, אבל אחר שראה צניעותה שעמדה בפתח, חזר לדבר עמה: אל אדוני. אל תדבר כדברים האלה: אל תכזב. אל תאמר דבר הנפסק, בעבור לשמח לב שפחתך, ועל כי אמר חובקת בן, המורה לשעשוע מה, ולא הבטיחה שיתקיים, לזה אמרה אל תשמחני בדבר שאינו מתקיים:
As if to say, in the time to come, at the time it is appropriate to be "alive" ( meaning a woman who is giving birth) and at the end of nine months are the days of pregnancy.

פסוק י״ז · Verse 17

Hebrew:

וַתַּ֥הַר הָאִשָּׁ֖ה וַתֵּ֣לֶד בֵּ֑ן לַמּוֹעֵ֤ד הַזֶּה֙ כָּעֵ֣ת חַיָּ֔ה אֲשֶׁר־דִּבֶּ֥ר אֵלֶ֖יהָ א��לִישָֽׁע׃

English:

The woman conceived and bore a son at the same season the following year, as Elisha had assured her.

The promise is fulfilled exactly: she conceives and bears a son at the same season the following year, just as Elisha had said — the language echoes the annunciation to Sarah in Bereishit.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
כָּעֵת חַיָּה. כָּעֵת הַזֹּאת שֶׁהָיְתָה בְחַיִּים וּבְשָׁלוֹם, וּלְכָךְ נָקוּד כָּעֵת.
When the time was for her to give birth. Like this time when she was alive and well. Therefore, the word is voweled [to mean], like "this" time.19I.e., the 'כ' is voweled with a קָמַץ instead of a שְׁוָא.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
אשר דבר. כפי אשר דבר אלישע:
According to what Elisha said

פסוק י״ח · Verse 18

Hebrew:

וַיִּגְדַּ֖ל הַיָּ֑לֶד וַיְהִ֣י הַיּ֔וֹם וַיֵּצֵ֥א אֶל־אָבִ֖יו אֶל־הַקֹּצְרִֽים׃

English:

The child grew up. One day, he went out to his father among the reapers.

The child grows, and one day goes out to his father among the reapers — an idyllic harvest scene about to turn to tragedy.
Commentaries (1)
מצודת דודMetzudat David
ויהי היום. בא היום אשר יצא אל אביו, כשהוא עומד על הקוצרים:
That same day he went out to his father while he was standing next to the reapers.

פסוק י״ט · Verse 19

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֥אמֶר אֶל־אָבִ֖יו רֹאשִׁ֣י ׀ רֹאשִׁ֑י וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־הַנַּ֔עַר שָׂאֵ֖הוּ אֶל־אִמּֽוֹ׃

English:

[Suddenly] he cried to his father, “Oh, my head, my head!” He said to a servant, “Carry him to his mother.”

The boy suddenly cries 'My head, my head!' and his father has a servant carry him to his mother. Radak notes that doubling the cry is the way of those in pain, comparing Yirmiyahu's 'my bowels, my bowels.'
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
רֹאשִׁי רֹאשִׁי. הִנְנִי חוֹלֶה בְּרֹאשִׁי. וַיֹּאמֶר. אָבִיו אֶל אֶחָד מִן הַנְּעָרִים, שָׂאֵהוּ אֶל אִמּוֹ.
"My head! My head!" I am sick in my head.20It is common for those in pain to repeat their cries; see Yirmiyahu 4:19.—Radak He said. His father said to one of the servants, "Carry him to his mother."
מצודת דודMetzudat David
ראשי ראשי. יש לי כאב בראש, וכפל המלה כדרך הנוהם מכאב, כמו (יריה ד יט): מעי מעי אוחילה:
I have pain in my head, and the word was doubled in the manner of someone who is groaning with pain, like it says my bowels, my bowels I write in pain.

פסוק כ׳ · Verse 20

Hebrew:

וַיִּ֨שָּׂאֵ֔הוּ וַיְבִיאֵ֖הוּ אֶל־אִמּ֑וֹ וַיֵּ֧שֶׁב עַל־בִּרְכֶּ֛יהָ עַד־הַֽצׇּהֳרַ֖יִם וַיָּמֹֽת׃

English:

He picked him up and brought him to his mother. And the child sat on her lap until noon; and he died.


פסוק כ״א · Verse 21

Hebrew:

וַתַּ֙עַל֙ וַתַּשְׁכִּבֵ֔הוּ עַל־מִטַּ֖ת אִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֑ים וַתִּסְגֹּ֥ר בַּעֲד֖וֹ וַתֵּצֵֽא׃

English:

She took him up and laid him on the bed of the agent of God, and left him and closed the door.


פסוק כ״ב · Verse 22

Hebrew:

וַתִּקְרָא֮ אֶל־אִישָׁהּ֒ וַתֹּ֗אמֶר שִׁלְחָ֨ה נָ֥א לִי֙ אֶחָ֣ד מִן־הַנְּעָרִ֔ים וְאַחַ֖ת הָאֲתֹנ֑וֹת וְאָר֛וּצָה עַד־אִ֥ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים וְאָשֽׁוּבָה׃

English:

Then she called to her husband: “Please, send me one of the servants and one of the jennies, so I can hurry to the agent of God and back.”


פסוק כ״ג · Verse 23

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֗אמֶר מַ֠דּ֠וּעַ (אתי) [אַ֣תְּ] (הלכתי) [הֹלֶ֤כֶת] אֵלָיו֙ הַיּ֔וֹם לֹא־חֹ֖דֶשׁ וְלֹ֣א שַׁבָּ֑ת וַתֹּ֖אמֶר שָׁלֽוֹם׃

English:

But he said, “Why are you going to him today? It is neither new moon nor sabbath.” She answered, ���It’s all right.”bIt’s all right Heb. shalom.

Her husband wonders why she is going to the prophet when it is neither New Moon nor Shabbat; she answers only 'shalom.' Radak cites the sages who derived from this verse the duty to greet one's teacher on such days, and Metzudat David explains that she concealed the death, preferring that the miracle be sought in privacy.

פסוק כ״ד · Verse 24

Hebrew:

וַֽתַּחֲבֹשׁ֙ הָאָת֔וֹן וַתֹּ֥אמֶר אֶֽל־נַעֲרָ֖הּ נְהַ֣ג וָלֵ֑ךְ אַל־תַּעֲצׇר־לִ֣י לִרְכֹּ֔ב כִּ֖י אִם־אָמַ֥רְתִּי לָֽךְ׃

English:

She had the jenny saddled, and said to her servant, “Urge it on;cUrge it on The servant runs behind the donkey and urges it on with a stick. see that I don’t slow down unless I tell you.”

She saddles the donkey and orders her servant to drive on at full speed, slowing only at her command. Radak records both views of the scene — that she rode while the servant urged the animal on, or that she walked behind it in her anguish.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
נְהַג וָלֵךְ. מַהֵר. אַל תַּעֲצָר לִי. אַל תְּעַכֵּב עַל יָדִי אֶת הָרְכִיבָה.
"Drive and go on." [I.e.,] hurry. Do not hold back from riding because of me. Do not hold back the riding [pace] because of me.21Some say she walked alongside the donkey and others say she rode the donkey.—Radak
מצודת דודMetzudat David
ותחבוש. קשרה האוכף: נהג ולך. נהג האתון ולך אתה, ואל תתעכב בעבורי, שארכב אני בה, כי אם כאשר אומר לך עמוד, אז תעמוד:
Tied the saddle. Ride the donkey and go and don't delay for my sake (thinking) that I may want to mount it, but when I tell you stop, stop.

פסוק כ״ה · Verse 25

Hebrew:

וַתֵּ֗לֶךְ וַתָּבֹ֛א אֶל־אִ֥ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֖ים אֶל־הַ֣ר הַכַּרְמֶ֑ל וַ֠יְהִ֠י כִּרְא֨וֹת אִישׁ־הָאֱלֹהִ֤ים אֹתָהּ֙ מִנֶּ֔גֶד וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֶל־גֵּיחֲזִ֣י נַעֲר֔וֹ הִנֵּ֖ה הַשּׁוּנַמִּ֥ית הַלָּֽז׃

English:

She went on until she came to the agent of God on Mount Carmel. When the agent of God saw her from afar, he said to his servant Gehazi, “There is that Shunammite.

She rides straight to Mount Carmel, and Elisha, seeing her from afar, points her out to Gehazi — the prophet senses something unusual in her unscheduled arrival.
Commentaries (1)
מצודת דודMetzudat David
מנגד. מרחוק: הנה השונמית הלז. רצה לומר: הזאת הבאה, היא השונמית:
From a distance. As if to say, the following one is the Shunamit.

פסוק כ״ו · Verse 26

Hebrew:

עַתָּה֮ רֽוּץ־נָ֣א לִקְרָאתָהּ֒ וֶאֱמׇר־לָ֗הּ הֲשָׁל֥וֹם לָ֛ךְ הֲשָׁל֥וֹם לְאִישֵׁ֖ךְ הֲשָׁל֣וֹם לַיָּ֑לֶד וַתֹּ֖אמֶר שָׁלֽוֹם׃

English:

Go, hurry toward her and ask her, ‘How are you? How is your husband? How is the child?’” “We are well,” she replied.

Elisha sends Gehazi running to ask after her, her husband, and the child, and she answers simply 'shalom.' Rashi notes this is an abbreviated verse — the text skips the asking and records only her answer — and she reveals nothing until she reaches the prophet himself.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
וַתֹּאמֶר שָׁלוֹם. הֲרֵי זֶה מִקְרָא קָצָר, שֶׁהֲרֵי הָיָה לוֹ לִכְתֹּב, וַיִּשְׁאַל לָהּ וַתֹּאמֶר שָׁלוֹם.
And she said, "[All is] well." This is an abbreviated verse, for it should have been written, "And he asked her, and she said, 'We are well.'"
מצודת דודMetzudat David
ותאמר שלום. אחר ששאלה, אמרה לו הכל שלום, ולא רצתה לגלות גם אליו:
Then he asked her, she said to him all is well, and she didn't want to reveal it to him also.

פסוק כ״ז · Verse 27

Hebrew:

וַתָּבֹ֞א אֶל־אִ֤ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִים֙ אֶל־הָהָ֔ר וַֽתַּחֲזֵ֖ק בְּרַגְלָ֑יו וַיִּגַּ֨שׁ גֵּיחֲזִ֜י לְהׇדְפָ֗הּ וַיֹּ֩אמֶר֩ אִ֨ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֤ים הַרְפֵּה־לָהּ֙ כִּֽי־נַפְשָׁ֣הּ מָֽרָה־לָ֔הּ וַֽיהֹוָה֙ הֶעְלִ֣ים מִמֶּ֔נִּי וְ��ֹ֥א הִגִּ֖יד לִֽי׃

English:

But when she came up to the agent of God on the mountain, she clasped his feet. Gehazi stepped forward to push her away; but the agent of God said, “Let her alone, for she is in bitter distress; and GOD has hidden it from me and has not told me.”

Reaching Elisha, she clasps his feet; Gehazi moves to push her away, but Elisha stops him: 'she is in bitter distress, and God has hidden it from me.' Radak explains that only at that moment was the matter revealed to him in prophecy — a striking admission of the limits of prophetic knowledge.
Commentaries (1)
מצודת דודMetzudat David
להדפה. בעבור כבוד הנביא, שלא תחזיק ברגליו: הרפה לה. תן לה רפיון ואל תהדפנה, כי עושה כזאת בעבור מרירות נפשה, ולא ידעתי מה היא, כי ה׳ העלים ממני בעת נהיתה, וגם עתה לא הגיד לי:
In the passing of the Navi's honor, do not hold his leg. Give to her weakness and don't thrust her away, because it has been done by her bitter soul, and I didn't know because Hashem hid it from me in this time, and also now it was not told to me.

פסוק כ״ח · Verse 28

Hebrew:

וַתֹּ֕אמֶר הֲשָׁאַ֥לְתִּי בֵ֖ן מֵאֵ֣ת אֲדֹנִ֑י הֲלֹ֣א אָמַ֔רְתִּי לֹ֥א תַשְׁלֶ֖ה אֹתִֽי׃

English:

Then she said, “Did I ask my lord for a son? Didn’t I say: ‘Don’t mislead me’?”

Her grief finally breaks into words: 'Did I ask my lord for a son? Did I not say: do not mislead me?' Rashi connects this directly to her plea at the annunciation — better no child at all than a child given and then taken away.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
הֲלֹא אָמַרְתִּי. לְךָ, אַל תְּכַזֵּב בְּשִׁפְחָתֶךָ. לֹא תַשְׁלֶה. לֹא תַשְׁגֶּה אוֹתִי עַל דְּבַר טָעוּת.
Did I not say. To you, "Do not deceive your maidservant"?22Below v. 16. "Do not mislead"? Do not mislead me concerning a mistake.23Alternatively, Gא תַשְׁגֶּה means "do not grieve me."—Targum
מצודת דודMetzudat David
השאלתי. וכי שאלתי אני על הבן, עד שבעל כרחי הבטחתני אף בדבר שאינו מתקיים: הלא אמרתי. בעת ההבטחה אמרתי, אל תטעה אותי, להבטיח לי דבר הנפסק:
And did I ask for a son until you forced me to promise something that I couldn't do.

פסוק כ״ט · Verse 29

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֨אמֶר לְגֵיחֲזִ֜י חֲגֹ֣ר מׇתְנֶ֗יךָ וְקַ֨ח מִשְׁעַנְתִּ֣י בְיָדְךָ֮ וָלֵךְ֒ כִּי־תִמְצָ֥א אִישׁ֙ לֹ֣א תְבָרְכֶ֔נּוּ וְכִֽי־יְבָרֶכְךָ֥ אִ֖ישׁ לֹ֣א תַעֲנֶ֑נּוּ וְשַׂמְתָּ֥ מִשְׁעַנְתִּ֖י עַל־פְּנֵ֥י הַנָּֽעַר׃

English:

He said to Gehazi, “Tie up your skirts,dTie up your skirts Lit. “Gird your loins”; cf. 1 Kings 18.46. take my staff in your hand, and go. If you meet anyone, do not greet him; and if anyone greets you, do not answer him. And place my staff on the face of the boy.”

Elisha dispatches Gehazi with his staff, ordering him to greet no one on the way and to lay the staff on the boy's face. Rashi explains the imposed silence: the honor of a miracle demands discretion — but Gehazi disobeyed, telling everyone he met that he was going to revive the dead.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
לֹא תְבָרְכֶנּוּ. לֹא תִּשְׁאַל לְשָׁלוֹם, וְכָל זֶה שֶׁלֹּא יַרְבֶּה דְבָרִים וְיִשְׁאָלֵהוּ לְהֵיכָן אַתָּה הוֹלֵךְ, וְהוּא אוֹמֵר לְהַחֲיוֹת אֶת הַמֵּת, וְאֵין זֶה כְּבוֹד הַנֵּס לְהִתְהַלֵּל בּוֹ מִי שֶׁבָּא עַל יָדוֹ. וְהוּא לֹא עָשָׂה כֵּן, אֶלָּא לְכָל הַשּׁוֹאֲלוֹ הוּא אוֹמֵר רַבִּי שְׁלָחַנִי לְהַחֲיוֹת אֶת הַמֵּת.
Do not greet him. Do not inquire about his welfare. All this [was done] to discourage conversation, where one might ask him, "Where are you going?" and he would say, "To revive the dead." It is not respectful for the miracle when the maker brags about it. But, he did not obey.24Geichazi took his mission very lightly and considered it a joke. He was therefore unsuccessful in his mission. Radak When anyone asked him [where he was going], he responded, "My master sent me to revive the dead."25Alternatively, Elisha initially thought that the boy had merely fainted and therefore his personal presence would not be necessary.—Malbim
מצודת דודMetzudat David
חגור מתניך. ללכת מהרה ובזריזות: לא תברכנו. בכדי שלא תשהה בדרך:
To go quick but cautiously In order that you do not delay in root

פסוק ל׳ · Verse 30

Hebrew:

וַתֹּ֙אמֶר֙ אֵ֣ם הַנַּ֔עַר חַי־יְהֹוָ֥ה וְחֵֽי־נַפְשְׁךָ֖ אִם־אֶעֶזְבֶ֑ךָּ וַיָּ֖קׇם וַיֵּ֥לֶךְ אַחֲרֶֽיהָ׃

English:

But the boy’s mother said, “As GOD lives and as you live, I will not leave you!” So he arose and followed her.

The mother refuses to leave without the prophet himself — 'As God lives and as you live, I will not leave you' — and Elisha rises and follows her. Her insistence proves discerning: the staff alone will not suffice.
Commentaries (1)
מצודת דודMetzudat David
אם אעזבך. לבל תלך בעצמך עמדי:
I will forsake you, not to go with you

פסוק ל״א · Verse 31

Hebrew:

וְגֵחֲזִ֞י עָבַ֣ר לִפְנֵיהֶ֗ם וַיָּ֤שֶׂם אֶת־הַמִּשְׁעֶ֙נֶת֙ עַל־פְּנֵ֣י הַנַּ֔עַר וְאֵ֥ין ק֖וֹל וְאֵ֣ין קָ֑שֶׁב וַיָּ֤שׇׁב לִקְרָאתוֹ֙ וַיַּגֶּד־ל֣וֹ לֵאמֹ֔ר לֹ֥א הֵקִ֖יץ הַנָּֽעַר׃

English:

Gehazi had gone on before them and had placed the staff on the boy’s face; but there was no sound or response. He turned back to meet him and told him, “The boy has not awakened.”

Gehazi lays the staff on the boy's face, but there is no sound and no response. Metzudat David cites the sages that the mission failed because Gehazi disregarded the prophet's instructions and mocked them along the way; Radak adds that the boy showed no flicker of response whatsoever.
Commentaries (1)
מצודת דודMetzudat David
עבר לפניהם. הקדים להם: ואין קול. אמרו רבותינו ז״ל (ירושלמי סנהדרין י ב): כי גחזי לא שמע לדברי הנביא, והיה עוד מלגלג בדרך, לומר שהולך להחיות את המת: ואין קשב. היא היא, כי כשאין קול, אין מה להקשיב וכפל הדבר במלות שונות:
he went infront of them our rabbis of blessed memory say, that gehazi didn't listen to the words of the prophet, and he was also bragging on the way, saying that he was going to revive the dead. it's the same thing, for when there is no voice there isn't anything to listen to, it is double language but in different words

פסוק ל״ב · Verse 32

Hebrew:

וַיָּבֹ֥א אֱלִישָׁ֖ע הַבָּ֑יְתָה וְהִנֵּ֤ה הַנַּ֙עַר֙ מֵ֔ת מֻשְׁכָּ֖ב עַל־מִטָּתֽוֹ׃

English:

Elisha came into the house, and there was the boy, laid out dead on his couch.


פסוק ל״ג · Verse 33

Hebrew:

וַיָּבֹ֕א ו��יִּסְגֹּ֥ר הַדֶּ֖לֶת בְּעַ֣ד שְׁנֵיהֶ֑ם וַיִּתְפַּלֵּ֖ל אֶל־יְהֹוָֽה׃

English:

He went in, shut the door behind the two of them, and prayed to GOD.


פסוק ל״ד · Verse 34

Hebrew:

וַיַּ֜עַל וַיִּשְׁכַּ֣ב עַל־הַיֶּ֗לֶד וַיָּ֩שֶׂם֩ פִּ֨יו עַל־פִּ֜יו וְעֵינָ֤יו עַל־עֵינָיו֙ וְכַפָּ֣יו עַל־כַּפָּ֔ו וַיִּגְהַ֖ר עָלָ֑יו וַיָּ֖חׇם בְּשַׂ֥ר הַיָּֽלֶד׃

English:

Then he mounted [the bed] and placed himself over the child. He put his mouth on its mouth, his eyes on its eyes, and his hands on its hands, as he bent over it. And the body of the child became warm.

Elisha stretches himself over the child — mouth on mouth, eyes on eyes, hands on hands — and the boy's flesh grows warm. Radak compares this to Eliyahu's revival of the widow's son and observes that most miracles are performed with some accompanying natural means joined to prayer.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
וַיִּגְהַר עָלָיו. תִּרְגֵּם יוֹנָתָן: וְאַלְהֵי עֲלוֹהִי, הוּא לְשׁוֹן עֲיֵפוּת, יֵשׁ דֻּגְמָתוֹ בְּבָרַיְיתָא דְּהַאֲזִינוּ וּבְסִפְרִי. וּמְנַחֵם פָּתַר: 'וַיִּגְהַר' פִּתְרוֹן הַמִּלָּה כְּפִי עִנְיָנָהּ, נִשְׁתַּטַּח עָלָיו.
And he spread himself upon him. [Targum] Yonoson rendered 'וְאַלְהֵי עֲלוֹהִי', an expression of weariness.26I.e., "he laid exhausted upon him." There is a similar word in the Beraisa of Ha'azinu and in Sifrei. But Menachem rendered 'וַיִּגְהַר', an interpretation of the word according to its context, "he prostrated himself upon him."27See I Melochim 18:42.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
ויעל. על המטה: פיו על פיו. כאילו ישפיע מן החיות שבאיבריו, אל איברי הנער:
on the bed it was the influence of his vital organs invigorating the vital organs of the lad

פסוק ל״ה · Verse 35

Hebrew:

וַיָּ֜שׇׁב וַיֵּ֣לֶךְ בַּבַּ֗יִת אַחַ֥ת הֵ֙נָּה֙ וְאַחַ֣ת הֵ֔נָּה וַיַּ֖עַל וַיִּגְהַ֣ר עָלָ֑יו וַיְזוֹרֵ֤ר הַנַּ֙עַר֙ עַד־שֶׁ֣בַע פְּעָמִ֔ים וַיִּפְקַ֥ח הַנַּ֖עַר אֶת־עֵינָֽיו׃

English:

He stepped down, walked once up and down the room, then mounted and bent over him. Thereupon, the boy sneezed seven times, and the boy opened his eyes.

Elisha paces the room, mounts and bends over the boy again, and the child sneezes seven times and opens his eyes. Radak explains that the pacing was to focus his concentration in prayer; the slow, sevenfold awakening underscores the labor of this revival.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
וַיְזוֹרֵר. נִתְעַטֵּשׁ.
[The boy] sneezed. He sneezed.28According to the Zohar, the boy that Elisha revived was Chavakuk the prophet. This is alluded to in v. 16 above, where the prophet tells the woman "you will be hugging [=חֹבֶקֶת] a son."
מצודת דודMetzudat David
וישב. חזר לרדת מעל המטה: אחת הנה. פעם להעבר מזה, ופעם להעבר מזה: עד שבע פעמים. נתעטש ז׳ פעמים ופתח אחר כך את עיניו:
he got off the bed again once to cover this an once to cover that the child didnt wake up until the seventh time

פסוק ל״ו · Verse 36

Hebrew:

וַיִּקְרָ֣א אֶל־גֵּיחֲזִ֗י וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ קְרָא֙ אֶל־הַשֻּׁנַמִּ֣ית הַזֹּ֔את וַיִּקְרָאֶ֖הָ וַתָּבֹ֣א אֵלָ֑יו וַיֹּ֖אמֶר שְׂאִ֥י בְנֵֽךְ׃

English:

[Elisha] called Gehazi and said, “Call the Shunammite,” and he called her. When she came to him, he said, “Pick up your son.”


פסוק ל״ז · Verse 37

Hebrew:

וַתָּבֹא֙ וַתִּפֹּ֣ל עַל־רַגְלָ֔יו וַתִּשְׁתַּ֖חוּ אָ֑רְצָה וַתִּשָּׂ֥א אֶת־בְּנָ֖הּ וַתֵּצֵֽא׃ {פ}

English:

She came and fell at his feet and bowed low to the ground; then she picked up her son and left.

The Shunamite falls at Elisha's feet and bows to the ground, then picks up her son and goes out. Her silent prostration says what words cannot — the promise she questioned has been doubly fulfilled.

פסוק ל״ח · Verse 38

Hebrew:

וֶאֱלִישָׁ֞ע שָׁ֤ב הַגִּלְגָּ֙לָה֙ וְהָרָעָ֣ב בָּאָ֔רֶץ וּבְנֵי֙ הַנְּבִיאִ֔ים יֹשְׁבִ֖ים לְפָנָ֑יו וַיֹּ֣אמֶר לְנַעֲר֗וֹ שְׁפֹת֙ הַסִּ֣יר הַגְּדוֹלָ֔ה וּבַשֵּׁ֥ל נָזִ֖יד לִבְנֵ֥י הַנְּבִיאִֽים׃

English:

Elisha returned to Gilgal. There was a famine in the land, and the disciples of the prophets were sitting before him. He said to his servant, “Set the large pot [on the fire] and cook a stew for the disciples of the prophets.”

Elisha returns to Gilgal during a famine and orders his servant to set the large pot and cook a stew for the disciples of the prophets. Rashi explains shefot as placing the pot on the stove; the prophet now turns from one bereaved family to a hungry community.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
שְׁפֹת הַסִּיר. הוֹשִׁיבָהּ עַל הַכִּירָה. נָזִיד. תַּבְשִׁיל. לִבְנֵי הַנְּבִיאִים. לְתַלְמִידֵי נְבִיַּיָּא.
Put up the large pot. Place it on the stove. A porridge. A cooked dish. For the disciples of the prophets. For the disciples of the prophets.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
שפות הסיר. ערוך הסיר על מקום מושבה, ובשל בה תבשיל:
put the pot on a cooking place and cook food in it

פסוק ל״ט · Verse 39

Hebrew:

וַיֵּצֵ֨א אֶחָ֣ד אֶל־הַשָּׂדֶה֮ לְלַקֵּ֣ט אֹרֹת֒ וַיִּמְצָא֙ גֶּ֣פֶן שָׂדֶ֔ה וַיְלַקֵּ֥ט מִמֶּ֛נּוּ פַּקֻּעֹ֥ת שָׂדֶ֖ה מְלֹ֣א בִגְד֑וֹ וַיָּבֹ֗א וַיְפַלַּ֛ח אֶל־סִ֥יר הַנָּזִ֖יד כִּי־לֹ֥א יָדָֽעוּ׃

English:

So one of them went out into the fields to gather sprouts. He came across a wild vine and picked from it wild gourds, as many as his garment would hold. Then he came back and sliced them into the pot of stew, for they did not know [what they were];

One of the disciples, gathering herbs, unknowingly picks wild gourds from a field vine and slices them into the stew. Rashi identifies them as poisonous, and the verse stresses 'they did not know' — an innocent error that turns the communal meal deadly.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
לְלַקֵּט אֹרֹת. גַּרְגִּיר שֶׁקּוֹרִין אוֹרְגָּא, שֶׁמֵּאִיר אֶת הָעֵינַיִם. וְיֵשׁ שֶׁפּוֹתְרִין 'אֹרֹת' יְרָקוֹת, כְּמוֹ: כְּחֹם צַח עֲלֵי אוֹר. וַיִּמְצָא גֶּפֶן שָׂדֶה. גּוּפְנָא בְּחַקְלָא. וַיְלַקֵּט מִמֶּנּוּ פַּקֻּעֹת שָׂדֶה. צָמְחוּ מִמֶּנּוּ פַּקּוּעוֹת שָׂדֶה, הוּא בוליי"ן בְּלַעַ"ז, סַם הַמָּוֶת. וּבְשֵׁם רַבִּי מְנַחֵם שָׁמַעְתִּי: וַיְלַקֵּט לְבַד מִמֶּנּוּ, בִּלְעָדָיו, פַּקּוּעוֹת שָׂדֶה. וַיְפַלַּח. וַיְבַקַּע.
To gather greens [herbs]. ['אֹרֹת' is] field-rocket which is called oruge, and it enlightens [=מֵאִיר] the eyes.29See Maseches Yoma 18b. Others interpret 'אֹרֹת' as herbs, as in, "like a clear heat on herbs [=אוֹר]."30Yeshayahu 18:4. And he found a vine in the field. A vine in the field. And gathered wild gourds from it. Wild mushrooms sprouted from it, boleiz, in O.F., which are poisonous.31They did not realize that the mushrooms were poisonous. And in the name of Rabbi Menachem I heard, "and he gathered in addition to the fruit that grew from it, wild gourds." And sliced [them]. Split them.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
גפן שדה. מין גפנים הגדלים בשדה, והפירות הם דבר ארסי וממית: ויפלח. בקע לחתיכות, ונתנה אל הסיר, כי לא הכיר בו שהוא דבר ארסי:
from the fruit of a species of wild vines that are great in the feild and of the fruits that are poisinous he cut them into peices and put them in the pot because he did not recognize it that it was a poisinous thing.

פסוק מ׳ · Verse 40

Hebrew:

וַיִּֽצְק֥וּ לַאֲנָשִׁ֖ים לֶאֱכ֑וֹל וַ֠יְהִ֠י כְּאׇכְלָ֨ם מֵהַנָּזִ֜יד וְהֵ֣מָּה צָעָ֗קוּ וַיֹּֽאמְרוּ֙ מָ֤וֶת בַּסִּיר֙ אִ֣ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֔ים וְלֹ֥א יָכְל֖וּ לֶאֱכֹֽל׃

English:

and they served it for those present to eat. While they were still eating of the stew, they began to cry out: “O agent of God, there is death in the pot!”edeath in the pot The wild gourds cause severe cramps. And they could not eat it.

As the men eat they cry out, 'There is death in the pot, O man of God!' and cannot continue. Metzudat David explains that they sensed the bitterness and recognized something lethal in the stew.

פסוק מ״א · Verse 41

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ וּקְחוּ־קֶ֔מַח וַיַּשְׁלֵ֖ךְ אֶל־הַסִּ֑יר וַיֹּ֗אמֶר צַ֤ק לָעָם֙ וְיֹאכֵ֔לוּ וְלֹ֥א הָיָ֛ה דָּבָ֥ר רָ֖ע בַּסִּֽיר׃ {ס}        

English:

“Fetch some flour,” [Elisha] said. He threw it into the pot and said, “Serve it to the people and let them eat.” And there was no longer anything harmful in the pot.

Elisha calls for flour, throws it into the pot, and the stew is rendered harmless. Radak notes that the stew already served was first returned to the pot so that a single act would heal it all — an everyday substance becomes the vehicle of the cure.
Commentaries (1)
מצודת דודMetzudat David
ויאמר. אלישע אמר, החזירו הנזיד אל הסיר, וקחו קמח לתת בסיר, ואז יוסר הארס: צק לעם. עתה שפוך אל הקערות ויאכלו: ולא היה. רוצה לומר: וכן היה, כי לא היה מעתה דבר ארסי וממית:
as if to say and there was something, because up until now, there hadn't been anything poisonous or deadly (in the pot) now he poured it onto the dish and they ate

פסוק מ״ב · Verse 42

Hebrew:

וְאִ֨ישׁ בָּ֜א ��ִבַּ֣עַל שָׁלִ֗שָׁה וַיָּבֵא֩ לְאִ֨ישׁ הָאֱלֹהִ֜ים לֶ֤חֶם בִּכּוּרִים֙ עֶשְׂרִֽים־לֶ֣חֶם שְׂעֹרִ֔ים וְכַרְמֶ֖ל בְּצִקְלֹנ֑וֹ וַיֹּ֕אמֶר תֵּ֥ן לָעָ֖ם וְיֹאכֵֽלוּ׃

English:

A man came from Baal-shalishah and he brought the agent of God some bread of the first reaping—twenty loaves of barley bread, and some fresh grain in his sack.fin his sack Or “on the stalk”; perhaps connected with Ugaritic bṣql. And [Elisha] said, “Give it to the people and let them eat.”

A man from Baal-shalishah brings twenty loaves of first-crop barley bread and fresh grain, and Elisha orders it given to the people. Rashi explains that it was the season when the grain first ripens, and that 'the people' are the disciples whom the prophet sustained.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
מִבַּעַל שָׁלִשָׁה. שֵׁם מְדִינָה. וְיוֹנָתָן תִּרְגֵּם: מֵאַרְעָא דָּרוֹמָא. 'בַּעַל' לְשׁוֹן 'מִישׁוֹר', וְהַרְבֵּה בַּמִּקְרָא. לֶחֶם בִּכּוּרִים. בְּפֶסַח, שֶׁהַתְּבוּאָה מְבַכֶּרֶת. בְּצִקְלֹנוֹ. בִּלְבוּשֵׁיהּ. לָעָם. לַתַּלְמִידִים שֶׁהָיָה זָן.
From Ba'al-Shalishah. The name of a province. But [Targum] Yonoson rendered, "from the land toward the south." "בַּעַל" is an expression meaning "a plain." There are many [such expressions] in Scripture. Bread from the first crop. It was during Pesach, when the grain ripens.32Although the word בִּכּוּרִים usually refers to the new crop offering that was brought in the Beis Hamikdosh [see Shemos 34:26], here it merely means "bread from the first crop," without reference to the new crop offering. In their shells. In its wrapper.33I.e., the grains were still in their husks. Alternatively, after grain is toasted and broken up, it is placed in a vessel known as צִקְלוֹן.—Ralbag To the people. To the disciples [of the prophets] whom he sustained.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
לחם בכורים. לחם העשוי מהקציר הנקצר שם ראשונה, והיו במספר עשרים, וממין השעורים: וכרמל בצקלונו. שבלים רכים ומלאים, כשהם עדיין בקליפותיהן:
bread that was made from the first harvest, there were 20 (loaves) of them, and they were made from species of barley soft and full sheaves, like they were still in their husks

פסוק מ״ג · Verse 43

Hebrew:

וַיֹּ֙אמֶר֙ מְשָׁ֣רְת֔וֹ מָ֚ה אֶתֵּ֣ן זֶ֔ה לִפְנֵ֖י מֵ֣אָה אִ֑ישׁ וַיֹּ֗אמֶר תֵּ֤ן לָעָם֙ וְיֹאכֵ֔לוּ כִּ֣י כֹ֥ה אָמַ֛ר יְהֹוָ֖ה אָכֹ֥ל וְהוֹתֵֽר׃

English:

His attendant replied, “How can I set this before a hundred people?” But he said, “Give it to the people and let them eat. For thus said GOD: They shall eat and have some left over.”

The attendant protests that twenty loaves cannot feed a hundred men, but Elisha repeats the command with a divine promise: 'they shall eat and have some left over.' Metzudat David spells out the objection — the food is far too little — making the fulfillment unmistakably miraculous.
Commentaries (2)
רש״יRashi
מַה אֶתֵּן זֶה. כָּל לֶחֶם וְלֶחֶם.
"How will I present this." Each bread.
מצודת דודMetzudat David
מה אתן זה. רוצה לומר: הלא מעט המה: אכול והותר. בהם יהיה די לאכול, ועוד יהיה מותר:
there would be enough food for all of them, and there would also be some left over as if to say there is very little [food] here

פסוק מ״ד · Verse 44

Hebrew:

וַיִּתֵּ֧ן לִפְנֵיהֶ֛ם וַיֹּאכְל֥וּ וַיּוֹתִ֖רוּ כִּדְבַ֥ר יְהֹוָֽה׃ {פ}

English:

So he set it before them; and when they had eaten, they had some left over, as GOD had said.


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