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Nach YomiIsaiah ยท ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื•Chapter 33

Isaiah 33

ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืคืจืง ืœืดื’

Section: ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ยท ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื | Book: Isaiah | Chapter: 33 of 66 | Day: 180 of 742

Date: August 10, 2026

ืงืœืื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื ืดืš

Isaiah 33 belongs to the cluster of prophecies (chapters 28-33) responding to the crisis of Sennacheribโ€™s Assyrian invasion in the days of King Hezekiah. It opens with the sixth and climactic woe (ื”ื•ึนื™) of this section, directed not at Judah but at the great destroyer himself: the ravager who has never been ravaged, the betrayer whom none has yet betrayed (ื”ื•ึนื™ ืฉืื•ึนื“ึตื“ ื•ึฐืึทืชึธึผื” ืœึนื ืฉึธืื“ื•ึผื“). The prophet announces a principle of measure-for-measure justice: when the plunderer has finished his plundering, he himself will be plundered. Radak notes the ambiguity of the referent, reading the passage in Hezekiahโ€™s own generation as a woe against Sennacherib, while allowing that it may point ahead to the final oppressor of the messianic age. The chapter as a whole oscillates between the desolation of the present and the deliverance to come, moving from lament to prayer to divine self-exaltation to a luminous vision of a redeemed Jerusalem.

The first movement joins a communal prayer to the coming judgment. The people cry out, LORD, be gracious to us; we have waited for You; be their arm every morning (ื”ึฑื™ึตื” ื–ึฐืจึนืขึธื ืœึทื‘ึฐึผืงึธืจึดื™ื), a plea, in Rashiโ€™s reading, for God to be the strength of the plundered against the plunderer day by day, and their salvation in the time of trouble. The scene then widens to the panic of the nations: at the tumultuous roar peoples flee, and the spoil of the Assyrian camp is gathered up as locusts are gathered (ืึนืกึถืฃ ื”ึถื—ึธืกึดื™ืœ). Metzudat David and Radak tie this directly to the plague of the angel in Sennacheribโ€™s camp, after which the men of Jerusalem went out and gathered the abandoned booty. The LORD is exalted, dwelling on high, filling Zion with justice and righteousness, and verse 6 offers one of the chapterโ€™s most quoted lines, that the stability of your times shall be a store of salvation, wisdom and knowledge (ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื” ืึฑืžื•ึผื ึทืช ืขึดืชึถึผื™ืšึธ), with the fear of the LORD as oneโ€™s true treasure.

The chapter then turns to a dirge over the land laid waste. The valiant ones (ืึถืจึฐืึถืœึธึผื) cry outside and the ambassadors of peace weep bitterly; highways are desolate, the wayfarer has ceased, covenants are broken, and no man is regarded. The land mourns as Lebanon is ashamed, Sharon becomes a wilderness, and Bashan and Carmel are stripped bare, the fertile regions of the north standing for the whole devastated country. Into this grief God speaks with threefold resolve: Now I will arise, now I will be exalted, now I will lift Myself up (ืขึทืชึธึผื” ืึธืงื•ึผื). The Assyrians who conceived hay and gave birth to straw are consumed by their own breath turned to fire, becoming as burnings of lime and cut thorns set ablaze, so that both far and near are summoned to witness the divine might.

The climax of the chapter is a searching question and its answer. The sinners in Zion are afraid and trembling seizes the hypocrites: who among us can dwell with the devouring fire, who among us can dwell with everlasting burnings (ืžึดื™ ื™ึธื’ื•ึผืจ ืœึธื ื•ึผ ืึตืฉื ืื•ึนื›ึตืœึธื”)? Rashi and Radak read the fire as the awesome presence of God Himself, and the answer follows in the portrait of the righteous person: one who walks in righteousness and speaks uprightly, who spurns unjust gain, shakes his hands free of bribes, stops his ears against bloodshed, and shuts his eyes from looking upon evil. Such a person shall dwell on high, his bread given and his water assured. Radak identifies this figure with Hezekiah, whose virtues both protect the city and model the character fit to endure Godโ€™s nearness.

The final movement unfolds a serene vision of restored Jerusalem. Your eyes shall behold the king in his beauty (ืžึถืœึถืšึฐ ื‘ึฐึผื™ึธืคึฐื™ื•ึน ืชึถึผื—ึฑื–ึถื™ื ึธื” ืขึตื™ื ึถื™ืšึธ), and see a land stretching far off; the terror of the foreign scribes who counted and weighed the tribute, and of the barbarian people of obscure speech, will be gone. Look upon Zion, the city of our appointed feasts, and behold Jerusalem as a quiet habitation, a tent not to be removed, whose pegs are never pulled up and whose cords are never broken. There the LORD in majesty is like broad rivers no hostile ship can cross, for the LORD is our judge, our lawgiver, and our king, and He will save us (ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื” ืžึทืœึฐื›ึตึผื ื•ึผ ื”ื•ึผื ื™ื•ึนืฉึดืื™ืขึตื ื•ึผ). The chapter closes with the enemyโ€™s rigging fallen slack, the lame carrying off great spoil, and the crowning promise that no inhabitant will say I am sick, for the people who dwell there are forgiven their iniquity, a healing of both body and soul that Radak links to the great deliverance in Hezekiahโ€™s day while noting that some read the whole passage as a portrait of the messianic future.

ืคืจืง ืœืดื’ ยท Chapter 33

ืคืกื•ืง ืืณ ยท Verse 1

Hebrew:

ื”ึฃื•ึนื™ ืฉืื•ึนื“ึตึ—ื“ ื•ึฐืึทืชึผึธื”ึ™ ืœึนึฃื ืฉืึธื“ึ”ื•ึผื“ ื•ึผื‘ื•ึนื’ึตึ–ื“ ื•ึฐืœึนืึพื‘ึธึฃื’ึฐื“ื•ึผ ื‘ึ‘ื•ึน ื›ึผึทื”ึฒืชึดึฝืžึฐืšึธึค ืฉืื•ึนื“ึตื“ึ™ ืชึผื•ึผืฉืึผึทึ”ื“ ื›ึผึทื ึผึฐืœึนืชึฐืšึธึฅ ืœึดื‘ึฐื’ึผึนึ–ื“ ื™ึดื‘ึฐื’ึผึฐื“ื•ึผึพื‘ึธึฝืšึฐืƒย {ืก}ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 

English:

Ha, you ravager who are not ravaged,You betrayer who have not been betrayed!When you have done ravaging, you shall be ravaged;When you have finished betraying, you shall be betrayed.

The prophet cries woe over the great destroyer who has ravaged all others yet never been ravaged himself, and the treacherous one whom none has betrayed. The measure-for-measure principle is announced: when he finishes his plundering he will himself be plundered. Rashi, Metzudat David, and Radak identify this figure as Sennacherib of Assyria, with Radak allowing it may also point to the final oppressor of the messianic age.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื”ื•ื™. ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ ืฉืืชื” ืฉื•ื“ื“ ืชืžื™ื“ ื•ืืชื” ืœื ืฉื“ื•ื“ ื•ื‘ื•ื’ื“ ืืชื” ืชืžื™ื“ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืื“ื ื‘ื•ื’ื“ืš ื•ื‘ื•ื–ื–ืš: ื›ื”ืชื™ืžืš. ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื•ื“ื“ ื›ื›ืœื•ืชืš ืฉื“ื™ื“ืชืš ื‘ืื•ืชื ืฉื ื’ื–ืจื” ื’ื–ืจื” ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืฉื“ื•ื“ื™ื ืขืœ ื™ื“ืš ืชื•ืฉื“: ื›ื ืœื•ืชืš ืœื‘ื’ื•ื“. ืžื ื—ื ื—ื™ื‘ืจ ื›ื ืœื•ืชืš ืขื ืœื ื™ื˜ื” ืœืืจืฅ ืžื ืœื ื‘ื—ืœืง ืื—ื“ ื•ืžื ืœื ื”ืž"ื ื”ืจืืฉื•ื ื” ื‘ื• ื™ืกื•ื“ ื ื•ืคืœ ื›ืžื• ืž"ื ืฉืœ ืžืืžืจ ื•ืฉืœ ืžื“ืข ื•ื™ืชื›ืŸ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ืœ' ื›ืœื™ื•ืŸ ืœืคื™ ื”ืขื ื™ืŸ: ื›ื ืœื•ืชืš. ืœ' ื›ื›ืœื•ืชืš ื•ืœื ื™ื˜ื” ืœืืจืฅ ืžื ืœื ื›ืœื™ื•ืŸ ื”ื ื’ื–ืจ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืœื ื™ื˜ื” ืœืืจืฅ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื‘ื˜ืœ ื•ื”ื•ืœืš ืืœื ื”ื•ืœืš ื•ื—ื–ืง:
Woe To the enemy, that you constantly spoil, but you are not spoiled, and you constantly deal treacherously, but no man deals treacherously with you or spoils you. when you finish being a spoiler, when you finish your spoiling of those upon whom it was decreed to be spoiled by you, you shall be spoiled. when you finish dealing treacherously (ื›ึผึทื ึผึฐืœึนืชึฐืšึธ) Menahem classified ื›ึผึทื ึฐืœึนืชึฐืšึธ with (Job 15: 29) "And their destruction (ืžึดื ึฐืœึธื) shall not fall to the earth," in one group (Machbereth Menahem, p. 123). In the word ืžึดื ึฐืœึธื, the first 'mem' is a radical which sometimes is absent, like the 'mem' of ืžึทืึฒืžึธืจ, a statement, and of ืžึทื“ึผึธืข, knowledge, and it is possibly an expression of ending, according to the context. ื›ึผึทื ึผึฐืœึนืชึฐืšึธ is an expression of 'when you finish.' "And ืžึดื ึฐืœึธื shall not fall to the earth," the destruction decreed upon them shall not fall to the earth to become progressively void, but will become progressively stronger.

ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืณ ยท Verse 2

Hebrew:

ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึฅื” ื—ื‡ื ึผึตึ–ื ื•ึผ ืœึฐืšึธึฃ ืงึดื•ึผึดึ‘ื™ื ื•ึผ ื”ึฑื™ึตึคื” ื–ึฐืจึนืขึธืึ™ ืœึทื‘ึผึฐืงึธืจึดึ”ื™ื ืึทืฃึพื™ึฐืฉืื•ึผืขึธืชึตึ–ื ื•ึผ ื‘ึผึฐืขึตึฅืช ืฆึธืจึธึฝื”ืƒ

English:

O ETERNAL One, be gracious to us!It is to You we have looked;Be their armaBe their arm Emendation yields โ€œYou have been our help.โ€ every morning,Also our deliverance in time of stress.

The people turn to prayer: LORD, be gracious to us, for it is You we have awaited. They ask God to be their arm every morning, a daily strength against the enemy, and their salvation in the time of trouble. Metzudat David reads the plea as a refusal to trust in Egypt, relying on God alone unlike the northern tribes.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื”ื™ื” ื–ืจื•ืขื. ืฉืœ ืฉื“ื•ื“ื™ื ื‘ื™ื“ ื”ืฉื•ื“ื“: ืœื‘ืงืจื™ื. ืžื“ื™ ื™ื•ื ื™ื•ื ื›ืฉื”ื•ื ืžื™ืฆืจ ืœื”ื ืืฃ ื™ืฉื•ืขืชื™ื ื• ืชื”ื™ื” ื‘ืขืช ืฆืจื”:
Be their arm of the spoiled ones in the hand of the spoiler. (Note that we followed other editions of Rashi. Nach Lublin is erroneous in this passage.) every morning Daily, when they are in straits, also You be our salvation in time of trouble.

ืคืกื•ืง ื’ืณ ยท Verse 3

Hebrew:

ืžึดืงึผึฃื•ึนืœ ื”ึธืžึ”ื•ึนืŸ ื ึธื“ึฐื“ึ–ื•ึผ ืขึทืžึผึดึ‘ื™ื ืžึตืจึฃื•ึนืžึฐืžึปืชึถึ”ืšึธ ื ึธืคึฐืฆึ–ื•ึผ ื’ึผื•ึนื™ึดึฝืืƒ

English:

At [Your] roaring, peoples have fled,Before Your majesty nations have scattered;

At the roaring sound that comes forth from before God, the peoples flee and the nations scatter. Metzudat David and Radak connect this to the tumult of the angel striking the Assyrian camp, so that the survivors of the plague are dispersed before the exalted majesty of the LORD.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืžืงื•ืœ ื”ืžื•ืŸ. ื”ื‘ื ืžืœืคื ื™ืš ื ื“ื“ื• ืขืžื™ื ืขื“ ื”ื ื” ื›ืฉื”ืคืœืืช ืœื ื• ื ืกื™ืš:
From the sound of roaring that emanated from before You, peoples wandered until here when You performed wondrous miracles for us.

ืคืกื•ืง ื“ืณ ยท Verse 4

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐืึปืกึผึทึฃืฃ ืฉืึฐืœึทืœึฐื›ึถึ”ื ืึนึ–ืกึถืฃ ื”ึถื—ึธืกึดึ‘ื™ืœ ื›ึผึฐืžึทืฉืึผึทึฅืง ื’ึผึตื‘ึดึ–ื™ื ืฉืึนืงึตึฅืง ื‘ึผึฝื•ึนืƒ

English:

And spoilbspoil Heb. โ€œyour spoil.โ€ was gathered as locusts are gathered,ItcIt Meaning of Heb. uncertain. Emendation yields โ€œbootyโ€; cf. v. 23. was amasseddamassed Taking sh-q-q as a cognate of q-sh-sh. as grasshoppers are amassed.eas grasshoppers are amassed Apparently for food; cf. Lev. 11.22.

The spoil of the fallen Assyrian camp is gathered up as locusts are gathered, each person taking booty for himself without opposition or fear. Rashi, Metzudat David, and Radak describe the men of Jerusalem going out to plunder the abandoned camp; Radak cites the rabbinic tradition that immersion in the cisterns (gevim) purified any Israelite property mixed in with it.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ืื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœืœื›ื. ื–ื” ืžื•ืกื‘ ืขืœ ื›ื ืœื•ืชืš ืœื‘ื’ื•ื“ ื™ื‘ื’ื“ื• ื‘ืš ื•ืื•ืกืฃ ืฉืœืœื›ื ืืชื ื”ื‘ื•ื’ื“ื™ื ืืช ืขืžื™ ื‘ื‘ื ืคืงื•ื“ืชื›ื ื™ื‘ื•ื– ืืชื›ื ืฉืืจื™ืช ืขืžื™ ื•ื™ืืกืคื• ืฉืœืœื›ื ื›ืืกื™ืคืช ื—ืกื™ืœ ืฉืื•ืกืฃ ืœื• ืชื‘ื•ืื” ื‘ืงื™ืฅ ื›ืœ ื' ืœืขืฆืžื• ืืฃ ื›ืืŸ ื™ื‘ื•ื–ื• ืื™ืฉ ืœื•: ื›ืžืฉืง ื’ื‘ื™ื ืฉื•ืงืง. ื›ืงื•ืœ ื ื”ื ืžื™ื ื”ื ืืกืคื™ื ื•ื ื•ืคืœื™ืŸ ื‘ื’ื‘ื™ื ื‘ื ื”ื ื›ืŸ ื™ื ื”ืžื• ื”ื‘ืื™ื ืœืฉืœื•ืœ ื•ืœื‘ื•ื–, ืžืฉืง ืœ' ื ื”ื ื›ืžื• (ืžืฉืœื™ ื›ืดื—:ื˜ืดื•) ืืจื™ ื ื•ื”ื ื•ื“ื•ื‘ ืฉื•ืงืง, ื•ื›ืŸ ืžืžืฉืง ื—ืจื•ืœ (ืฆืคื ื™ื” ื‘ืณ:ื˜ืณ) ื›ืฉื”ืจื•ื— ืžื ืฉื‘ืช ื‘ื—ืจื•ืœื™ื ื•ื”ื ืžื›ื™ื ื–ื” ืขืœ ื–ื” ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ืงื•ืœ ื•ื›ืŸ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื™ืฉื•ืงื• (ื™ื•ืืœ ื‘): ื’ื‘ื™ื. ื›ืžื• ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืžื™ื ืžื’ื‘ื ื•ืจื‘ื•ืชื™ื ื• ื“ืจืฉื•ื”ื• ื‘ืื’ื“ืช ื—ืœืง ื‘ื‘ื™ื–ืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ ืกื ื—ืจื‘:
And your booty shall be gathered This refers back to "when you finish dealing treacherously, they shall deal treacherously with you," and your booty, you, who spoil My people, when your reckoning comes, the remnant of My people shall plunder you and gather your booty like the gathering of locusts, each one of whom gathers grain for himself in summer; here too, each one will plunder for himself. like the roaring of the cisterns Like the sound of the roar of water gathering and falling into the cisterns in the river, so will those coming to plunder and pillage, roar. ืžึทืฉึผืึทืง is an expression of roaring. Comp. (Prov. 28:15) "A roaring lion and a growling (ืฉืื•ึนืงึตืง) bear." Also (Zeph. 2:9), "The noise (ืžึดืžึฐืฉืึทืง) of the thorns." When the wind blows on the thorns, and they knock against one another, they produce a sound. Comp. also, (Joel 2:9) "In the city they roar (ื™ึธืฉืึนืงึผื•ึผ)." cisterns (ื’ึผึตื‘ึดื™ื) like (supra 30: 14) "or to scoop water from a cistern (ืžึดื’ึผึถื‘ึถื)." Our Sages expounded it in the Aggadah of Chapter Chelek (San. 94b) as referring to the booty of Sennacherib's soldiers.

ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืณ ยท Verse 5

Hebrew:

ื ึดืฉื‚ึฐื’ึผึธึฃื‘ ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึ”ื” ื›ึผึดึฅื™ ืฉืึนื›ึตึ–ืŸ ืžึธืจึ‘ื•ึนื ืžึดืœึผ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึฃื ืฆึดื™ึผึ”ื•ึนืŸ ืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธึ–ื˜ ื•ึผืฆึฐื“ึธืงึธึฝื”ืƒ

English:

GOD is exalted,Dwelling on highโ€”[Of old] filling ZionWith justice and righteousness.

The LORD is exalted, for He dwells on high and demonstrates His might by humbling the mighty and raising the lowly. Through this deliverance He fills Zion with justice and righteousness, as Radak explains, so that from that day onward the inhabitants of Zion will practice justice and righteousness.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ื™ ืฉื•ื›ืŸ ืžืจื•ื. ื”ืจืื” ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ืฉื”ื•ื ืจื ืขืœ ื›ืœ ื•ื™ื“ื• ืขืœ ื”ืขืœื™ื•ื ื”:
for He dwells on high He demonstrated His might, that He is exalted above all, and He has the upper hand.

ืคืกื•ืง ื•ืณ ยท Verse 6

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธื”ึ™ ืึฑืžื•ึผื ึทึฃืช ืขึดืชึผึถึ”ื™ืšึธ ื—ึนึฅืกึถืŸ ื™ึฐืฉืื•ึผืขึนึ–ืช ื—ื‡ื›ึฐืžึทึฃืช ื•ึธื“ึธึ‘ืขึทืช ื™ึดืจึฐืึทึฅืช ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึ–ื” ื”ึดึฅื™ื ืื•ึนืฆึธืจึฝื•ึนืƒย {ืค}

English:

Faithfulness to Your chargefYour charge Meaning of Heb. uncertain. was [her] wealth,Wisdom and devotion [her] triumph,Reverence for GODโ€”that was hergher Heb. โ€œhis.โ€ treasure.

The stability of your times will be a store of salvation, wisdom, and knowledge, with the fear of the LORD as one's true treasure. Metzudat David and Radak read this as an address to Israel: if you wish the salvation you have received to endure, occupy yourselves with wisdom, knowledge, and the fear of God, which serves a person as a treasure does in time of need. Rashi connects faithfulness to your times to the observance of the agricultural gifts and sabbatical years in their proper season.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื”ื™ื” ืืžื•ื ืช ืขืชื™ืš ื•ื’ื•'. ื•ื”ื™ื” ืœื—ื•ืกืŸ ื™ืฉื•ืขื•ืช ื•ืœื—ื›ืžื” ื•ื“ืขืช ืืช ืืฉืจ ืชืืžื™ืŸ ืœื‘ื•ืจืืš ืขืชื™ื ืฉืงื‘ืข ืœืš ืœืชืจื•ืžื•ืช ื•ืœืžืขืฉืจื•ืช ื‘ืขืช ื”ืคืจืฉืชืŸ ืœืœืงื˜ ืฉื›ื—ื” ื•ืคื™ืื” ื‘ืขืชื ืœืงื™ื™ื ืฉืžื™ื˜ื™ืŸ ื•ื™ื•ื‘ืœื•ืช ื‘ืขืชื ื“"ื ืืžื•ื ืช ืขืชืš. ืืช ืฉื”ืืžื ืช ื‘ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื‘ืขืชื™ื ืฉืขื‘ืจื• ืขืœื™ืš ื•ืฆืคื™ืช ืœื™ืฉื•ืขื” ืชื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืœื—ื•ืกืŸ: ื™ืจืืช ื”'. ืฉืชื™ืจื ืžืœืคื ื™ื• ื”ื™ื ืื•ืฆืจ ื˜ื•ื‘ ืœื”ืคืชื— ืœืš ืžืืชื• ืขืœ ื™ื“ื”:
And the faith of your times, etc. And it shall be for you for strength of salvations and for wisdom and knowledge, that you will be faithful to your Creator concerning the times that He set for you for terumoth and tithes at the time of their separation, for gleanings, forgotten sheaves, and the corner of the field in their time, to leave them over for the poor, to keep release years and jubilee years in their time. Another explanation is: faith of your times What you believed in the Holy One, blessed be He, in times that passed over you, and you hoped for salvation, shall become your strength. fear of the Lord That you shall fear Him - that is a good treasure to open up for you from before Him.

ืคืกื•ืง ื–ืณ ยท Verse 7

Hebrew:

ื”ึตึšืŸ ืึถืจึฐืึถืœึผึธึ”ื ืฆึธืขึฒืงึ–ื•ึผ ื—ึปึ‘ืฆึธื” ืžึทืœึฐืึฒื›ึตึฃื™ ืฉืึธืœึ”ื•ึนื ืžึทึ–ืจ ื™ึดื‘ึฐื›ึผึธื™ึฝื•ึผืŸืƒ

English:

Hark! The ArieliteshArielites So a few manuscripts; cf. 29.1. cry aloud;Shalomโ€™siShalomโ€™s I.e., Jerusalemโ€™s; cf. Salem (Heb. Shalem), Ps. 76.3. messengers weep bitterly.

The chapter turns to lament for the distress that precedes the deliverance: the mighty ones cry out in the streets, and the messengers of peace weep bitterly. Rashi and Metzudat David explain that the envoys who once brought tidings of peace now weep at the desolation, since the enemy has come into the land; Rashi links their cry to the desolate highways of the next verse.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื”ืŸ ืืจืืœื ืฆืขืงื• ื—ื•ืฆื”. ื”ื™ื” ื”ื ื‘ื™ื ืžืชื ื‘ื ื ื—ืžื•ืช ื•ืื•ืžืจ ืฉื”ืคื•ืจืขื ื•ืช ื›ื‘ืจ ืื›ืœื•ื”ื• ื•ืžืขืชื” ืืงื•ื ื•ืื ืฉื ืœื’ืืœื, ื”ืŸ ืขืœ ืืจืืœื™ื ืฉืœื”ื ื”ื•ื ื”ืžื–ื‘ื— ื›ื‘ืจ ืฆืขืงื• ื•ืกืคื“ื• ื‘ื—ื•ืฆื•ืชื ื•ื‘ืจื—ื•ื‘ื•ืช' ื‘ื‘ื›ื™ ื•ื ื”ื™: ืžืœืื›ื™ ืฉืœื•ื. ืžืœืื›ื™ ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืชื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืจื’ื™ืœื™ืŸ ืœื‘ืฉืจ ืฉืœื•ื ืžืจ ื™ื‘ื›ื™ื•ืŸ ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ื ืฉืžื• ืžืกื™ืœื•ืช ืฉื‘ืช ืขื•ื‘ืจ ืื•ืจื—:
Behold [for] their altar they have cried in the street The prophet was prophesying consolations and saying that the retribution had already been completed, and from now I will rise and exalt Myself to redeem them. Behold for their Arel - that is the altar (see above 29:1) - they have already cried and lamented in their streets and in their squares with weeping and wailing. ambassadors of peace And the ambassadors whom they send, who were wont to bring tidings of peace, cry bitterly and say, "Highways have become desolate, the wayfarer has stopped."

ืคืกื•ืง ื—ืณ ยท Verse 8

Hebrew:

ื ึธืฉืึทึฃืžึผื•ึผ ืžึฐืกึดืœึผึ”ื•ึนืช ืฉืึธื‘ึทึ–ืช ืขึนื‘ึตึฃืจ ืึนึ‘ืจึทื— ื”ึตืคึตึคืจ ื‘ึผึฐืจึดื™ืชึ™ ืžึธืึทึฃืก ืขึธืจึดึ”ื™ื ืœึนึฅื ื—ึธืฉืึทึ–ื‘ ืึฑื ึฝื•ึนืฉืืƒ

English:

Highways are desolate,Wayfarers have ceased.A covenant has been renounced,CitiesjCities 1QIsแตƒ reads โ€œA pact.โ€ rejectedMortalskMortals Emendation yields โ€œan obligation.โ€ despised.

The land lies desolate: highways are empty, travelers have ceased, the covenant has been broken, cities are despised, and no man is regarded. Rashi and Metzudat David explain that the enemy has broken the treaty he made with Israel and reckons no human being of any worth; Radak cites his father that Israel felt God Himself had broken His covenant with them.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื”ืคืจ. ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ ื‘ืจื™ืช ืฉื›ืจืช ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ: ืžืืก ืขืจื™ื. ื‘ื™ื–ื” ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ื• ื›ืœ ืฉื•ื ื ืื™ื ื• ื—ื•ืฉื‘ ืื ื•ืฉ:
he has abrogated the treaty The enemy has abrogated the treaty he made with Israel. despised cities He despised in his eyes; no enemy considers any man.

ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ืณ ยท Verse 9

Hebrew:

ืึธื‘ึทึคืœ ืึปืžึฐืœึฐืœึธื”ึ™ ืึธึ”ืจึถืฅ ื”ึถื—ึฐืคึผึดึฅื™ืจ ืœึฐื‘ึธื ึ–ื•ึนืŸ ืงึธืžึทึ‘ืœ ื”ึธื™ึธึคื” ื”ึทืฉืึผึธืจื•ึนืŸึ™ ื›ึผึธึฝืขึฒืจึธื‘ึธึ”ื” ื•ึฐื ึนืขึตึฅืจ ื‘ึผึธืฉืึธึ–ืŸ ื•ึฐื›ึทืจึฐืžึถึฝืœืƒย {ืก}ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 

English:

The land is wilted and withered;Lebanon disgraced and moldering,Sharon is become like a desert,And Bashan and Carmel are stripped bare.

The whole land mourns and withers: Lebanon is ashamed and moldering, Sharon has become like a desert plain, and Bashan and Carmel are stripped bare. Rashi and Radak note that these fertile regions, named for their rich pasture and produce, stand for the total devastation of the country, their trees casting off their fruit.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืื‘ืœ. ืœ' ืื‘ื™ืœื•ืช: ืงืžืœ. ื™ื‘ืฉ ื•ื ื›ืจืช: ื”ื™ื”. ืœ' ืขื‘ืจ ื”ื•ื: ื”ืฉืจื•ืŸ. ืฉื ืžื—ื•ื– ืžืจืขื” ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช ื›ืžื• ืฉืฉื ื™ื ื• ืื™ืœื™ื ืžืžื•ืื‘ ืขื’ืœื™ื ืžืฉืจื•ืŸ: ื›ืขืจื‘ื”. ื—ื•ืจื‘ื”: ื•ื ื•ืขืจ. ืœ' ืชืฉื ื•ืง ื›ืžื• (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื“) ื•ื™ื ืขืจ ื”':
mourns (ืึธื‘ึตืœ) an expression of mourning. it was cut off Dried and cut off. became (ื”ึธื™ึธื”, lit. was.) This is the past tense. the Sharon The name of a region of pasture for animals, as we learned (Men. 87a): Rams from Moab, calves from Sharon. like the plain a ruin. have become emptied (ื•ึฐื ึนืขึตืจ) An expression of shaking out. Comp. (Ex. 14:27): "And the Lord shook (ื•ึทื™ึฐื ึทืขึตืจ)."

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืณ ยท Verse 10

Hebrew:

ืขึทืชึผึธึฅื” ืึธืงึ–ื•ึผื ื™ึนืืžึทึฃืจ ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึ‘ื” ืขึทืชึผึธื”ึ™ ืึตึฝืจื•ึนืžึธึ”ื ืขึทืชึผึธึ–ื” ืึถื ึผึธืฉื‚ึตึฝืืƒ

English:

โ€œNow I will arise,โ€ says GOD,โ€œNow I will exalt Myself, now raise Myself high.

God now declares His threefold resolve to act: Now I will arise, now I will exalt Myself, now I will lift Myself up. Rashi explains that because of the many evils the enemy has done to His people God will no longer restrain Himself; Metzudat David adds that when the LORD executes judgment on the nations He is exalted and raised high.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืขืชื” ืืงื•ื. ืžืจื•ื‘ ืจืขื•ืช ืฉืขืฉื” ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ ืœืขืžื™ ืœื ืืชืืคืง ืขื•ื“ ืขืชื” ืืงื•' ื•ืืจื•ืžื ื•ืื ืฉื:
Now I will rise Because of the many evils the enemy perpetrated against My people, I will no longer restrain Myself; now I will rise, be raised and be exalted.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื ยท Verse 11

Hebrew:

ืชึผึทื”ึฒืจึฅื•ึผ ื—ึฒืฉืึทึ–ืฉื ืชึผึตึฃืœึฐื“ื•ึผ ืงึทึ‘ืฉื ืจื•ึผื—ึฒื›ึถึ•ื ืึตึ–ืฉื ืชึผึนืื›ึทืœึฐื›ึถึฝืืƒ

English:

You shall conceive hay,Give birth to straw;MylMy Heb. โ€œyour.โ€ breath will devour you like fire.

Addressing the Assyrians, the prophet declares that their scheming will come to nothing: you shall conceive hay and give birth to straw, and your own breath will consume you like fire. Metzudat David and Radak explain that the plan to capture Jerusalem is called conception and its execution birth, both futile; their very plotting becomes the fire that destroys them, an image of the plague that struck their camp.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื—ืฉืฉ. ืžื™ืŸ ืžื•ืฅ ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉื ื•ื— ืœื™ื“ืœืง: ืจื•ื—ื›ื ืืฉ. ืžื’ื•ืคื›ื ืชืฆื ืจื•ื— ืืฉ ื•ืชืื›ืœ ื”ื—ืฉืฉ ื•ื”ืงืฉ:
chaff (ื—ึฒืฉืึทืฉื) a kind of chaff, something that is easily ignited. your breath is fire From your body shall emanate breath of fire and will consume the chaff and the stubble.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื‘ ยท Verse 12

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึฅื•ึผ ืขึทืžึผึดึ–ื™ื ืžึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึฐืคึฃื•ึนืช ืฉื‚ึดึ‘ื™ื“ ืงื•ึนืฆึดึฅื™ื ื›ึผึฐืกื•ึผื—ึดึ–ื™ื ื‘ึผึธืึตึฅืฉื ื™ึดืฆึผึทึฝืชึผื•ึผืƒย {ืค}

English:

Peoples shall be burnings of lime,mlime Emendation yields โ€œbramblesโ€; cf. 32.13. Thorns cut down that are set on fire.

The peoples of the Assyrian army will be like stones burned into lime and like cut-down thorns set on fire. Metzudat David and Radak explain that just as severed thorns are dry and blaze up quickly, so the enemy camp will be consumed suddenly and completely by the plague.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ืกื•ื—ื™ื. ืงืฆื•ืฆื™ื, ื›ืกื•ื—ื™ื ื›ืžื• (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื”, ื“) ืœื ืชื–ืžืจ ืช"ื ืœื ืชื›ืกื—:
severed (ื›ึผึฐืกื•ึผื—ึดื™ื) Comp. (Lev. 25:4) "You shall not prune." Onkelos renders: ืœึธื ืชึดื›ึฐืกึธื—.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื’ ยท Verse 13

Hebrew:

ืฉืึดืžึฐืขึฅื•ึผ ืจึฐื—ื•ึนืงึดึ–ื™ื ืึฒืฉืึถึฃืจ ืขึธืฉื‚ึดึ‘ื™ืชึดื™ ื•ึผื“ึฐืขึฅื•ึผ ืงึฐืจื•ึนื‘ึดึ–ื™ื ื’ึผึฐื‘ึปืจึธืชึดึฝื™ืƒ

English:

Hear, you who are far, what I have done;You who are near, note My might.โ€

God summons both far and near to take heed of His deeds and His might displayed in the Assyrian camp. Metzudat David and Radak read this literally, the distant peoples hearing and those who were near in the camp knowing His power; Rashi reads it homiletically, the far ones as those who have served God from their youth and the near ones as penitents recently drawn close to Him.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืจื—ื•ืงื™ื. ื”ืžืืžื™ื ื™ื ื‘ื™ ื•ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืจืฆื•ื ื™ ืžื ืขื•ืจื™ื”ื: ืงืจื•ื‘ื™ื. ื‘ืขืœื™ ืชืฉื•ื‘ื” ืฉื ืชืงืจื‘ื• ืืœื™ ืžื—ื“ืฉ:
you far-off ones Those who believe in Me and do My will from their youth. you near ones Repentant sinners who have recently drawn near to Me.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื“ ยท Verse 14

Hebrew:

ืคึผึธื—ึฒื“ึคื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืฆึดื™ึผื•ึนืŸึ™ ื—ึทื˜ึผึธืึดึ”ื™ื ืึธื—ึฒื–ึธึฅื” ืจึฐืขึธื“ึธึ–ื” ื—ึฒื ึตืคึดึ‘ื™ื ืžึดึฃื™โ€‰ื€ ื™ึธื’ึฃื•ึผืจ ืœึธึ—ื ื•ึผ ืึตึšืฉื ืึฝื•ึนื›ึตืœึธึ”ื” ืžึดึฝื™ึพื™ึธื’ึฅื•ึผืจ ืœึธึ–ื ื•ึผ ืžื•ึนืงึฐื“ึตึฅื™ ืขื•ึนืœึธึฝืืƒ

English:

Sinners in Zion are frightened,The godless are seized with trembling:โ€œWho of us can dwell with the devouring fire:Who of us can dwell with the never-dying blaze?โ€

The sinners in Zion are terrified and trembling seizes the hypocrites, who ask, who among us can dwell with the devouring fire, who can dwell with everlasting burnings? Rashi and Radak understand the fire as the awesome presence of God Himself; Radak stresses that it is the faithless who panic, while the righteous trust that God will save them.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืคื—ื“ื• ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื—ื˜ืื™ื. ื”ื™ืืš ื™ืžืฆืื• ืคืชื— ืœืชืฉื•ื‘ื”: ืžื™ ื™ื’ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืืฉ ืื•ื›ืœื”. ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืžื™ ื™ืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืขื“ื ื• ืœืฉื›ืš ื—ื™ืžื” ื‘ื•ืขืจืช, ืœ"ื ืžื™ ื™ื’ื•ืจ ืœื ื• ืคื™' ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ืœื ื• ืฉื™ื’ื•ืจ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืขื ื”ืฆื•ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืืฉ ืื•ื›ืœื” ื•ื”ื•ื ืžืฉื™ื‘ ืื•ื”ื‘ ืฆื“ืงื•ืช ื•ื’ื•':
Sinners in Zion were afraid How they would find an opening to repent. Who will stand up for us against a consuming fire? (lit., Who will live for us a consuming fire?) I.e., who will stand up for us to appease burning wrath? Alternatively, who among us will dwell, i.e., who among us will dwell in Zion with the Rock, Who is a consuming fire? And he replies, "He who walks righteously, etc."

ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ืดื• ยท Verse 15

Hebrew:

ื”ึนืœึตึฃืšึฐ ืฆึฐื“ึธืงึ”ื•ึนืช ื•ึฐื“ึนื‘ึตึ–ืจ ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึตื™ืฉืึธืจึดึ‘ื™ื ืžึนืึตึžืก ื‘ึผึฐื‘ึถึฃืฆึทืข ืžึทืขึฒืฉืึทืงึผึ—ื•ึนืช ื ึนืขึตึคืจ ื›ึผึทืคึผึธื™ื•ึ™ ืžึดืชึผึฐืžึนึฃืšึฐ ื‘ึผึทืฉืึผึนึ”ื—ึทื“ ืึนื˜ึตึคื ืื‡ื–ึฐื ื•ึนึ™ ืžึดืฉืึผึฐืžึนึฃืขึท ื“ึผึธืžึดึ”ื™ื ื•ึฐืขึนืฆึตึฅื ืขึตื™ื ึธึ–ื™ื• ืžึตืจึฐืึฅื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐืจึธึฝืขืƒ

English:

Whoever walks in righteousness,Speaks uprightly,Spurns profit from fraudulent dealings,Waves away a bribe instead of grasping it,Stops their ears against listening to infamy,Shuts their eyes against looking at evilโ€”

The answer to who may dwell with God's fire is the portrait of the righteous person: one who walks in righteousness and speaks uprightly, spurns unjust gain, shakes his hands free of bribes, stops his ears against bloodshed, and shuts his eyes from looking upon evil. Metzudat David presents this as the reply of the holy spirit, and Radak identifies the figure with Hezekiah, whose kingly virtues both sustain his reign and shield the city.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื”ื•ืœืš ืฆื“ืงื•ืช. ืžื™ ื”ื•ื ื™ืžืฆื ื”ื•ืœืš ืฆื“ืงื•ืช: ื ื•ืขืจ ื›ืคื™ื•. ืืฉืงื•"ื˜ ื‘ืœืข"ื–: ืื•ื˜ื. ืกื•ืชื ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉืงื•ืคื™ื ืื˜ื•ืžื™ื (ืžืœื›ื™' ื ื•'): ืขื•ืฆื. ืกื•ื’ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ (ืœืขื™ืœ ื›ื˜) ื•ื™ืขืฆื ืืช ืขื™ื ื™ื›ื:
He who walks righteously Who will be found? One who walks righteously. who shakes his hands (eskot in O.F.). closes his ear (ืึนื˜ึตื) Comp. (I Kings 6:4) "transparent but closed (ืึฒื˜ึปืžึดื™ื)." and closes (ื•ึฐืขึนืฆึตื) Comp. (supra 29:10) "And He has closed (ื•ึทื™ึฐืขึทืฆึผึตื) your eyes."

ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ืดื– ยท Verse 16

Hebrew:

ื”ึšื•ึผื ืžึฐืจื•ึนืžึดึฃื™ื ื™ึดืฉืึฐื›ึผึนึ”ืŸ ืžึฐืฆึธื“ึฅื•ึนืช ืกึฐืœึธืขึดึ–ื™ื ืžึดืฉื‚ึฐื’ึผึทื‘ึผึ‘ื•ึน ืœึทื—ึฐืžึฃื•ึน ื ึดืชึผึธึ”ืŸ ืžึตื™ืžึธึ–ื™ื• ื ึถืึฑืžึธื ึดึฝื™ืืƒ

English:

Such a one shall dwell in lofty security,With inaccessible cliffs for a stronghold,With food suppliedAnd drink assured.

Such a righteous person will dwell on high in security, as if in inaccessible cliffs and strongholds, with his bread supplied and his water assured. Rashi, Metzudat David, and Radak explain that God provides for his needs from heaven so that his source of sustenance never fails, a promise of the abundance in Hezekiah's days.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืœื—ืžื• ื ืชืŸ. ืœื ื™ื”ื ืžื‘ืงืฉ ืœื—ื ื›ื™ ืžืŸ ื”ืฉืžื™ื ื™ืกืคื™ืงื• ืœื• ืžื–ื•ืŸ: ืžื™ืžื™ื• ื ืืžื ื™ื. ืžืงื•ืจ ืžื™ืžื™ื• ืœื ื™ื›ื–ื‘, ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ื–ืจืขื• ื™ื’ื“ืœ ื•ื›ืœ ืฆืจื›ื™ื• ื™ืกื•ืคืงื•:
his bread shall be given He will not seek bread, for it will be supplied to him from heaven. his water sure The source of his water will not fail. I.e., his seed will become great, and all his wants will be supplied.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื– ยท Verse 17

Hebrew:

ืžึถึฅืœึถืšึฐ ื‘ึผึฐื™ื‡ืคึฐื™ึ–ื•ึน ืชึผึถื—ึฑื–ึถึฃื™ื ึธื” ืขึตื™ื ึถึ‘ื™ืšึธ ืชึผึดืจึฐืึถึ–ื™ื ึธื” ืึถึฅืจึถืฅ ืžึทืจึฐื—ึทืงึผึดึฝื™ืืƒ

English:

When your eyes behold a king in his beauty,na king in his beauty Emendation yields โ€œperfection of beautyโ€; cf. Ps. 50.2. When they contemplate the land round about,

Your eyes will behold the king in his beauty and see a land stretching far off. Metzudat David and Radak identify the king as Hezekiah, whom the people will see in his glory rather than being exiled to a distant land, and note that the eyes that once looked to the king of Assyria in fear will now behold their own king in his splendor; Rashi adds a reading that the King in His beauty is the LORD Himself.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืžืœืš ื‘ื™ืคื™ื• ืชื—ื–ื™ื ื” ืขื™ื ื™ืš. ืคื™' ืชื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ืžืืจืฅ ืžืจื—ืงื™ื ืžืœื›ืš ื‘ื”ื“ืจ ื’ืื•ื ื•, ืื• ืคื™' (ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœืš ืื•ืชื• ืชื—ื–ื” ืžืืจืฅ ืžืจื—ืงื™ื ืฉืืชื” ืขื•ืžื“ ืชืจืื” ื”ื ื™ืกื™ื ื•ื”ื’ื“ื•ืœื” ืฉืืขืฉื” ืœืš ื•ืขื ื ื•ืขื– ืขืžืงื™ ืฉืคื” ืœื ื™ืจืื” ืฉื›ื™ื ืช ื”ืžืœืš ื‘ื™ืคื™ื• ืข"ื›, ื›ืœ ื–ื” ื‘ืกืคืจื™ื ืื—ืจื™ื ืื™ื ื•): ืžืœืš ื‘ื™ืคื™ื• ืชื—ื–ื™ื ื” ืขื™ื ื™ืš. ืœืš ื”ืฆื“ื™ืง ืื ื™ ืื•ืžืจ ืฉืชื–ื›ื” ืœืจืื•ืช ื–ื™ื• ืฉื›ื™ื ืชื• ืฉืœ ืžืงื•ื: ืชืจืื™ื ื” ืืจืฅ ืžืจื—ืงื™ื. ืชื™ืจื’ื ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืชืกืชื›ืœ ื•ืชื—ื–ื™ ื‘ื ื—ืชื™ ืืจืข ื’ื™ื”ื ื:
The King in His beauty shall your eyes behold (The Holy One, blessed be He, Who is a King, Him you shall see from a distant land where you are standing. You shall see the miracles and the greatness that I will perform for you, and a people of a strange tongue, of obscure speech, shall not see the Shechinah of the King in His beauty. [This does not appear in many editions.]) The King in His beauty shall your eyes behold. To you, O righteous man, I say that you shall merit to see the splendor of the Shechinah of the Omnipresent. they shall see [from] a distant land Jonathan renders: You shall look and see those who go down to the land of Gehinnom.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื— ยท Verse 18

Hebrew:

ืœึดื‘ึผึฐืšึธึ– ื™ึถื”ึฐื’ึผึถึฃื” ืึตื™ืžึธึ‘ื” ืึทื™ึผึตึคื” ืกึนืคึตืจึ™ ืึทื™ึผึตึฃื” ืฉืึนืงึตึ”ืœ ืึทื™ึผึตึ–ื” ืกึนืคึตึฅืจ ืึถืชึพื”ึทืžึผึดื’ึฐื“ึผึธืœึดึฝื™ืืƒ

English:

Your throatothroat As in 59.13 and elsewhere; lit. โ€œheart.โ€ shall murmur in awe,โ€œWhere is one who could count? Where is one who could weigh?Where is one who could count [all these] towers?โ€

Your heart will look back on the former terror and ask, where is the one who counted, where is the one who weighed, where is the one who counted the towers? Metzudat David and Radak explain that these were the Assyrian officials who imposed and collected tribute according to the number of the city's towers and tall buildings; that dread will be gone. Rashi offers a further reading of the heathen princes now being judged.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืœื‘ืš ื™ื”ื’ื” ืื™ืžื”. ื›ืฉืชืจืื” ื”ืฉืจื™ื ื•ื”ื—ื›ืžื™ื ืฉืœ ืขื›ื•"ื ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉืœื™ื˜ื™ื ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื”ืŸ ื•ื”ืจื™ ื”ื ื ื™ื“ื•ื ื™ื ื‘ื’ื™ื”ื ื ื™ื”ื’ื” ืœื‘ืš ืื™ืžื” ื•ืชืืžืจ ืื™ื” ื—ื›ืžืชืŸ ื•ื’ื“ื•ืœืชืŸ ืฉืœ ืืœื• ืื™ื” ืฉื”ื™ื” ืกื•ืคืจ ื‘ื—ื™ื™ื• ื•ืฉื•ืงืœ ื›ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ ื—ื›ืžื” ืฉื”ื™ื• ืฉื•ืืœื™ืŸ ืžืžื ื• ื›ืœ ืขืฆืช ืžืœื›ื•ืช: ืื™ื” ืกื•ืคืจ ืืช ื”ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื. ืคื™ืจื•ืฉ ืฉื”ื™ื” ืกื•ืคืจ ื”ืžื’ื“ืœื™ื ืืฉืจ ื‘ืขื™ืจ ื•ืขื™ืจ ื›ื™ ืื•ืชื ื”ื‘ืชื™ื ื”ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื™ื ื”ื™ื• ื—ืฉื•ื‘ื™ื ื•ื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื™ื•ืชืจ ื‘ืžืก ื•ื›ืœ ืื•ืชื” ื”ืžื—ืฉื‘ื” ื•ื”ืคื—ื“ ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœืš ืขื•ื“:
Your heart shall meditate [in] fear When you see the princes and the savants of the heathens, who ruled during their lifetime, and who are now being judged in Gehinnom, your heart will meditate in terror, and you will say, "Where is the wisdom and the greatness of these men? Where is the one who, during his lifetime, would count and weigh every word of wisdom, for they would ask him every counsel of the kingdom? Where is he who counts the towers This too is a matter of the kingdom. He is appointed over the houses of the kingdom, how many they are, and how many towers a certain city requires. Comp. (Ps. 48:13) "Encircle Zion and surround it, count its towers," how many towers it requires.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื˜ ยท Verse 19

Hebrew:

ืึถืชึพืขึทึฅื ื ื•ึนืขึธึ–ื– ืœึนึฃื ืชึดืจึฐืึถึ‘ื” ืขึทึฃื ืขึดืžึฐืงึตึคื™ ืฉื‚ึธืคึธื”ึ™ ืžึดืฉืึผึฐืžึ”ื•ึนืขึท ื ึดืœึฐืขึทึฅื’ ืœึธืฉืึ–ื•ึนืŸ ืึตึฅื™ืŸ ื‘ึผึดื™ื ึธึฝื”ืƒ

English:

No more shall you see the barbarian folk,The people of speech too obscure to comprehend,So stammering of tongue that they are not understood.

No longer will you see the fierce, barbarian people whose speech is too obscure and stammering to understand. Rashi, Metzudat David, and Radak identify this people as the Assyrians (or Assyria and Babylon), whose foreign tongue Israel could not follow, recalling how Rabshakeh's envoys spoke; their oppressive presence will be seen no more.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืืช ืขื ื ื•ืขื–. ื›ืžื• ืœื•ืขื– ืืœื• ืืฉื•ืจ ื•ื‘ื‘ืœ ืฉืื™ืŸ ืœืฉื•ื ื ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ: ืœื ืชืจืื”. ืœื ืชื—ืฉื•ื‘ ื‘ืœื‘ืš ื›ื™ ื›ื•ืœื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื—ืฉื›ื™ื ื•ืฉืคืœื™ื: ืขืžืงื• ืฉืคื”. ื›ืžื• ื•ื™ื”ื™ ื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฅ ืฉืคื” ืื—ืช (ื‘ืจืืฉื™ืช ื™ืดื:ืืณ): ื ืœืขื’ ืœืฉื•ืŸ. ืขื’ืœื™ื, ื•ืขืžืงื™ ืฉืคื” (ืœืขื™ืœ ื›ื’) ื›ืœ ื–ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื ื›ืจื™ืช ืฉืื™ื ืŸ ืžื›ื™ืจื™ืŸ ื‘ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื”ืงื•ื“ืฉ:
A people of a strange tongue (ื ื•ึนืขึธื–) like ืœื•ึนืขึตื–. These are all the heathens, whose language is not the holy tongue. ([Other editions read:] These are Assyria and Babylon, whose language is not the holy tongue.) ([Manuscripts read:] These are all the nations whose language is not the holy tongue.) you shall not see You shall not esteem in your heart, for they shall all be dark and humble. speech... obscure (ืฉื‚ึธืคึธื”, lit. lip.) Comp. (Gen. 11:1) "And all the land was one speech (ืฉื‚ึธืคึธื”)." of stammering tongue (ื ึดืœึฐืขึธื’ ืœึธืฉืื•ึนืŸ). Comp. (32:4) "The tongue of the stammerers (ืœึฐืฉืื•ึนืŸ ืขึดืœึผึฐื’ึดื™ื)," (and of obscure speech. All this is a foreign language, for they do not understand the holy tongue.)

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืณ ยท Verse 20

Hebrew:

ื—ึฒื–ึตึฃื” ืฆึดื™ึผึ”ื•ึนืŸ ืงึดืจึฐื™ึทึ–ืช ืžื•ึนืขึฒื“ึตึ‘ื ื•ึผ ืขึตื™ื ึถึฉื™ืšึธึฉ ืชึดืจึฐืึถึจื™ื ึธื” ื™ึฐืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึทึœอึดื ื ึธื•ึถึฃื” ืฉืึทืึฒื ึธึ—ืŸ ืึนึคื”ึถืœ ื‘ึผึทืœึพื™ึดืฆึฐืขึธืŸึ™ ื‘ึผึทืœึพื™ึดืกึผึทึคืข ื™ึฐืชึตื“ึนืชึธื™ื•ึ™ ืœึธื ึถึ”ืฆึทื— ื•ึฐื›ื‡ืœึพื—ึฒื‘ึธืœึธึ–ื™ื• ื‘ึผึทืœึพื™ึดื ึผึธืชึตึฝืงื•ึผืƒ

English:

When you gaze upon Zion, our city of assembly,Your eyes shall behold JerusalemAs a secure homestead,A tent not to be transported,Whose pegs shall never be pulled up,And none of whose ropes shall break.

Look upon Zion, the city of our appointed feasts, and behold Jerusalem as a quiet, secure habitation, a tent that will not be moved, whose pegs are never pulled up and whose cords never break. Metzudat David and Radak explain that Jerusalem will finally be the undisturbed place of pilgrimage and assembly it was meant to be, free from the domination of foreign kings and permanently established.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื—ื–ื” ืฆื™ื•ืŸ. ื•ืืช ืžื™ ืชืจืื” ื‘ืœื‘ืš ืœื”ื—ืฉื‘ ืžืœื•ื›ื” ื•ืฉืจืจื” ืืช ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื ืงืจื™ืช ื‘ื™ืช ื•ื•ืขื“ ืœื ื•: ื‘ืœ ื™ืฆืขืŸ. ื‘ืœ ื™ืกื— ื•ื“ื•ืžื” ืœื• ืื™ืœื•ืŸ ื‘ืฆืขื ื ื™ื (ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™' ื“') ื•ืžืชืจื’' ืžื™ืฉืจ ืื’ื ื™ื ื•ื”ื ื ืงืขื™' ืฉื‘ืฉื“ื•' ืฉืงื•ืจื™ืŸ ืคื•ืฉื™"ืฅ ื‘ืœืข"ื– ื›ืžื• ืื’ื ื™ ื“ืืจืขื ืžืงืจื™ ืฉื”ืžื™ื ื ืืกืคื™' ืฉื ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืจื™' ื•ื”ื’ื‘ืฉื•ืฉื™ื•' ื•ื‘ื™"ืช ืฉืœ ื‘ืฆืขื ื ื™ื ืื•ืžืจ ืื ื™ ืฉืื™ื ื” ื ืฉืจืฉืช ื‘ืชื‘ื” ืืœื ืžืฉืžืฉืช ื”ื™ื: ื‘ืœ ื™ืกืข ื™ืชื“ื•ืชื™ื•. ื”ื™ืชื“ื•ืช ืฉืงื•ืฉืจื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืžื™ืชืจื™ ื”ืื”ืœ ื‘ืœ ื™ืกืข ืื•ืชื ืžืŸ ื”ืืจืฅ ืžืžืงื•ื ืชืงื™ืขืชื ื›ืžื• ื•ื™ืกื™ืขื• ืื‘ื ื™ื ื’ื“ื•ืœื•ืช (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื ื”ืณ:ืœืดื) ื•ื›ืŸ ื•ื™ืกืขื ืขื ื”ื‘ืจื™ื— (ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื˜ืดื–:ื’ืณ) ืœ' ืชืœื™ืฉื”:
See Zion But whom will you see in your heart to be regarded as a kingdom and a ruling power? Zion, which is the city of our meeting place. that shall not fall (ื™ึดืฆึฐืขึธืŸ) shall not be lowered. Comp. (Jud. 4:11) "Elon-bezaanannim (ืึตืœื•ึนืŸ ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืขึฒื ึทื ึผึดื™ื)," which is rendered as: the plain of pits (ืžึดื™ืฉืื•ึนืจ ืึทื’ึฐื ึทื™ึผึธื), which are pits in the fields, called kombes in O.F. Comp. (Baba Kamma 61b) "The pits of the earth (ืึทื’ึฐื ึตื™ ื“ึฐืึทืจึฐืขึธื) they are considered," where water gathers from the mountains and the hills. I believe that the 'beth' of the word ื‘ึผึฐืฆึทืขึฒื ึทื ึผึดื™ื is not radical, but is a prefix. whose pegs shall never be moved (ื™ึดืกึผึทืข) The pegs with which they tie the ropes of the tent he shall not move them from the earth, from the place into which they are thrust. Comp. (I Kings 5:31) "And they quarried (ื•ึทื™ึผึทืกึผึดืขื•ึผ) great stones." Also (Jud. 16:3), "And he plucked them (ื•ึทื™ึผึดืกึผืขึตื) together with the bolt," an expression of uprooting.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื ยท Verse 21

Hebrew:

ื›๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึดึฃื™ ืึดืึพืฉืึธึžื ืึทื“ึผึดึคื™ืจ ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื”ึ™ ืœึธึ”ื ื•ึผ ืžึฐืงื•ึนืึพื ึฐื”ึธืจึดึฅื™ื ื™ึฐืึนืจึดึ–ื™ื ืจึทื—ึฒื‘ึตึฃื™ ื™ึธื“ึธึ‘ื™ึดื ื‘ึผึทืœึพืชึผึตึคืœึถืšึฐ ื‘ึผื•ึนึ™ ืึณื ึดื™ึพืฉืึทึ”ื™ึดื˜ ื•ึฐืฆึดึฅื™ ืึทื“ึผึดึ–ื™ืจ ืœึนึฅื ื™ึทืขึทื‘ึฐืจึถึฝื ึผื•ึผืƒ

English:

For there GOD in divine greatness shall be for usLike a region of rivers, of broad streams,Where no floating vessels can sailAnd no mighty craft can travelโ€”TheirpTheir Heb. โ€œyour.โ€ ropes are slack,They cannot steady the sockets of their masts,They cannot spread a sail.qTheir ropes โ€ฆ spread a sail Moved up from v. 23 for clarity. The passage means that GOD will render Jerusalem as inaccessible to enemies as if it were surrounded by an impassable sea.

There the LORD in His majesty will be for Jerusalem like a place of broad rivers and streams, across which no oared vessel or mighty ship can pass. Metzudat David and Radak explain that God will surround the city with impassable waters, making it as unreachable to the enemy as if the sea itself defended it, so that the Assyrian who was compared to a mighty river cannot cross to conquer her.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ื™ ืื ืฉื. ื›ื™ ืื ืžื•ืกื‘ ืขืœ ื‘ืœ ื™ืกืข ื™ืชื“ื•ืชื™ื• ื•ืขืœ ื‘ืœ ื™ื ืชืงื•, ื”ืจืขื” ืœื ืชื”ื™ื” ื›ื™ ืื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ื”' ื™ื”ื™ื” ืฉื ืื“ื™ืจ ืœื ื• ื•ื”ืขื™ืจ ืชื”ื™ื” ืžืงื•ื ื ื”ืจื™ื ื™ืื•ืจื™ื ื›ืขื ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื' (ื‘ื™ื—ื–ืงืืœ ื“) ื•ื™ืžื“ ืืœืฃ ื•ื™ืขื‘ื™ืจื ื™ ื ื—ืœ ืืฉืจ ืœื ืื•ื›ืœ ืœืขื‘ื•ืจ ื•ื›ืŸ ื ื™ื‘ื ื™ื•ืืœ ื•ืžืขื™ืŸ ืžื‘ื™ืช ื”' ื™ืฆื (ื™ื•ืืœ ื“ ื™ื—) ื•ื”ื•ื ื”ื ื—ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื ืžืชื’ื‘ืจ ื•ื”ื•ืœืš: ืื ื™ ืฉื™ื˜. ืื ื™ื” ื”ืฉื˜ื” ื‘ืžื™ื: ื•ืฆื™ ืื“ื™ืจ. ื•ื‘ื•ืจื ื™ ืจื‘ืชื:
But there 'But' refers back to 'whose pegs shall never be moved,' and 'shall not be torn.' The evil shall not be, only the good. There the Lord shall be mighty for us, and the city shall be a place of rivers and streams, in the manner it is said in Ezekiel (47:4f.): "And He measured a thousand (cubits), and He led me...a stream that I could not cross." And so did Joel prophesy (4:18) "And a spring shall emanate from the house of the Lord," that it shall become progressively stronger. a galley with oars a ship that floats on the water. and a great ship (ื•ึฐืฆึดื™ ืึทื“ึผึดื™ืจ) and a great ship [from Jonathan].

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื‘ ยท Verse 22

Hebrew:

ื›ึผึดึคื™ ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื”ึ™ ืฉืึนืคึฐื˜ึตึ”ื ื•ึผ ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึ–ื” ืžึฐื—ึนืงึฐืงึตึ‘ื ื•ึผ ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึฅื” ืžึทืœึฐื›ึผึตึ–ื ื•ึผ ื”ึฅื•ึผื ื™ื•ึนืฉืึดื™ืขึตึฝื ื•ึผืƒ

English:

For GOD shall be our ruler, GOD shall be our monarch, GOD shall be our sovereignAnd shall deliver us.

The people affirm that the LORD is our judge, our lawgiver, and our king, and He Himself will save us. Metzudat David and Radak explain that God will exact justice from Assyria for all the evil it did, ruling over His people and delivering them from the enemy's hand as befits a king who saves his nation.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ื™ ื”' ืฉื•ืคื˜ื™ื ื•. ืฉืจ ื•ืฉื•ืคื˜ ืฉืœื ื•:
For the Lord is our judge Our prince and judge.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื’ ยท Verse 23

Hebrew:

ื ึดื˜ึผึฐืฉืึ–ื•ึผ ื—ึฒื‘ึธืœึธึ‘ื™ึดืšึฐ ื‘ึผึทืœึพื™ึฐื—ึทื–ึผึฐืงึคื•ึผ ื›ึตืŸึพืชึผื‡ืจึฐื ึธืึ™ ื‘ึผึทืœึพืคึผึธึฃืจึฐืฉื‚ื•ึผ ื ึตึ”ืก ืึธึฃื– ื—ึปืœึผึทึคืง ืขึทื“ึพืฉืึธืœึธืœึ™ ืžึทืจึฐื‘ึผึถึ”ื” ืคึผึดืกึฐื—ึดึ–ื™ื ื‘ึผึธึฅื–ึฐื–ื•ึผ ื‘ึทึฝื–ืƒ

English:

Then shall indeed much spoil be divided,rshall indeed much spoil be divided Meaning of Heb. uncertain; emendation yields โ€œeven a blind man shall divide much spoil.โ€ Even the lame shall seize booty.

Returning to the ship imagery, the enemy's rigging hangs slack, unable to hold the mast firm or spread the sail; then great spoil is divided, and even the lame seize booty. Metzudat David and Radak explain that once the Assyrian ship cannot move, its plunder is shared out, and because the camp fell close to the city even the lame of Jerusalem went out to gather the abundant spoil.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื ื˜ืฉื• ื—ื‘ืœื™ืš. ื”ืžื•ืฉื›ื™ื ืืช ื”ืกืคื™ื ื” ืืช ืจื•ืžื™ ื”ื—ื™ื™ื‘ืช: ื›ืŸ. ื”ื›ืŸ ื”ื™ื˜ื‘: ืชืจื ื. ืชื•ืจืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ื ื”: ื‘ืœ ืคืจืฉื• ื ืก. ืœื ื™ื•ื›ืœื• ืœืคืจื•ืก ื•ื™ืœื•ืŸ ื”ืžื ื”ื™ื’ ืืช ื”ืกืคื™ื ื”: ืื– ื—ื•ืœืง ืขื“ ืฉืœืœ. ืขื“ืื”: ืžืจื‘ื”. ื”ืจื‘ื” ื™ื—ืœืงื• ืฉืœืœ ืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘: ืคืกื—ื™ื. (ื™ืฉืจืืœ) ืฉื”ื™ื• ืขื“ ืขื›ืฉื™ื• ื—ืœืฉื™ื:
Your ropes that draw the ship, you sinful city. ([Mss. yield:] you, sinful Rome.) properly prepared well. a sail Heb. ื ืก, the sail of a ship. they did not spread out a sail They will not be able to spread the sail that guides the boat. then plunder [and] booty were divided (ืขื“) related to ืขึฒื“ึธืึธื”, plunder, in Aramaic. by many Many will divide the plunder of the heathens. ([Mss. yield:] the plunder of Edom.) ([Others:] the nations.) ([Still others:] Sennacherib.) lame Israel, who were weak until now.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื“ ยท Verse 24

Hebrew:

ื•ึผื‘ึทืœึพื™ึนืืžึทึฅืจ ืฉืึธื›ึตึ–ืŸ ื—ึธืœึดึ‘ื™ืชึดื™ ื”ึธืขึธึ›ื ื”ึทื™ึผึนืฉืึตึฅื‘ ื‘ึผึธึ–ื”ึผ ื ึฐืฉื‚ึปึฅื ืขึธื•ึบึฝืŸืƒย {ืก}ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 

English:

And no one who lives there shall say, โ€œI am sickโ€;It shall be inhabited by folk whose sin has been forgiven.

The chapter closes with a promise of total healing: no inhabitant of Jerusalem will say I am sick, for the people who dwell there are forgiven their iniquity. Metzudat David and Radak explain that after so many afflictions the city's dwellers will no longer complain of sickness or sorrow, since God has pardoned their sin in the merit of Hezekiah's repentance; Radak notes that some read the whole passage as a vision of the messianic future.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื‘ืœ ื™ืืžืจ ืฉื›ืŸ. ืฉืœ ื™ืฉืจืืœ: ื—ืœื™ืชื™. ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ื”ืื•ืžื” ื”ื–ืืช ื‘ืืชื ื™ ื”ืจืขื” ื›ื™ ื”ืขื. ื™ืฉืจืืœ ืฉื ืงืจืื• ืขื ื”ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ื™ื”ื™ื” ืกืœื•ื— ืขื•ืŸ:
And the neighbor shall not say (I.e., the neighbor of) Israel. "I am sick" Because of this nation, this misfortune has befallen me, for The people Israel, who is called a people, that dwells in Jerusalem, shall be forgiven of sin.

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