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Nach YomiIsaiah ยท ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื•Chapter 30

Isaiah 30

ื™ืฉืขื™ื”ื• ืคืจืง ืœืณ

Section: ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ยท ื ื‘ื™ืื™ื ืื—ืจื•ื ื™ื | Book: Isaiah | Chapter: 30 of 66 | Day: 177 of 742

Date: August 7, 2026

ืงืœืื•ื“ ืขืœ ื”ื ืดืš

Isaiah 30 is one of the great prophetic indictments of the Judean diplomatic gambit to seek deliverance from Assyria by leaning on Egypt. The chapter opens with a thunderous woe (ื”ื•ึนื™ ื‘ึธึผื ึดื™ื ืกื•ึนืจึฐืจึดื™ื) against the rebellious children who form plans and pour out alliances without consulting God, piling guilt upon guilt (ืกึฐืคื•ึนืช ื—ึทื˜ึธึผืืช ืขึทืœ ื—ึทื˜ึธึผืืช). Radak situates the oracle historically, weighing whether it belongs to the reign of Ahaz or of Hezekiah, and concludes from the surrounding passages about the Assyrian catastrophe that it addresses the generation of Hezekiah and the officials who trusted in Pharaoh rather than in the Holy One of Israel. The tragedy is not merely political miscalculation but theological betrayal: the very people called Godโ€™s children turn to the protection of Egypt, which the prophet declares will become their shame and disgrace (ืœึฐื‘ึนืฉึถืืช โ€ฆ ืœึดื›ึฐืœึดืžึธึผื”).

The opening movement builds to a striking image in the oracle titled the burden of the beasts of the Negev (ืžึทืฉึธึผื‚ื ื‘ึทึผื”ึฒืžื•ึนืช ื ึถื’ึถื‘). Isaiah pictures caravans of donkeys and camels straining under loads of silver and gold, hauling tribute through a wilderness of lion, viper, and flying seraph to buy the aid of a people who cannot profit them. Rashi hears in this the mockery of onlookers watching Judah squander its treasure and imperil itself in the desert for nothing. The prophet then coins the memorable epithet for Egypt: Rahav who sits still (ืจึทื”ึทื‘ ื”ึตื ืฉึธืื‘ึถืช), a boaster all bluster and no help. Because this word must stand as a permanent testimony, God commands the prophet to inscribe it on a tablet and in a book (ืขึทืœ ืœื•ึผื—ึท โ€ฆ ืขึทืœ ืกึตืคึถืจ) so that in a future day it will bear witness that the coming disaster was earned, not arbitrary.

At the heart of the chapter lies the confrontation between prophecy and popular resistance. The people tell the seers not to see and command the prophets to speak smooth things and prophesy illusions (ื“ึทึผื‘ึฐึผืจื•ึผ ืœึธื ื•ึผ ื—ึฒืœึธืงื•ึนืช ื—ึฒื–ื•ึผ ืžึทื”ึฒืชึทืœึผื•ึนืช), demanding that they cause the Holy One of Israel to cease from before them. Metzudat David and Radak alike explain that they crave the flattery of false prophets who promise peace, and reject the straight words (ื ึฐื›ึนื—ื•ึนืช) of Godโ€™s true messengers. The rejection carries a verdict: because they despise this word and trust in oppression and crookedness, their sin will be like a bulging breach in a high wall that collapses suddenly, shattered like a potterโ€™s vessel so ruthlessly that not a shard survives to scoop coals or draw water. Against this stands the chapterโ€™s most luminous line, the salvation they refused: in returning and rest you shall be saved, in quietness and confidence shall be your strength (ื‘ึฐึผืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื” ื•ึธื ึทื—ึทืช ืชึดึผื•ึธึผืฉึตืืขื•ึผืŸ), followed by the devastating indictment, but you refused (ื•ึฐืœึนื ืึฒื‘ึดื™ืชึถื).

Yet the tone pivots dramatically at verse eighteen. Because God is a God of justice, He waits to be gracious, and happy are all who wait for Him. A vision of restoration unfolds: the people of Zion will not need to weep, for God will answer at the sound of their cry; the Teacher will no longer hide Himself, and your eyes shall see your Teacher (ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ื•ึผ ืขึตื™ื ึถื™ืšึธ ืจึนืื•ึนืช ืึถืช ืžื•ึนืจึถื™ืšึธ), with a voice from behind directing them in the way. Purified, the people will cast away their silver-plated idols like something defiled (ื›ึฐึผืžื•ึน ื“ึธื•ึธื”). Rain will come for the seed, the harvest will be rich, and cosmic imagery crowns the promise: the light of the moon will be like the sun and the sun sevenfold, in the day God binds up His peopleโ€™s wound. Rashi and Radak debate whether this refers to the messianic future or to the great deliverance in Hezekiahโ€™s day after the fall of the Assyrian camp.

The chapter closes with a terrifying theophany of judgment against Assyria. Godโ€™s Name comes from afar in blazing wrath, His breath a raging torrent reaching up to the neck, a bit that leads the nations astray to their destruction. For Israel there will be singing as on the night a festival is hallowed (ื›ึฐึผืœึตื™ืœ ื”ึดืชึฐืงึทื“ึถึผืฉื ื—ึธื’) โ€” which the Sages, cited by Rashi and Radak, connect to the night of Passover on which the Assyrian host was struck down. The final image is the Topheth prepared of old (ืขึธืจื•ึผืšึฐ ืžึตืึถืชึฐืžื•ึผืœ ืชึธึผืคึฐืชึถึผื”), the firepit made deep and wide for the king, kindled by the breath of the LORD like a stream of brimstone (ื ึดืฉึฐืืžึทืช ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื” ื›ึฐึผื ึทื—ึทืœ ื’ึธึผืคึฐืจึดื™ืช). Metzudat David reads the whole tableau as a metaphor for the crushing punishment awaiting the enemy. Thus the chapter completes its arc from the false refuge of Egypt to the true refuge of trust in God, and from the shame of misplaced confidence to the joy of divine deliverance.

ืคืจืง ืœืณ ยท Chapter 30

ืคืกื•ืง ืืณ ยท Verse 1

Hebrew:

ื”ึฃื•ึนื™ ื‘ึผึธื ึดึคื™ื ืกึฝื•ึนืจึฐืจึดื™ืึ™ ื ึฐืึปืึพื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึ”ื” ืœึทืขึฒืฉื‚ึคื•ึนืช ืขึตืฆึธื”ึ™ ื•ึฐืœึนึฃื ืžึดื ึผึดึ”ื™ ื•ึฐืœึดื ึฐืกึนึฅืšึฐ ืžึทืกึผึตื›ึธึ–ื” ื•ึฐืœึนึฃื ืจื•ึผื—ึดึ‘ื™ ืœึฐืžึทึ›ืขึทืŸ ืกึฐืคึฅื•ึนืช ื—ึทื˜ึผึธึ–ืืช ืขึทืœึพื—ึทื˜ึผึธึฝืืชืƒ

English:

Oh, disloyal children!โ€”declares GODโ€”Making plansAgainst My wishes,Weaving schemesAgainst My will,Thereby pilingGuilt on guiltโ€”

The chapter opens with a cry of woe against the rebellious children who make plans and forge alliances without consulting God, thereby heaping sin upon sin. Rashi understands the pouring out of a molten alliance as appointing a foreign ruler over them โ€” namely Pharaoh.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืกื•ืจืจื™ื. ืกืจื™ื ืžืŸ ื”ื“ืจืš: ืœื ืกื•ืš ืžืกื›ื”. ืœื”ืžืฉื™ืœ ืขืœื™ื”ื ืžื•ืฉืœ ื•ืœื ืจื•ื—ื™ ื•ื“ืขืชื™ ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื•ืžื”ื• ื”ื ืกื•ืš ื”ื•ื ืคืจืขื”:
rebellious (ืกื•ึนืจึฐืจึดื™ื) who turn away from the way of God. and to appoint a ruler (ื•ึฐืœึดื ึฐืกึนืšึฐ ืžึทืกึผึตื›ึธื”) to appoint a ruler to rule over them, with neither My spirit nor My will in the matter, and what is this appointing? This is Pharaoh.

ืคืกื•ืง ื‘ืณ ยท Verse 2

Hebrew:

ื”ึทื”ึนึฝืœึฐื›ึดื™ืึ™ ืœึธืจึถึฃื“ึถืช ืžึดืฆึฐืจึทึ”ื™ึดื ื•ึผืคึดึ–ื™ ืœึนึฃื ืฉืึธืึธึ‘ืœื•ึผ ืœึธืขื•ึนื–ึ™ ื‘ึผึฐืžึธืขึฃื•ึนื– ืคึผึทืจึฐืขึนึ”ื” ื•ึฐืœึทื—ึฐืกึ–ื•ึนืช ื‘ึผึฐืฆึตึฅืœ ืžึดืฆึฐืจึธึฝื™ึดืืƒ

English:

Who set out to go down to EgyptWithout asking Me,To seek refuge with Pharaoh,To seek shelter under the protection of Egypt.

The prophet describes exactly what they did: they set out down to Egypt to seek refuge in Pharaoh's protection without asking God's counsel. Rashi and Radak note that going to Egypt is a descent, for the Land of Israel stands higher than the surrounding lands.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื”ื”ื•ืœื›ื™ื ืœืจื“ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืขืœ ื”ื•ืฉืข ื‘ืŸ ืืœื” ืืฉืจ ืฉืœื— ืžืœืื›ื™ื ืืœ ืกื•ื ืžืœืš ืžืฆืจื™ื (ืžืœื›ื™ื ื‘ ื™ืดื–:ื“ืณ): ืœืจื“ืช ืžืฆืจื™ื. ืืจืฅ ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื’ื‘ื•ื”ื” ืžื›ืœ ื”ืืจืฆื•' ื“ื‘ืจ ืื—ืจ ื™ืจื™ื“ื” ื”ื™ื ืœื”ื: ื•ืœื—ืกื•ืช. ืœื”ืชื›ืกื•ืช ืื‘ืจื™ืื™"ืจ ื‘ืœืข"ื–:
Those who go to descend to Egypt This alludes to Hoshea, son of Elah, who sent emissaries to So, king of Egypt (II Kings 17:4). to descend to Egypt The land of Israel is higher than all the other lands. Alternatively, this is a degradation for them. and to take shelter (lit.) to cover themselves, abrier in O. F. (This is the equivalent of sabriter in Modern French, to take shelter.)

ืคืกื•ืง ื’ืณ ยท Verse 3

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธึฅื” ืœึธื›ึถึ›ื ืžึธืขึฅื•ึนื– ืคึผึทืจึฐืขึนึ–ื” ืœึฐื‘ึนึ‘ืฉืึถืช ื•ึฐื”ึถื—ึธืกึฅื•ึผืช ื‘ึผึฐืฆึตืœึพืžึดืฆึฐืจึทึ–ื™ึดื ืœึดื›ึฐืœึดืžึผึธึฝื”ืƒ

English:

The refuge with Pharaoh shall result in your shame;The shelter under Egyptโ€™s protection, in your chagrin.

The refuge they sought in Pharaoh will turn into their shame, and the shelter under Egypt's protection into disgrace. As Metzudat David and Radak explain, Egypt will be of no help, so their reliance on it will end in humiliation.

ืคืกื•ืง ื“ืณ ยท Verse 4

Hebrew:

ื›ึผึดึฝื™ึพื”ึธื™ึฅื•ึผ ื‘ึฐืฆึนึ–ืขึทืŸ ืฉื‚ึธืจึธึ‘ื™ื• ื•ึผืžึทืœึฐืึธื›ึธึ–ื™ื• ื—ึธื ึตึฅืก ื™ึทื’ึผึดึฝื™ืขื•ึผืƒ

English:

Though his officers are present in Zoan,aZoan Or โ€œTanis.โ€ And his messengersbmessengers Emendation yields โ€œkingsโ€; cf. 19.2 with note. reach as far as Hanes,

Judah's officials and envoys have already reached the Egyptian cities of Zoan and Hanes on their diplomatic mission. Rashi identifies Hanes with Tahpanhes, and Metzudat David notes these were the fortified Judean cities that trusted in Pharaoh instead of in God and were later captured by Sennacherib.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ื™ ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืฆื•ืขืŸ ืฉืจื™ื•. ืฉืœ ืžืœืš ื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืฉืœื™ื—ื•ืช ืœืžืœืš ืžืฆืจื™ื: ื—ื ืก. ื”ื™ื ืชื—ืคื ื—ืก:
For his princes were in Zoan The princes of the king of Israel in their errand to the king of Egypt. Hanes That is Tahpanhes.

ืคืกื•ืง ื”ืณ ยท Verse 5

Hebrew:

ื›ึผึนึฃืœ ื”ึนื‘ึดึ”ืื™ืฉื ืขึทืœึพืขึทึ–ื ืœึนืึพื™ื•ึนืขึดึฃื™ืœื•ึผ ืœึธึ‘ืžื•ึน ืœึนึคื ืœึฐืขึตึ™ื–ึถืจึ™ ื•ึฐืœึนึฃื ืœึฐื”ื•ึนืขึดึ”ื™ืœ ื›ึผึดึฅื™ ืœึฐื‘ึนึ–ืฉืึถืช ื•ึฐื’ึทืึพืœึฐื—ึถืจึฐืคึผึธึฝื”ืƒย {ืก}ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 

English:

They all shall come to shameBecause of a people that does not avail them,That is of no help or avail,But [brings] only chagrin and disgrace.

Everyone who trusted in Egypt will be brought to shame, for it is a people that offers no help or profit โ€” only chagrin and disgrace. Rashi notes they debased themselves to acquire a master for nothing.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ืœ ื”ื•ื‘ืื™ืฉ. ื›ื•ืœื ื‘ื™ื™ืฉื• ืืช ืขืฆืžืŸ ืœืงื ื•ืช ืœื”ื ืื“ื•ื ื™ื ื—ื ื ื•ืขื ื”ืืจืฅ ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœื• ืœืžื•: ืขืœ ืขื. ื‘ืฉื‘ื™ืœ ืขื ืœื ื™ื•ืขื™ืœื• ืœืžื•: ืœื—ืจืคื”. ื’ื™ื“ื•ืฃ ื“ื™ืฉื˜ืจื‘"ืจ ื‘ืœืข"ื–:
They all disgraced themselves They all disgraced themselves to acquire a master for nothing, and the people of the land will not avail them. because of a people (Lit., on a people.) Because of a people that will not avail them. for disgrace For insult, distraber in O.F., to insult.

ืคืกื•ืง ื•ืณ ยท Verse 6

Hebrew:

ืžึทืฉื‚ึผึธึ–ื ื‘ึผึทื”ึฒืžึฃื•ึนืช ื ึถึ‘ื’ึถื‘ ื‘ึผึฐืึถึฉืจึถืฅึฉ ืฆึธืจึธึจื” ื•ึฐืฆื•ึผืงึธึœื” ืœึธื‘ึดึงื™ื ื•ึธืœึทึฃื™ึดืฉื ืžึตื”ึถึ—ื ืึถืคึฐืขึถื”ึ™ ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึธืจึธึฃืฃ ืžึฐืขื•ึนืคึตึ”ืฃ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืื•ึผึฉ ืขึทืœึพื›ึผึถึจืชึถืฃ ืขึฒื™ึธืจึดึœื™ื ื—ึตื™ืœึตื”ึถึ—ื ื•ึฐืขึทืœึพื“ึผึทื‘ึผึถึคืฉืึถืช ื’ึผึฐืžึทืœึผึดื™ืึ™ ืึฝื•ึนืฆึฐืจึนืชึธึ”ื ืขึทืœึพืขึทึ–ื ืœึนึฅื ื™ื•ึนืขึดึฝื™ืœื•ึผืƒ

English:

The โ€œBeasts of the Negebโ€ Pronouncement.ThroughcThe โ€œBeasts of the Negebโ€ Pronouncement. / Through Meaning of Heb. uncertain; emendation yields โ€œThrough the wasteland of the Negeb / Throughโ€ฆโ€ a land of distress and hardship,Of lion and roaringdroaring Meaning of Heb. uncertain. king-beast,Of viper and flying seraph,eseraph See note at 14.29. They convey their wealth on the backs of donkeys,Their treasures on camelsโ€™ humps,To a people of no avail.

This is the oracle of the burden of the beasts of the Negev: caravans laden with wealth on donkeys and camels' humps, hauled through a wilderness of lion, viper, and flying seraph to a people that cannot profit them. Rashi and Metzudat David depict Judah imperiling itself in the desert to carry bribes to Egypt for nothing.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืžืฉื ื‘ื”ืžื•ืช ื ื’ื‘. ืžื˜ื•ืœื™ืŸ ืขืœ ื‘ืขื™ืจื”ื•ืŸ ื‘ืื•ืจื— ื“ืจื•ืžื ืœืคื™ ืฉืืจืฅ ืžืฆืจื™ื ื‘ื“ืจื•ืžื” ืฉืœ ื"ื™ ื•ื–ื”ื• ื”ื’ื™ื“ื•ืฃ ื•ื”ื—ืจืคื” ืฉืžื—ืจืคื™ืŸ ืื•ืชืŸ (ื•ืจื•ืื™ืŸ) ืืช ืืœื• ืฉื˜ื•ืขื ื™ืŸ ืžืฉืื•ืช ืžืžื•ื ื ืขืœ ื‘ื”ืžืชื ืœื”ื•ืœื™ืš ืฉื•ื—ื“ ืœืžืฆืจื™ื ื—ื ื ื•ืžืกื›ื ื™ืŸ ืขืฆืžืŸ ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจื•ืช ืืจืฅ ืฆืจื” ื•ืฆื•ืงื” ื•ื›ื•': ืืคืขื”. ืžื™ืŸ ื ื—ืฉ ืจืข ื”ื•ื ื•ืื™ืŸ ื‘ืขื•ืœื ื›ื™ ืื ืฉื ื™ื ื–ื›ืจ ื•ื ืงื‘ื” ื•ื”ื ื™ื•ืœื“ื™ื ืœืฉื‘ืขื™ื ืฉื ื” ื•ืืฃ ืฉืจืฃ ืžืขื•ืคืฃ ืžื™ืŸ ื ื—ืฉ ื”ื•ื ื•ืœื ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ืœื• ื›ื ืคื™ื ืœืขื•ืฃ ืืœื ืงื•ืคืฅ ื•ืžื“ืœื’ ืจื—ื•ืง ืžืื“ ื•ื–ื•ืจืง ืœื”ื‘ ืžืคื™ื•: ื—ื™ืœื™ื”ื. ืžืžื•ื ื: ื“ื‘ืฉืช. ื—ื˜ื•ื˜ืจ' ื—ืœื“ืจื•ื‘"ื ื‘ืœืข"ื– ื™ืฉ ืœื• ืœื’ืžืœ ื‘ืžืงื•ื ื˜ืขื™ื ืช ื”ืžืฉื ื•ืข"ืฉ ืฉืžืชืจืงื‘ืช ืชืžื™ื“ ื•ืกื›ื™ืŸ ืฉื ื“ื‘ืฉ ืœืจืคื•ืื” ืงืจื•ื™ื” ื“ื‘ืฉืช ื›ื“ืืžืจื™ื ืŸ ื‘ื‘"ืž ื“ื‘ืฉ ื•ื”ื“ื‘ื™ืฉ ื—ื–ื™ ืœื›ืชื™ืฉื ื“ื’ืžืœื™:
The burden of the beasts of the southland The burdens on their beasts on the way to the southland (Jonathan), for Egypt is in the south of Eretz Israel, and this is the insult and the derision that they would insult them: See these people, whose burdens of money are laden on their beasts to transport bribes to Egypt for nothing, and they imperil themselves in the deserts, in a land of trouble and anguish, etc. viper It is a species of deadly snakes, and there are only two of them in the world, a male and a female, which reproduce after seventy years, (i.e. its gestation period is seventy years) (Bechoroth 8a). The flying serpent, too, is a species of snake, not that it has wings with which to fly, but it jumps and springs long distances and throws a flame from its mouth. their wealth (ื—ึตื™ืœึตื™ื”ึถื) their money. the humps (ื“ึผึทื‘ึผึถืฉืึถืช) hidroba in O.F. A camel has this in the place the burden is laden, and since it always becomes sore, and they smear honey there to heal it, it is called ื“ึผึทื‘ึผึถืฉืึถืช, (from ื“ึผึฐื‘ึทืฉื, honey,) as we say in Baba Mezia 38b: Honey that lost its sweetness is fit for the sores of the camels.

ืคืกื•ืง ื–ืณ ยท Verse 7

Hebrew:

ื•ึผืžึดืฆึฐืจึทึ•ื™ึดื ื”ึถึฅื‘ึถืœ ื•ึธืจึดึ–ื™ืง ื™ึทืขึฐื–ึนึ‘ืจื•ึผ ืœึธื›ึตืŸึ™ ืงึธืจึธึฃืืชึดื™ ืœึธื–ึนึ”ืืช ืจึทึฅื”ึทื‘ ื”ึตึ–ื ืฉืึธึฝื‘ึถืชืƒ

English:

For the help of EgyptShall be vain and empty.Truly, I call this,โ€œThey are a threat that has ceased.โ€fThey are a threat that has ceased Meaning of Heb. uncertain. Emendation yields โ€œDisgrace and chagrinโ€; cf. v. 5.

Egypt's help will prove vain and empty, so God gives it the mocking name Rahav who sits still โ€” a boaster all bluster and no help. Rashi explains they are proud of spirit yet idle, while Radak reads it as Jerusalem's true strength lying in staying put rather than seeking Egyptian aid.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืœื–ืืช. ืœืžืฆืจื™ื: ืจื”ื‘ ื”ื. ื’ืกื™ ื”ืจื•ื—: ืฉื‘ืช. ืขื ื‘ื˜ืœ ื•ืžืชื’ืื™ื ื—ื ื, ื“"ื ืฉื‘ืช ืจื”ื‘ื ื•ื’ืกื•ืชื ืฉืœื”ื ืจืื•ื™ ื”ื•ื ืœืฉื‘ื•ืช:
this to Egypt. They are haughty (ืจึทื”ึทื‘) of proud spirit. idlers (ืฉืึธื‘ึถืช) A people who are idle and are proud for no reason. Alternatively, ืฉืึธื‘ึถืช means that their pride and haughtiness is fit to be curtailed.

ืคืกื•ืง ื—ืณ ยท Verse 8

Hebrew:

ืขึทืชึผึธึ—ื” ื‘ึผึฃื•ึนื ื›ื‡ืชึฐื‘ึธึฅื”ึผ ืขึทืœึพืœึ›ื•ึผื—ึท ืึดืชึผึธึ–ื ื•ึฐืขึทืœึพืกึตึฃืคึถืจ ื—ึปืงึผึธึ‘ื”ึผ ื•ึผืชึฐื”ึดื™ึ™ ืœึฐื™ึฃื•ึนื ืึทื—ึฒืจึ”ื•ึนืŸ ืœึธืขึทึ–ื“ ืขึทื“ึพืขื•ึนืœึธึฝืืƒ

English:

Now,Go, write it down on a tabletAnd inscribe it in a record,That it may be with them for future days,A witnessgwitness Understanding สปad, with Targum, as a variant of สปed. forever.

God commands the prophet to write this oracle on a tablet and inscribe it in a book so it may endure as a witness for future days. As Metzudat David and Radak explain, this is so later generations will know the coming punishment was not arbitrary but earned by their sin.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื—ื•ืงื”. ื—ืงื•ืง ืื•ืชื”, ื”ื ื‘ื•ืื” ื”ื–ืืช:
engrave it (ื—ึปืงึผึธื”ึผ) engrave it, this prophecy.

ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ืณ ยท Verse 9

Hebrew:

ื›ึผึดึฃื™ ืขึทึคื ืžึฐืจึดื™ึ™ ื”ึ”ื•ึผื ื‘ึผึธื ึดึ–ื™ื ื›ึผึถื—ึธืฉืึดึ‘ื™ื ื‘ึผึธื ึดึ•ื™ื ืœึนืึพืึธื‘ึฅื•ึผ ืฉืึฐืžึ–ื•ึนืขึท ืชึผื•ึนืจึทึฅืช ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึฝื”ืƒ

English:

For it is a rebellious people,Faithless children,Children who refused to heedGODโ€™s instruction;

The prophecy must be recorded because they are a rebellious people, faithless children who refuse to heed God's instruction. Metzudat David explains that seeking Egypt's aid without asking God is itself the rebellion, and Radak adds that a child who will not listen to his father is as if he denies him.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืขื ืžืจื™ ื”ื•ื. ื™ืฉืจืืœ:
a rebellious people are they Israel.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืณ ยท Verse 10

Hebrew:

ืึฒืฉืึถึจืจ ืึธืžึฐืจึคื•ึผ ืœึธืจึนืึดื™ืึ™ ืœึนึฃื ืชึดืจึฐืึ”ื•ึผ ื•ึฐืœึทึฃื—ึนื–ึดึ”ื™ื ืœึนึฅื ืชึถื—ึฑื–ื•ึผึพืœึธึ–ื ื•ึผ ื ึฐื›ึนื—ึ‘ื•ึนืช ื“ึผึทื‘ึผึฐืจื•ึผึพืœึธึฃื ื•ึผ ื—ึฒืœึธืงึ”ื•ึนืช ื—ึฒื–ึ–ื•ึผ ืžึทื”ึฒืชึทืœึผึฝื•ึนืชืƒ

English:

Who said to the seers,โ€œDo not see,โ€œTo the prophets, โ€œDo not prophesy truth to us;Speak to us falsehoods,Prophesy delusions.

The people tell the true seers not to see and the prophets to stop speaking truth, demanding instead smooth words and pleasant illusions. Rashi and Radak explain that they crave the flattery of false prophets who promise peace, while the true prophet calls such reassurances delusions.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื—ืœืงื•ืช. ื—ื ืคื™ื•ืช: ื—ื–ื•. ื”ื ื‘ืื•:
smooth talk Flattery. prophesy (ื—ึฒื–ื•ึผ, lit., envision) prophesy.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื ยท Verse 11

Hebrew:

ืกึšื•ึผืจื•ึผ ืžึดื ึผึตื™ึพื“ึถึ”ืจึถืšึฐ ื”ึทื˜ึผึ–ื•ึผ ืžึดื ึผึตื™ึพืึนึ‘ืจึทื— ื”ึทืฉืึฐื‘ึผึดึฅื™ืชื•ึผ ืžึดืคึผึธื ึตึ–ื™ื ื•ึผ ืึถืชึพืงึฐื“ึฅื•ึนืฉื ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตึฝืœืƒย {ืก}ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 

English:

Leave the way!Get off the path!Let us hear no moreAbout the Holy One of Israel!โ€

They tell the prophets to leave the way and get off the path, and to let them hear no more about the Holy One of Israel. As Metzudat David and Radak explain, they want to be free of the daily rebuke that keeps them from following their own desires.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื”ื˜ื•. ืื•ืชื ื•: ืžื ื™ ืื•ืจื—. ื—ืคืฆื™ื ืื ื• ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช ืฉืงืจ:
turn away (Turn) us (away). from the path We want the false prophecy.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื‘ ยท Verse 12

Hebrew:

ืœึธื›ึตึ—ืŸ ื›ึผึนึคื” ืึธืžึทืจึ™ ืงึฐื“ึฃื•ึนืฉื ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตึ”ืœ ื™ึทึฅืขึทืŸ ืžื‡ืื‡ืกึฐื›ึถึ–ื ื‘ึผึทื“ึผึธื‘ึธึฃืจ ื”ึทื–ึผึถึ‘ื” ื•ึทึฝืชึผึดื‘ึฐื˜ึฐื—ื•ึผึ™ ื‘ึผึฐืขึนึฃืฉืึถืง ื•ึฐื ึธืœึ”ื•ึนื– ื•ึทืชึผึดึฝืฉืึผึธืขึฒื ึ–ื•ึผ ืขึธืœึธึฝื™ื•ืƒ

English:

Assuredly,Thus said the Holy One of Israel:Because you have rejected this word,And have put your trust and relianceIn that which is fraudulent and tortuousโ€”

Because they have rejected the true prophetic word and placed their trust in oppression and crookedness, the Holy One of Israel responds with a verdict. Metzudat David and Radak connect the fraud to wealth wrung from extortion and the bribes sent to the crooked king of Egypt.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื‘ื“ื‘ืจ ื”ื–ื”. ื‘ื ื‘ื•ืืช ืืžืช: ื•ื ืœื•ื–. ืžื’ื•ื ื” ื•ืœื™ืฆืŸ:
this matter the true prophecy. and a perverse one a disgraceful one and a mocker.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื’ ยท Verse 13

Hebrew:

ืœึธื›ึตึ—ืŸ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถึคื” ืœึธื›ึถืึ™ ื”ึถืขึธื•ึบึฃืŸ ื”ึทื–ึผึถึ”ื” ื›ึผึฐืคึถึฃืจึถืฅ ื ึนืคึตึ”ืœ ื ึดื‘ึฐืขึถึ–ื” ื‘ึผึฐื—ื•ึนืžึธึฃื” ื ึดืฉื‚ึฐื’ึผึธื‘ึธึ‘ื” ืึฒืฉืึถืจึพืคึผึดืชึฐืึนึฅื ืœึฐืคึถึ–ืชึทืข ื™ึธื‘ึฅื•ึนื ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืจึธึฝื”ึผืƒ

English:

Of a surety,This iniquity shall work on youLike a spreading breach that occurs in a lofty wall,Whose crash comes sudden and swift.

Their iniquity will work on them like a bulging breach in a high wall whose collapse comes suddenly and swift. Rashi, Metzudat David, and Radak describe the swollen, blistered spot in the wall that causes the whole lofty structure to crash down at once.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ืคืจืฅ. ืฉืœ ื—ื•ืžื” ืฉื ืคืœ: ื ื‘ืขื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžื” ื ืฉื’ื‘ื”. ืžื’ื•ืœื” ืœื™ื›ื ืก ื‘ื” ื‘ื—ื•ืžื•ืช ืžืฉื’ื‘ื›ื ื ื‘ืขื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื’ืœื•ื™ ื›ืžื• ื‘ืขื•ื‘ื“ื™ื” (ื ื•) ื ื‘ืขื• ืžืฆืคื•ื ื™ื• ืืชื’ืœื™ื™ืŸ ืžื˜ืžืจื•ื”ื™, ื•ื“ื•ื ืฉ ืคืชืจ ื ื‘ืขื” ื‘ืœื™ื˜ื” ืฉื”ื—ื•ืžื” ื ืขืฉื™ืช ื›ืžื™ืŸ ืื‘ืขื‘ื•ืขื•ืช ืžืคื ื™ ื”ื’ืฉืžื™ื ื•ืงื™ืœืงื•ืœ ื˜ื™ื˜ ืจืขื•ืข:
as a breach of a fallen wall. revealed in a fortified wall Revealed to enter thereby the walls of your fortification. ื ึดื‘ึฐืขึถื” is an expression of revealing, as in Obadiah (1:6): "His hidden things were revealed (ื ึดื‘ึฐืขื•ึผ)." Dunash, however, interprets ื ึดื‘ึฐืขึถื” as a protrusion, since the wall develops blisters (ืึฒื‘ึทืขึฐื‘ึผื•ึผืขื•ึนืช) because of the rains and the deterioration of the weak mortar.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื“ ยท Verse 14

Hebrew:

ื•ึผึ ืฉืึฐื‘ึธืจึธึ ื”ึผ ื›ึผึฐืฉืึตึจื‘ึถืจ ื ึตึงื‘ึถืœ ื™ื•ึนืฆึฐืจึดึ›ื™ื ื›ึผึธืชึ–ื•ึผืช ืœึนึฃื ื™ึทื—ึฐืžึนึ‘ืœ ื•ึฐืœึนึฝืึพื™ึดืžึผึธืฆึตึคื ื‘ึดืžึฐื›ึดืชึผึธืชื•ึนึ™ ื—ึถึ”ืจึถืฉื‚ ืœึทื—ึฐืชึผึฅื•ึนืช ืึตืฉืึ™ ืžึดื™ึผึธืงึ”ื•ึผื“ ื•ึฐืœึทื—ึฐืฉื‚ึนึฅืฃ ืžึทึ–ื™ึดื ืžึดื’ึผึถึฝื‘ึถืืƒย {ืก}ย ย ย ย ย ย ย ย 

English:

It is smashed as one smashes an earthen jug,Ruthlessly shatteredSo that no shard is left in its breakageTo scoop coals from a brazier,Or ladle water from a puddle.

The wall's collapse is compared to smashing a potter's jug so ruthlessly that not a shard survives large enough to scoop coals from a fire or draw water from a puddle. Rashi and Radak stress the totality of the ruin, ground so fine that nothing usable remains.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื ื‘ืœ ื™ื•ืฆืจื™ื. ื ื•ื“ ืฉืœ ื—ืจืก: ื•ืœื ื™ืžืฆื. ื‘ืžื›ืชืช ืฉื‘ืจื™ื• ื—ืจืก ื’ื“ื•ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื ืจืื•ื™ ืœื—ืชื•ืช ื‘ื• ืืฉ ืžื™ืงื•ื“ ื•ืœืฉืื•ื‘ ื‘ื• ืืฉ ืžืŸ ื”ื”ืกืง, ื›ืœ ืฉืื™ื‘ืช ืืฉ ื ื•ืคืœ ื‘ื” ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื—ืชื™ื™ื”: ื•ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ืžื™ื. ืœื“ืœื•ืช ื•ื›ืŸ (ื—ื’ื™ ื‘ืณ:ื˜ืดื–) ืœื—ืฉื•ืฃ ื—ืžืฉื™ื ืคื•ืจื” ื•ื›ืŸ ื—ืฉืคื™ ืฉื•ื‘ืœ (ืœืงืžืŸ ืžื–) ื“ืœื™ ืžื™ื ืžืŸ ืฉื‘ื™ืœืš ืืฉืคื•ื™ื™ืฉ"ื ื˜ ื‘ืœืข"ื–: ืžื’ื‘ื. ื’ื•ื‘ ืžืœื ืžื™ื:
a potter's jug An earthenware jug. shall not be found in the crushing of its fragments a shard large enough to scoop fire from a hearth, to pick up fire from a hearth. All scooping up of fire is referred to with an expression of ื—ึฒืชึดื™ึผึธื”. or to scoop water Or to draw. Comp. (Haggai 2:16): "To draw off (ืœึทื—ึฐืฉื‚ืฃ) fifty measures." Also (below 47:2): "Draw off (ื—ึถืฉื‚ึฐืคึผึดื™) the path." Draw water from your path, Epuyse in O.F. from a cistern (ืžึดื’ึผึถื‘ึถื) A pit full of water.

ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ืดื• ยท Verse 15

Hebrew:

ื›ึผึดึฃื™ ื›ึนึฝื”ึพืึธืžึทืจึฉ ืึฒื“ึนื ึธึจื™ ื™ึฑื”ึนื•ึดึœื” ืงึฐื“ึฃื•ึนืฉื ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตึ—ืœ ื‘ึผึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธึคื” ื•ึธื ึทึ™ื—ึทืชึ™ ืชึผึดื•ึผึธึฃืฉืึตืขึ”ื•ึผืŸ ื‘ึผึฐื”ึทืฉืึฐืงึตื˜ึ™ ื•ึผื‘ึฐื‘ึดื˜ึฐื—ึธึ”ื” ืชึผึดึฝื”ึฐื™ึถึ–ื” ื’ึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืจึทืชึฐื›ึถึ‘ื ื•ึฐืœึนึ–ื ืึฒื‘ึดื™ืชึถึฝืืƒ

English:

For thus said my Sovereign GOD,The Holy One of Israel,โ€œYou shall triumph by stillness and quiet;Your victory shall come aboutThrough calm and confidence.โ€But you refused.

This is the chapter's luminous heart: in returning and rest you shall be saved, in quietness and confidence shall be your strength โ€” but you refused. Rashi, Metzudat David, and Radak explain that had they trusted in God rather than Egypt, they would have been delivered effortlessly, without the toil of war.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ื™ ื›ื” ืืžืจ. ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืœื›ื ื–ื” ื™ืžื™ื ืื™ืŸ ืืชื ืฆืจื™ื›ื™ื ืœื‘ืงืฉ ืœื›ื ืžืขื•ื– ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ืœืื‘ื“ ืžืžื•ื ื›ื ื›ื™ ื‘ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื•ื ื—ืช ืชื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื ืชืฉื•ืขื” ื‘ืœื ืฉื•ื ื˜ื•ืจื— ืื ืชืฉืžืขื• ืœื™: ื‘ืฉื•ื‘ื”. ืœืฉื•ืŸ ื™ืฉื•ื‘ ื•ืžืจื’ื•ืข ื•ื›ืŸ ืฉื•ื‘ื” ื”' ืจื‘ื‘ื•ืช ืืœืคื™ ื™ืฉืจืืœ (ื‘ืžื“ื‘ืจ ื™): ื‘ื”ืฉืงื˜. ื”ื‘ื ืœื›ื ืžืืชื™ ื•ื‘ื‘ื˜ื—ื” ืชื”ื™ื” ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื›ื:
For so said the Holy One, blessed be He, to you long ago, "You need not seek for yourselves the strength of Egypt and waste your money, for with tranquility and restfulness you shall have salvation, without any toil, if you listen to Me." with tranquility (ื‘ึผึฐืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื”) an expression of restfulness and tranquility, Comp. (Num. 10:36): "Rest (ืฉืื•ึผื‘ึธื”), O Lord, with the ten thousands of the thousands of Israel." with quietude that comes to you from Me, and with trust, shall be your might.

ืคืกื•ืง ื˜ืดื– ยท Verse 16

Hebrew:

ื•ึทืชึผึนึจืืžึฐืจึฅื•ึผ ืœึนืึพื›ึดึ›ื™ ืขึทืœึพืกึฅื•ึผืก ื ึธื ึ–ื•ึผืก ืขึทืœึพื›ึผึตึฃืŸ ืชึผึฐื ื•ึผืกึ‘ื•ึผืŸ ื•ึฐืขึทืœึพืงึทึฃืœ ื ึดืจึฐื›ึผึธึ”ื‘ ืขึทืœึพื›ึผึตึ–ืŸ ื™ึดืงึผึทึฅืœึผื•ึผ ืจึนื“ึฐืคึตื™ื›ึถึฝืืƒ

English:

โ€œNo,โ€ you declared.โ€We shall flee on steedsโ€โ€”Therefore you shall flee!โ€We shall ride on swift mountsโ€โ€”Therefore your pursuers shall prove swift!

Rejecting God, the people insist they will flee on swift horses from Egypt โ€” so God decrees that flee they shall, and their pursuers will prove swifter still. Rashi and Radak note the measure-for-measure irony: the very flight they boasted of becomes their undoing.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืขืœ ืกื•ืก ื ื ื•ืก. ื ืชืงืฉืจ ื‘ืžืœื›ื™ ืžืฆืจื™' ื•ื ื‘ื™ื ืžืฉื ืกื•ืกื™ื ืงืœื™ื ืœื ื•ืก:
on horses will we flee (ื ึธื ื•ึผืก) We will ally ourselves with the king of Egypt, and we will bring from there swift steeds in order to flee.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื– ยท Verse 17

Hebrew:

ืึถึฃืœึถืฃ ืึถื—ึธึ—ื“ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตื™ึ™ ื’ึผึทืขึฒืจึทึฃืช ืึถื—ึธึ”ื“ ืžึดืคึผึฐื ึตึ›ื™ ื’ึผึทืขึฒืจึทึฅืช ื—ึฒืžึดืฉืึผึธึ–ื” ืชึผึธื ึปึ‘ืกื•ึผ ืขึทึฃื“ ืึดืึพื ื•ึนืชึทืจึฐืชึผึถึ—ื ื›ึผึทืชึผึนึ™ืจึถืŸึ™ ืขึทืœึพืจึนึฃืืฉื ื”ึธื”ึธึ”ืจ ื•ึฐื›ึทื ึผึตึ–ืก ืขึทืœึพื”ึทื’ึผึดื‘ึฐืขึธึฝื”ืƒ

English:

One thousand before the shout of oneโ€”You shall flee at the shout of five;Till what is left of youIs like a mast on a hilltop,Like a pole upon a mountain.

A thousand will flee at the rebuke of one, and all of them at the rebuke of five, until the survivors are as few and isolated as a lone mast on a hilltop or a flagpole on a mountain. Rashi and Metzudat David describe the remnant left conspicuous and solitary, like a signal-pole seen from afar.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืืœืฃ ืื—ื“. ืžื›ื ืžืคื ื™ ื’ืขืจืช ืื—ื“. ืžืŸ ื”ืื•ื™ื‘ื™ื ืื• ื›ื•ืœื›ื ืžืคื ื™ ื’ืขืจืช ื—ืžืฉื” ืชื ื•ืกื•: ืื ื ื•ืชืจืชื. ื›ืžื• ืืฉืจ ื ื•ืชืจืชื: ื›ืชื•ืจืŸ. ืขืฅ ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืชืงื•ืข ื‘ืืจืฅ ื›ืžื™ืŸ ืชื•ืจืŸ ื”ืกืคื™ื ื” ืฉืงื•ืจื™ืŸ ืžืฉ"ื˜ ื‘ืœืข"ื–: ื•ื›ื ืก. ืืฃ ื”ื•ื ื›ืœื•ื ืก ื’ื‘ื•ื” ืฉื ื•ืชื ื™ื ื‘ืจืืฉ ื”ื’ื‘ืขื” ื•ื›ืฉืจื•ื' ื”ืฆื•ืคื” ื’ื™ื™ืกื•ืช ื‘ืื™ืŸ ื ื•ืชืŸ ืขืœื™ื• ืกื•ื“ืจ ื•ื”ืจื•ื— ืžื•ืœื™ื›ื• ื•ื”ื•ื ืกื™ืžืŸ ืฉื™ื ื•ืกื• ืื• ื™ืชืงื‘ืฆื•:
One thousand [of you], because of the shout of one of the enemies, or all of you because of the shout of five, shall flee. you remain (lit., if you remain,) like 'that you remain.' like a mast (ื›ึผึทืชึผึนืจึถืŸ) a lofty pole, inserted in the ground, like a sort of mast of a ship, that they call 'mast' in O.F. and like a flagpole (ื•ึฐื›ึทื ึผึตืก) That, too, is a lofty pole, which they place on a hilltop, and when the scout sees troops coming, he places a banner on it, and the wind moves it. This is the signal that they flee or assemble.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื— ยท Verse 18

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐืœึธื›ึตึžืŸ ื™ึฐื—ึทื›ึผึถึคื” ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื”ึ™ ืœึทื—ึฒื ึทื ึฐื›ึถึ”ื ื•ึฐืœึธื›ึตึฅืŸ ื™ึธืจึ–ื•ึผื ืœึฐืจึทื—ึถืžึฐื›ึถึ‘ื ื›ึผึดึฝื™ึพืึฑืœึนื”ึตึคื™ ืžึดืฉืึฐืคึผึธื˜ึ™ ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึ”ื” ืึทืฉืึฐืจึตึ–ื™ ื›ึผื‡ืœึพื—ึฅื•ึนื›ึตื™ ืœึฝื•ึนืƒย {ืค}

English:

Truly, GOD is waiting to show you grace,Truly, to arise and pardon you.For GOD is a God of justice;Happy are all who wait, in turn.hin turn Lit. โ€œfor Him.โ€

The tone pivots to mercy: God waits to be gracious and will rise to show compassion, for He is a God of justice, and happy are all who wait for Him. Rashi, Metzudat David, and Radak explain that God first exacts justice from the rebels but reserves His grace for the righteous who hope in Him.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ืœื›ืŸ. ืขืœ ืฉืœื ืื‘ื™ืชื ืœืฉืžื•ืข: ื™ื—ื›ื” ื”' ืœื—ื ื ื›ื. ืื™ื ื• ืžื“ืœื’ ืœื›ื ืขืœ ื”ื’ื–ืจื” ื”ืจืขื” ืฉื ื’ื–ืจื” ืขืœื™ื›ื ื›ื“ื™ ืœืžื”ืจ ื•ืœื”ื‘ื™ื ื”ื˜ื•ื‘ื” ืืœื ื™ื—ื›ื” ื•ื™ืžืชื™ืŸ ืขื“ ื‘ื ืงื™ืฆื”: ื•ืœื›ืŸ ื™ืจื•ื ืœืจื—ืžื›ื. ื™ืชืจื—ืง ืœืจื—ืžื›ื: ื›ื™ ืืœื”ื™ ืžืฉืคื˜ ื”'. ื•ื™ืคืจืข ืชื—ื™ ื•ื•ื” ืžืŸ ื”ืžื•ืจื“ื™ื ื‘ื•: ืืฉืจื™ ื›ืœ ื—ื•ื›ื™ ืœื•. ืœื ื—ืžื•ืช ืืฉืจ ื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื›ื™ ืœื ื™ืคื•ืœ ื“ื‘ืจ:
Therefore Because you would not obey. the Lord shall wait to be gracious to you He (acc. to Parshandatha) does not skip for you over the evil decree, which was decreed upon you, in order to hasten and to bring the good, but He will wait until its end comes. and therefore, He shall withdraw to have mercy upon you (ื™ึธืจื•ึผื) He shall draw Himself far away to have mercy upon you. for the Lord is a God of justice and He first metes out justice upon those who rebel against Him. fortunate are all who wait for him for the consolations that He promised, for nothing shall fail.

ืคืกื•ืง ื™ืดื˜ ยท Verse 19

Hebrew:

ื›ึผึดื™ึพืขึทึ›ื ื‘ึผึฐืฆึดื™ึผึฅื•ึนืŸ ื™ึตืฉืึตึ–ื‘ ื‘ึผึดื™ืจื•ึผืฉืึธืœึธึ‘อึดื ื‘ึผึธื›ึฃื•ึน ืœึนึฝืึพืชึดื‘ึฐื›ึผึถึ—ื” ื—ึธื ึคื•ึนืŸ ื™ื‡ื—ึฐื ึฐืšึธึ™ ืœึฐืงึฃื•ึนืœ ื–ึทืขึฒืงึถ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝืšึธ ื›ึผึฐืฉืื‡ืžึฐืขึธืชึ–ื•ึน ืขึธื ึธึฝืšึฐืƒ

English:

Indeed, O people in Zion, dwellers of Jerusalem, you shall not have cause to weep. Divine favor will be granted at the sound of your cry; upon hearing it, [God] will respond.

The people dwelling in Zion and Jerusalem will no longer have cause to weep, for God will answer at the very sound of their cry. Rashi and Radak connect this to Hezekiah's prayer, when God responded through Isaiah the moment the plea was heard.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ื™. ืขื•ื“ ื™ืžื™ื ื‘ืื™ื ืืฉืจ ื™ืฉืืจ ืœื”ื™ื•ืช ื™ื•ืฉื‘ ื‘ืฆื™ื•ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ืจื•ืฉืœื™ื ืฆื“ื™ืง ื™ื”ื™ื”: ื‘ื›ื• ืœื ืชื‘ื›ื”. ืœื ืชืฆื˜ืจืš ืœื‘ืงืฉ ื‘ืงืฉ' ืžืืช ื”ืงื“ื•ืฉ ื‘ืจื•ืš ื”ื•ื ื‘ื‘ื›ื™ ื›ื™ ืœืงื•ืœ ื–ืขืงืš ืขื ืš:
For days will yet come that he who remains to be dwelling in Zion and in Jerusalem, will be righteous. ([Manuscripts read:] For days will yet come and a righteous nation will dwell in Zion and in Jerusalem.) ([Other manuscripts read:] For the nation that He shall leave to be dwelling in Zion and in Jerusalem, shall be righteous people.) you shall not weep You shall not need to offer supplication to the Holy One, blessed be He, with weeping, for, at the sound of your cry, He shall respond to you.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืณ ยท Verse 20

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทึจืŸ ืœึธื›ึถึงื ืึฒื“ึนื ึธึ›ื™ ืœึถึฅื—ึถื ืฆึธึ–ืจ ื•ึผืžึทึฃื™ึดื ืœึธึ‘ื—ึทืฅ ื•ึฐืœึนืึพื™ึดื›ึผึธื ึตึฅืฃ ืขื•ึนื“ึ™ ืžื•ึนืจึถึ”ื™ืšึธ ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึฅื•ึผ ืขึตื™ื ึถึ–ื™ืšึธ ืจึนืึฅื•ึนืช ืึถืชึพืžื•ึนืจึถึฝื™ืšึธืƒ

English:

My Sovereign will provide for you meager bread and scant water. Then your Guide will no more be ignored,ibe ignored Meaning of Heb. uncertain. but your eyes will watch your Guide;

Though God may provide only meager bread and scant water, your Teacher will no longer hide Himself, and your eyes will see your Teacher. Rashi and Metzudat David explain that God, who teaches for their profit, will no longer conceal His face as behind the corner of a garment.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืœื—ื ืฆืจ ื•ืžื™ื ืœื—ืฅ. ืœื ืชื”ื™ื• ื›ืจื•ื›ื™ื ืื—ืจ ืชืขื ื•ื’ื™ื ื›ืืฉืจ ืืชื ืขืชื” ื›ืžื” ืฉื ืืžืจ ื”ืฉื•ืชื™ื ื‘ืžื–ืจืงื™ ื™ื™ืŸ (ืขืžื•ืก ื•ืณ:ื•ืณ) ื”ื ื” ืฉืฉื•ืŸ ื•ืฉืžื—ื” (ืœืขื™ืœ ื›ื‘): ื•ืœื ื™ื›ื ืฃ. ืœื ื™ืชื›ืกื” ืžืžืš ื‘ื›ื ืฃ ื‘ื’ื“ื™ื• ื›ืœื•ืžืจ ืœื ื™ืกืชื™ืจ ืžืžืš ืคื ื™ื•: ืžื•ืจื™ืš. ื”ืงื‘"ื” ื”ืžืœืžื“ืš ืœื”ื•ืขื™ืœ:
scant bread and water of oppression You shall not run after pleasures as you do now, as it is said (Amos 6:6): "Who drink from basins of wine." (Above 22:13) "And behold joy and happiness." shall no longer be concealed (ืœึนื ื™ึดื›ึผึธื ึตืฃ) shall not be covered from you with the skirt of His garments, i.e., He shall not hide His countenance from you. your Teacher The Holy One, blessed be He, who teaches you for your profit.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื ยท Verse 21

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐืื‡ื–ึฐื ึถึ™ื™ืšึธึ™ ืชึผึดืฉืึฐืžึทึฃืขึฐื ึธื” ื“ึธื‘ึธึ”ืจ ืžึตืึทื—ึฒืจึถึ–ื™ืšึธ ืœึตืืžึนึ‘ืจ ื–ึถึคื” ื”ึทื“ึผึถึ™ืจึถืšึฐึ™ ืœึฐื›ึฃื•ึผ ื‘ึ”ื•ึน ื›ึผึดึฅื™ ืชึทืึฒืžึดึ–ื™ื ื•ึผ ื•ึฐื›ึดึฅื™ ืชึทืฉื‚ึฐืžึฐืึดึฝื™ืœื•ึผืƒ

English:

and, whenever you deviate to the right or to the left, your ears will heed the command from behind you: โ€œThis is the road; follow it!โ€

Whenever they stray to the right or the left, their ears will heed a voice from behind saying, This is the road; follow it. Rashi and Radak contrast this with their present contempt for prophecy: now they will eagerly listen even to a teacher who calls to them from behind.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ืื–ื ื™ืš ืชืฉืžืขื ื” ื•ื’ื•'. ืœื ื›ืžื• ืฉืืชื ืขื•ืฉื™ื ืขืชื” ืฉืืชื ืžื•ืืกื™ื ื‘ื“ื‘ืจื• ื•ืื•ืžืจื™ื ืœื ืชื—ื–ื• ืœื ื• ื ื›ื•ื—ื•ืช ื›ื™ ืื ืื–ื ื™ืš ื™ื”ื™ื• ื ื˜ื•ื™ื•ืช ืืฃ ืื—ืจื™ืš ืœืฉืžื•ืข ื“ื‘ืจ ืžืืชื™ ืื•ืœื™ ื™ื‘ื ื ื‘ื™ื ื•ื™ื•ืจืš ื“ืจืš ืœืœื›ืช ื‘ื™ืŸ ื™ืžื™ืŸ ื•ื‘ื™ืŸ ืฉืžืืœ:
And your ears shall hear from behind you Not as you do now, that you despise My words and say, "You shall not prophesy for us true things" (verse 10), but your ears shall be bent also behind you to hear from Me, perhaps a prophet will come and instruct you the way to go, whether right or left.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื‘ ยท Verse 22

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื˜ึดืžึผึตืืชึถึ—ื ืึถืชึพืฆึดืคึผื•ึผื™ึ™ ืคึผึฐืกึดื™ืœึตึฃื™ ื›ึทืกึฐืคึผึถึ”ืšึธ ื•ึฐืึถืชึพืึฒืคึปื“ึผึทึ–ืช ืžึทืกึผึตื›ึทึฃืช ื–ึฐื”ึธื‘ึถึ‘ืšึธ ืชึผึดื–ึฐืจึตืึ™ ื›ึผึฐืžึฃื•ึน ื“ึธื•ึธึ”ื” ืฆึตึ–ื ืชึผึนึฅืืžึทืจ ืœึฝื•ึนืƒ

English:

And you will treat as impure the silver overlay of your images and the golden plating of your idols. You will castjcast Change of vocalization yields โ€œkeep.โ€ them away like a menstruous woman. โ€œOut!โ€ you will call to them.

Purified, the people will treat their silver-plated and gold-overlaid idols as defiled, casting them away like something impure and telling them, Out. Rashi and Radak note the idols will become as repugnant as a menstruant, and Radak links this to Hezekiah's cleansing of the Temple of the idols Ahaz had made.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืืคื“ืช. ื ื•ื™: ื›ืžื• ื“ื•ื”. ื™ื”ื™ื• ืžืื•ืกื™' ื‘ืขื™ื ื™ืš ื›ื ื“ื”:
the adornment the beauty. like a menstruant They shall be repugnant in your eyes like a menstruant.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื’ ยท Verse 23

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื ึธืชึทืŸึฉ ืžึฐื˜ึทึจืจ ื–ึทืจึฐืขึฒืšึธึœ ืึฒืฉืึถืจึพืชึผึดื–ึฐืจึทึฃืข ืึถืชึพื”ึธืึฒื“ึธืžึธึ—ื” ื•ึฐืœึถึ™ื—ึถืึ™ ืชึผึฐื‘ื•ึผืึทึฃืช ื”ึธืึฒื“ึธืžึธึ”ื” ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธึฅื” ื“ึธืฉืึตึ–ืŸ ื•ึฐืฉืึธืžึตึ‘ืŸ ื™ึดืจึฐืขึถึฅื” ืžึดืงึฐื ึถึ›ื™ืšึธ ื‘ึผึทื™ึผึฅื•ึนื ื”ึทื”ึ–ื•ึผื ื›ึผึทึฅืจ ื ึดืจึฐื—ึธึฝื‘ืƒ

English:

So rain shall be provided for the seed with which you sow the ground, and the bread that the ground brings forth shall be rich and fat. Your livestock, in that day, shall graze in broad pastures;

God will send rain for the seed they sow, and the bread of the land will be rich and fat, with livestock grazing in broad pastures. Metzudat David and Radak explain that no blight, mildew, or locust will strike the crops in that day of abundant blessing.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื ืชืŸ. ื”ืงื‘"ื” ืืช ืžื˜ืจ ื–ืจืขืš: ื•ืฉืžืŸ. ืœ' ื“ื‘ืจ ืฉืžืŸ ื•ืื™ื ื• ืœ' ืฉืžืŸ ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื˜ืขืžื• ืœืžื˜ื” ื•ื ืงื•ื“ ืงืžืฅ: ื›ืจ ื ืจื—ื‘. ืขื“ ืฉื™ื”ื™ื• ื”ื›ืจื™ื ืฉืžื ื™ื ื•ืจื—ื‘ื™ื: ื›ืจ. ื›ื‘ืฉ ืœ"ื ืžื™ืฉื•ืจ ื ืจื—ื‘ ื›ืžื• (ื‘ืจืืฉื™' ื™ื‘) ื›ื›ืจ ื”ื™ืจื“ืŸ ื•ื›ืžื• (ื•ื™ืงืจื ื›ื’) ื›ืจืžืœ ื›ืจ ืฉื”ื•ื ืžืœื ืชื‘ื•ืื”:
And He shall give I.e., the Holy One, blessed be He, shall give the rain for your seed. fat (ื•ึฐืฉืึธืžึตืŸ) an expression of fat. Therefore, its accent is below (on the last syllable) and it is voweled with a kamatz (tzeireh). a fattened lamb until the lambs will become fat and wide. lamb (ื›ึผึทืจ) a lamb. Alternatively, a wide plain. Comp. (Gen. 12:10) "the plain (ื›ึผึดื›ึผึทืจ) of the Jordan," (below 32:15) "Carmel," meaning a wide plain, full of grain.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื“ ยท Verse 24

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึธืึฒืœึธืคึดึฃื™ื ื•ึฐื”ึธืขึฒื™ึธืจึดึ—ื™ื ืขึนึฝื‘ึฐื“ึตื™ึ™ ื”ึธืึฒื“ึธืžึธึ”ื” ื‘ึผึฐืœึดึฅื™ืœ ื—ึธืžึดึ–ื™ืฅ ื™ึนืื›ึตึ‘ืœื•ึผ ืึฒืฉืึถืจึพื–ึนืจึถึฅื” ื‘ึธืจึทึ–ื—ึทืช ื•ึผื‘ึทืžึผึดื–ึฐืจึถึฝื”ืƒ

English:

as for the cattle and the donkeys that till the soil, they shall partake of salted fodder that has been winnowed with shovel and fan.

Even the working oxen and donkeys will eat richly seasoned fodder winnowed with shovel and fan. Metzudat David and Radak explain that the harvest will be so plentiful that clean grain, ordinarily reserved for people, will be fed even to the animals.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื”ืืœืคื™ื. ืฉื•ื•ืจื™': ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื—ืžื™ืฅ. ื›ืžื• (ืื™ื•ื‘ ื–) ืขืœ ื‘ืœื™ืœื•, ืงืฉื™ืŸ ื•ืชื‘ืŸ ืžื—ื•ืžืฆื™ืŸ ื•ืžื—ื•ื–ืงื™ืŸ ื‘ืชื‘ื•ืื” ืฉื‘ืชื•ื›ื ื™ืื›ืœื•: ืืฉืจ ื–ื•ืจื”. ื”ืชื‘ื•ืื” ืคืขืžื™ื™ื ืื—ืช ื‘ืจื—ืช ื•ืื—ืช ื‘ืžื–ืจื” ื›ื“ื™ ืœื ืงื•ืช ื”ืชื‘ื•ืื” ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื™ื”ื™ื” ื”ืชื‘ืŸ ื‘ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืชื‘ื•ื' ืฉื–ื•ืจื” ื‘ืžื–ืจื” ืืฆืœ ื”ืงืฉื™ืŸ: ืจื—ืช. ืคื™ืœ"ื ื‘ืœืข"ื–: ืžื–ืจื”. ื™ื•"ืŸ ื‘ืœืข"ื–, ื•ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื’ื“ื” ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืœ' ื‘ืœื•ืœ ืฉื™ื”ื ื”ืื•ื›ืœ ื‘ืœื•ืœ ื‘ืชื‘ืŸ:
And the oxen. (ืึฒืœึธืคึดื™ื) oxen. enriched provender (ื‘ึผึฐืœึดื™ืœ ื—ึธืžึดื™ืฅ) comp. (Job 6:5) "On his provender (ื‘ึผึฐืœึดื™ืœื•ึน)." Stubble and straw, strengthened and enriched with the grain within them, they shall eat. which was winnowed The grain is winnowed twice, once with a shovel and once with a fan, in order to clean the grain. Therefore, the straw will be mixed with grain that was winnowed with a fan near the stubble. shovel (ืจึทื—ึทืช) paile (pelle) in O.F. (fan, [ืžึดื–ึฐืจึถื”] van in O.F.) And the Midrash Aggadah states that ื‘ึผึฐืœึดื™ืœ is an expression of mixing, that the food will be mixed into the straw. (I.e., the grain will be so plentiful that it will be mixed into the straw eaten by the cattle and donkeys.)

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื” ยท Verse 25

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธึฃื”โ€‰ื€ ืขึทืœึพื›ึผื‡ืœึพื”ึทึฃืจ ื’ึผึธื‘ึนึ—ื”ึผึท ื•ึฐืขึทืœึ™ ื›ึผื‡ืœึพื’ึผึดื‘ึฐืขึธึฃื” ื ึดืฉื‚ึผึธืึธึ”ื” ืคึผึฐืœึธื’ึดึ–ื™ื ื™ึดื‘ึฐืœึตื™ึพืžึธึ‘ื™ึดื ื‘ึผึฐื™ื•ึนืึ™ ื”ึถึฃืจึถื’ ืจึธึ”ื‘ ื‘ึผึดื ึฐืคึนึ–ืœ ืžึดื’ึฐื“ึผึธืœึดึฝื™ืืƒ

English:

And on every high mountain and on every lofty hill, there shall appear brooks and watercoursesโ€”on a day of heavy slaughter, when towers topple.

On every high mountain and lofty hill, brooks and watercourses will flow, in the day of great slaughter when towers topple. Rashi, Metzudat David, and Radak connect the day of slaughter to the fall of the Assyrian camp and the death of its great commanders.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื™ื‘ืœื™ ืžื™ื. ื ื”ืจื™ ืžื™ื ื›ืžื• (ื™ืจืžื™ื”ื• ื™ืดื–:ื—ืณ) ื•ืขืœ ื™ื•ื‘ืœ ื™ืฉืœื— ืฉืจืฉื™ื•: ื‘ื™ื•ื ื”ืจื’ ืจื‘. ืฉื™ื”ื ื˜ื‘ื— ื’ื“ื•ืœ (ื‘ืืจืฅ ืืฉื•ืจ) ื•ื™ื•ื ืชืŸ ืชืจื’ื ื‘ื™ื•ื ืงื˜ื•ืœ ืจื‘ ื‘ืžื™ืคืœ ืจื‘ืจื‘ื™ืŸ:
rivulets of water (ื™ึดื‘ึฐืœึตื™ ืžึธื™ึดื), rivers of water. Comp. (Jer. 17:8) "And upon the river (ื™ื•ึผื‘ึทืœ) he sends forth his roots." on the day of the great slaying when there will be a great slaughter (in the land of Assyria), and Jonathan renders: On the day of the great slaying, when the great ones will fall.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื• ยท Verse 26

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธึคื” ืื•ึนืจึพื”ึทืœึผึฐื‘ึธื ึธื”ึ™ ื›ึผึฐืึฃื•ึนืจ ื”ึทื—ึทืžึผึธึ”ื” ื•ึฐืึคื•ึนืจ ื”ึทึฝื—ึทืžึผึธื”ึ™ ื™ึดึฝื”ึฐื™ึถึฃื” ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธืชึทึ”ื™ึดื ื›ึผึฐืึ–ื•ึนืจ ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึทึฃืช ื”ึทื™ึผึธืžึดึ‘ื™ื ื‘ึผึฐื™ึ—ื•ึนื ื—ึฒื‘ึนึคืฉื ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื”ึ™ ืึถืชึพืฉืึถึฃื‘ึถืจ ืขึทืžึผึ”ื•ึน ื•ึผืžึทึฅื—ึทืฅ ืžึทื›ึผึธืชึ–ื•ึน ื™ึดืจึฐืคึผึธึฝืืƒย {ืค}

English:

And the light of the moon shall become like the light of the sun, and the light of the sun shall become sevenfold, like the light of the seven days, when GOD binds up the wounds of this people and heals the injuries it has suffered.

Cosmic imagery crowns the promise: the light of the moon will be like the sun and the sun sevenfold, in the day God binds up His people's wound and heals their injury. Metzudat David and Radak read the light as a metaphor for the surpassing joy of deliverance, and Radak debates whether it points to Hezekiah's day or the messianic future.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืฉื‘ืขืชื™ื ื›ืื•ืจ ืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื. ืฉื‘ืขืชื™ื ืฉื‘ืข ืฉื‘ืขื™ื•ืช ื›ืื•ืจ ืฉืœ ืฉื‘ืขืช ื”ื™ืžื™ื ื”ืจื™ ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืชืฉืข ืฉื‘ื™ืขื™ื•ืช ื”ืขื•ืœื™ื ืœืฉืœืฉ ืžืื•ืช ื•ืืจื‘ืขื™ื ื•ืฉืœืฉื”:
sevenfold (ืฉืึดื‘ึฐืขึธืชึทื™ึผึดื.) This means seven sevens as the light of the seven days, i.e., forty nine sevens, equaling three hundred forty-three.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื– ยท Verse 27

Hebrew:

ื”ึดื ึผึตึคื” ืฉืึตืึพื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื”ึ™ ื‘ึผึธึฃื ืžึดืžึผึถืจึฐื—ึธึ”ืง ื‘ึผึนืขึตึฃืจ ืึทืคึผึ”ื•ึน ื•ึฐื›ึนึ–ื‘ึถื“ ืžึทืฉื‚ึผึธืึธึ‘ื”ึฟ ืฉื‚ึฐืคึธืชึธื™ื•ึ™ ืžึธึฃืœึฐืื•ึผ ื–ึทึ”ืขึทื ื•ึผืœึฐืฉืื•ึนื ึ–ื•ึน ื›ึผึฐืึตึฅืฉื ืึนื›ึธึฝืœึถืชืƒ

English:

Behold GODโ€™s eminent mightkeminent might Lit. โ€œname.โ€ Cf. Ps. 20.2; 54.3; Rashi, Luzzatto. Comes from afarIn blazing wrath,With a heavy burdenlWith a heavy burden Presumably with a heavy load of punishment. Meaning of Heb. uncertain.โ€”With lips full of fury,With tongue like devouring fire,

A terrifying theophany begins: God's Name comes from afar in blazing wrath, lips full of fury and tongue like devouring fire. Rashi and Radak explain this as God coming to avenge the Name that the Assyrian envoys had blasphemed, appearing from what the enemy imagined was a safe distance.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืฉื ื”'. ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ืฉืชื”ื ืœื• ืœืฉื ืžื” ืฉื™ืขืฉื” ืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘: ื‘ื ืžืžืจื—ืง. ืœื”ืืžื™ืŸ ืžื” ืฉื”ื‘ื˜ื™ื— ื–ื” ื™ืžื™ื ืจื‘ื™ื: ืžืฉืื”. ื”"ื ื™ืชื™ืจื” ื•ืื™ื ื• ืืœื ื›ืžื• ืžืฉื ืœืคื™ื›ืš ื ืงื•ื“ื” ืจืคื™:
the Name of the Lord His might, which will be for Him as a name, viz., what He will do to Sennacherib. comes from long ago (ืžึดืžึผึถืจึฐื—ึธืง, lit. from afar.) To realize what He promised long ago. the burden (ืžึทืฉึผื‚ึธืึธื”) The 'heh' is superfluous, and it is only like ืžึทืฉึผื‚ึธื. Therefore, the 'heh' is silent, not punctuated by a mappiq.

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื— ยท Verse 28

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐืจื•ึผื—ึžื•ึน ื›ึผึฐื ึทึคื—ึทืœ ืฉืื•ึนื˜ึตืฃึ™ ืขึทื“ึพืฆึทื•ึผึธึฃืืจ ื™ึถื—ึฑืฆึถึ”ื” ืœึทื”ึฒื ึธืคึธึฅื” ื’ื•ึนื™ึดึ–ื ื‘ึผึฐื ึธึฃืคึทืช ืฉืึธึ‘ื•ึฐื ื•ึฐืจึถึฃืกึถืŸ ืžึทืชึฐืขึถึ”ื” ืขึทึ–ืœ ืœึฐื—ึธื™ึตึฅื™ ืขึทืžึผึดึฝื™ืืƒ

English:

And breath like a raging torrentReaching halfway up the neckโ€”To set a misguiding yokemyoke Interpreting naphath like Arabic nฤf; meaning of line uncertain. upon nationsAnd a misleading bridle upon the jaws of peoples.

God's breath is like a raging torrent reaching up to the neck, a winnowing that comes to nothing and a bit that leads the nations astray. Metzudat David and Radak explain that the Assyrian host will be all but drowned, sifted through a useless sieve until nothing remains, and driven by a misleading bridle to their destruction.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ื ื—ืœ ืฉื•ื˜ืฃ. ืืฉืจ ื”ืขื•ื‘ืจ ื‘ื• ื™ื—ืฆื” ื‘ื• ืขื“ ืฆื•ืืจื• ืฉืื™ืŸ ื‘ื• ืฉื•ื ื›ื— ืœืขืžื•ื“ ื‘ืคื ื™ ืฉื˜ืฃ ื”ืžื™ื: ืœื”ื ืคื”. ืœื”ื ื™ืฃ ืื•ื•ื ื™"ืจ ื‘ืœืข"ื–: ื‘ื ืคืช ืฉื•ื. ืœื ืœื”ื•ืขื™ืœ ืœื”ื ื•ื”ื ืกื‘ื•ืจื™ื ืœื”ื•ืขื™ืœ: ืจืกืŸ. ืคืจื•ืžื‘ื™"ื ืคืจื™ื "ืง ื‘ืœืข"ื–:
is like a flooding stream which divides the one who crosses it, up to his neck, for he has no strength to stand against the current of the water. to wave (ืœึทื”ึฒื ึธืคึธื”) to wave, vaner in O.F. with a vain waving Not to avail them, but they think it will avail. and a bit (ืจึถืกึถืŸ) a bit, freynk in O.F., (a rein or curb).

ืคืกื•ืง ื›ืดื˜ ยท Verse 29

Hebrew:

ื”ึทืฉืึผึดื™ืจึ™ ื™ึดื”ึฐื™ึถึฃื” ืœึธื›ึถึ”ื ื›ึผึฐืœึตึ–ื™ืœ ื”ึดืชึฐืงึทื“ึผึถืฉืึพื—ึธึ‘ื’ ื•ึฐืฉื‚ึดืžึฐื—ึทึฃืช ืœึตื‘ึธึ—ื‘ ื›ึผึทื”ื•ึนืœึตืšึฐึ™ ื‘ึผึถื—ึธืœึดึ”ื™ืœ ืœึธื‘ึฅ๏ฟฝ๏ฟฝึนื ื‘ึฐื”ึทืจึพื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึ–ื” ืึถืœึพืฆึฅื•ึผืจ ื™ึดืฉื‚ึฐืจึธืึตึฝืœืƒ

English:

For you, there shall be singingAs on a night when a festival is hallowed;There shall be rejoicing as when they marchWith flute, with hand-drums, and with lyresnwith hand-drums, and with lyres Moved up from v. 32 for clarity. To the Rock of Israel on the Mount of GOD.

For Israel there will be singing as on the night a festival is hallowed, and rejoicing as when pilgrims march with flute to the Rock of Israel on the Mount of God. Rashi, Metzudat David, and Radak connect the festival night to Passover, on which the Sages teach the Assyrian host was struck down.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื”ืฉื™ืจ ื™ื”ื™ื” ืœื›ื. ื‘ืœื™ืœ ื”ืคืกื— ืชื‘ื ืœื›ื ืฉืžื—ื” ื–ื•: ื›ืœื™ืœ ื”ืชืงื“ืฉ ื—ื’. ื›ืžื• ืฉืืžืจืช' ืฉื™ืจ ืฉืœ ื”ืคืกื—ื™ื ื‘ืžืฆืจื™ื ื•ื ืจืื” ืžืงืจื ื–ื” ื›ืื™ืœื• ื‘ื ืœืœืžื“ ืขืœ ืกื ื—ืจื‘ ื•ืœื™ืžื“ ืขืœ ืคืจืขื” ืฉืืžืจื• ื”ืœืœ ื‘ืœื™ืœ ืื›ื™ืœืช ืคืกื—ื™ื ืžื“ืจืฉ ืชื”ืœื™ื: ื›ื”ื•ืœืš ื‘ื—ืœื™ืœ. ื•ืชืฉืžื—ื• ื‘ืžืคืœืช ืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘ ื›ืฉืžื—ืช ืžื‘ื™ืื™ ื‘ื™ื›ื•ืจื™ื ืฉื”ื™ื” ื”ื—ืœื™ืœ ืžื›ื” ืœืคื ื™ื”ื ืœื‘ื•ื ื‘ื”ืจ ื”', ื›ืžื• ืฉืฉื ื™ื ื• ื‘ืžืก' ื‘ื›ื•ืจื™ื:
This song shall be to you On the night of Passover shall this joy come to you. as the night of the sanctification of the festival Just as you recited a song over the Paschal sacrifices in Egypt [It appears from this verse as though he wishes to teach us about Sennacherib, but he teaches us about Pharaoh, that they recited Hallel on the night of the eating of the Paschal sacrifices. In Midrash Tehillim (1:20)]. like one who goes with a flute And you shall rejoice with the downfall of Sennacherib like the joy of those who bring the First Fruits, before whom the flute would play, to come upon the mountain of God, as we learned in Tractate Bikkurim (3:4).

ืคืกื•ืง ืœืณ ยท Verse 30

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึดืฉืึฐืžึดึจื™ืขึท ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึœื” ืึถืชึพื”ึฃื•ึนื“ ืงื•ึนืœึ—ื•ึน ื•ึฐื ึทึคื—ึทืช ื–ึฐืจื•ึนืขื•ึนึ™ ื™ึทืจึฐืึถึ”ื” ื‘ึผึฐื–ึทึฃืขึทืฃ ืึทึ”ืฃ ื•ึฐืœึทึ–ื”ึทื‘ ืึตึฃืฉื ืื•ึนื›ึตืœึธึ‘ื” ื ึถึฅืคึถืฅ ื•ึธื–ึถึ–ืจึถื ื•ึฐืึถึฅื‘ึถืŸ ื‘ึผึธืจึธึฝื“ืƒ

English:

For GOD will project a majestic voiceAnd display the sweep of an armIn raging wrath,In a devouring blaze of fire,In tempest, and rainstorm, and hailstones.

God will make His majestic voice heard and bring down His arm in raging wrath, with devouring fire, tempest, rainstorm, and hailstones. Metzudat David and Radak describe the full array of plagues poured out on the Assyrian camp so that no remnant survives.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื ื—ืช ื–ืจื•ืขื•. ืื™ืŸ ื–ื” ืœ' ื ื•ื— ืืœื ืœ' ื ื•ื—ื•ืช ืคื•ืฉืœืžื "ื˜ ื‘ืœืข"ื– ื›ืžื• ื•ื™ื ื— ื‘ื›ืœ ื’ื‘ื•ืœ ืžืฆืจื™ื (ืฉืžื•ืช ื™ื–) ื”ื ื—ืช ื’ื‘ื•ืจืชื• ื™ืจืื” ื‘ืœื”ื‘ ืืฉ ืฉื ืฉืจืคื• ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ ืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘: ื ืคืฅ. ืœ' ืฉื™ื‘ื•ืจ ื™ื•ืชืจ: ื•ื–ืจื. ืงื™ืœื•ื— ืžื˜ืจ ืกื•ื—ืฃ:
and the laying down of His arm This is not an expression of resting but an expression of placing, posement in O.F. Comp. (Exod. 10:14) "And placed it (ื•ึทื™ึผึธื ึทื—) throughout the entire boundary of Egypt." The placing of His might He will show in a flame by which the armies of Sennacherib were burnt. bursting (ื ึถืคึถืฅ) an expression of more intense breaking, (shattering).

ืคืกื•ืง ืœืดื ยท Verse 31

Hebrew:

ื›ึผึดึฝื™ึพืžึดืงึผึฅื•ึนืœ ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธึ–ื” ื™ึตื—ึทึฃืช ืึทืฉืึผึ‘ื•ึผืจ ื‘ึผึทืฉืึผึตึ–ื‘ึถื˜ ื™ึทื›ึผึถึฝื”ืƒ

English:

Truly, Assyria, who beats with the rod,Shall be cowed by GODโ€™s voice;

Assyria, who used to beat others with the rod, will itself be shattered and cowed by God's voice. Rashi cites the Aggadah that God opened their ears to hear the song of the celestial beings and they died, while Radak notes the fitting reversal of the one called the rod of God's anger.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ืžืงื•ืœ ื”' ื™ื—ืช ืืฉื•ืจ. ืื–ื ื™ื ืคืชื— ืœื”ื ื•ืฉืžืขื• ืฉื™ืจื” ืžืคื™ ื—ื™ื•ืช ื•ืžืชื• ื‘ืื’ื“ืช ื—ืœืง: ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ ื™ื›ื”. ืืฉื•ืจ ืืฉืจ ื”ื™ื” ืจื’ื™ืœ ืœื”ื›ื•ืชืš ื‘ืฉื‘ื˜ื•:
from the Lord's voice Assyria shall be broken he opened up their ears, and they heard the song from the mouth of the Chayoth, and they died. In the Aggadah of Chapter Chelek. with a rod he would smite Assyria, who was wont to smite you with his rod.

ืคืกื•ืง ืœืดื‘ ยท Verse 32

Hebrew:

ื•ึฐื”ึธื™ึธึ—ื” ื›ึผึนึšืœ ืžึทึฝืขึฒื‘ึทืจึ™ ืžึทื˜ึผึตึฃื” ืžึฝื•ึผืกึธื“ึธึ”ื”ึฟ ืึฒืฉืึถึจืจ ื™ึธื ึดึคื™ื—ึท ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื”ึ™ ืขึธืœึธึ”ื™ื• ื‘ึผึฐืชึปืคึผึดึ–ื™ื ื•ึผื‘ึฐื›ึดื ึผึนืจึ‘ื•ึนืช ื•ึผื‘ึฐืžึดืœึฐื—ึฒืžึฅื•ึนืช ืชึผึฐื ื•ึผืคึธึ–ื” ื ึดืœึฐื—ึทืึพ[ื‘ึผึธึฝื] (ื‘ื”)ืƒ

English:

oMeaning of verse uncertain. And each time the appointed staff passes by, GOD will bring down [an arm] upon himAnd will do battle with him as he waves it.

Every time the appointed staff of chastisement passes over Assyria, it will be to the sound of drums and lyres, for God does battle with them by waving. Rashi, Metzudat David, and Radak read the clause in inverted order: the deliverance from Assyria will be celebrated with music rather than weapons of war.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื•ื”ื™ื” ื›ืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื˜ื” ืžื•ืกื“ื”. ื›ืœ ืžืขื‘ืจื•ืช ืชื•ืงืฃ ื™ืกื•ื“ื•ืช ืื•ื›ืœื•ืกื™ื• ื›ืœ ื”ืžืงื•ืžื•ืช ืืฉืจ ืขื‘ืจื• ืฉื ื•ื”ืฉื—ื™ืชื•ื ื•ื‘ื™ื•ื ืžืคืœืชื ื™ื ื™ื— ื”' ืขืœื™ื”ื ืขืœ ืฉืžื•ืขืช ืžืคืœืชื ื•ื”ื ื™ื”ื™ื• ื‘ืชืคื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช, ื•ื›ื” ืคืชืจื•ืŸ ื”ืžืงืจื ื‘ืกื™ืจื•ืก ื•ื”ื™ื” ื‘ืชืคื™ื ื•ื‘ื›ื™ื ื•ืจื•ืช ื›ืœ ืžืขื‘ืจ ืžื˜ื” ืžื•ืกื“ื” ืืฉืจ ื™ื ื™ื—ื ื”' ืขืœื™ื• ื•ื‘ืžืœื—ืžื•ืช ืชื ื•ืคืช ืฉื•ื ืžืขืœื” ื•ืžื•ืจื™ื“ ื ืœื—ื ื‘ื ื”ืงื‘"ื”, ื•ืžื“ืจืฉ ืื’ื“ื” ืชื ื•ืคืช ืงืฆื™ืจ ื”ืขื•ืžืจ ืขืžื“ื” ืœื™ืฉืจืืœ ื‘ืื•ืชื” ืžืœื—ืžื” ื›ื™ ืœื™ืœ ืฉืฉื” ืขืฉืจ ื‘ื ื™ืกืŸ ื”ื™ื”:
And it shall be, every place where the established staff shall pass All the crossings of the strength of the foundations of his armies; all the places they passed and destroyed, and on the day of their downfall the Lord shall grant peace upon them through the news of their downfall, and they shall be joyful with drums and harps. And this is the interpretation of the verse in inverted order: And it shall be with drums and harps, every passing of the established staff upon which the Lord shall grant peace, and with wars of vain waving, lifting and lowering, did the Holy One, blessed be He, fight against them. And, according to Midrash Aggadah, the waving of the harvest of the Omer stood up for Israel in that war, for it was the night of the sixteenth of Nissan.

ืคืกื•ืง ืœืดื’ ยท Verse 33

Hebrew:

ื›ึผึดึฝื™ึพืขึธืจึคื•ึผืšึฐ ืžึตึฝืึถืชึฐืžื•ึผืœึ™ ืชึผื‡ืคึฐืชึผึถึ”ื” ื’ึผึทืึพ[ื”ึดึ›ื™ื] (ื”ื•ื) ืœึทืžึผึถึฅืœึถืšึฐ ื”ื•ึผื›ึธึ–ืŸ ื”ึถืขึฐืžึดึฃื™ืง ื”ึดืจึฐื—ึดึ‘ื‘ ืžึฐื“ึปืจึธืชึธึ—ื”ึผ ืึตึคืฉื ื•ึฐืขึตืฆึดื™ืึ™ ื”ึทืจึฐื‘ึผึตึ”ื” ื ึดืฉืึฐืžึทึคืช ื™ึฐื”ึนื•ึธื”ึ™ ื›ึผึฐื ึทึฃื—ึทืœ ื’ึผื‡ืคึฐืจึดึ”ื™ืช ื‘ึผึนืขึฒืจึธึ–ื” ื‘ึผึธึฝื”ึผืƒย {ืค}

English:

The TophethpTopheth A site near Jerusalem at which human beings were sacrificed by fire in periods of paganizing; see 2 Kings 23.10. has long been ready for him;He too is destined for MelechqMelech Cf. Molech, Lev. 18.21; 20.2โ€“5.โ€”His firepit has been made both wide and deep,With plenty of fire and firewood,And with GODโ€™s breath Burning in it like a stream of sulfur.

The chapter closes with the Topheth prepared of old, made deep and wide for the king, kindled by the breath of the LORD like a stream of brimstone. Metzudat David and Radak read the whole scene as a metaphor for the crushing, inescapable punishment awaiting Assyria's king and host.
โ–ถCommentaries (1)
ืจืฉืดื™Rashi
ื›ื™ ืขืจื•ืš ืžืืชืžื•ืœ. ื™ื•ื ืฉื ื™ ืœื‘ืจื™ืืช ืขื•ืœื ื™ื•ื ืฉื™ืฉ ืœื• ืชืžื•ืœ ื•ืื™ืŸ ืœื• ืฉืœืฉื•ื: ืชืคืชื”. ื’ื™ื”ื ื ืฉื›ืœ ื”ืžืชืคืชื” ื‘ื™ืฆืจื• ื ื•ืคืœ ืฉื: ืœืžืœืš ื”ื•ื›ืŸ. ืœืฆื•ืจืš ืกื ื—ืจื™ื‘ ื•ื—ื™ืœื•: ืžื“ื•ืจืชื”. ืœืฉื•ืŸ ืืฉ ื ืกืงืช ืžืขืจื›ืช ืขืฆื™ื ืขืœ ื”ืืฉ ืงืจื•ื™ื” ืžื“ื•ืจื”: ื ืฉืžืช ื”'. ื ืคื™ื—ืช ืจื•ื—ื•: ื‘ื•ืขืจื”. ื‘ื•ืขืจืช:
For...is set up from yesterday The second day of the Creation of the world a day that has a yesterday but not a day before yesterday. Tophteh Gehinnom, for whoever is enticed (ืžึดืชึฐืคึผึทืชึผึถื”) by his temptation falls into there. has been prepared for the king For the necessity of Sennacherib and his army. its pile (ืžึฐื“ึปืจึธืชึธื”ึผ) an expression of a heated fire. An arrangement of wood on the fire is called ืžึฐื“ื•ึผืจึธื”. the breath of the Lord the blowing of His breath. burning (ื‘ึผึนืขึฒืจึธื”) equivalent to ื‘ึผื•ึนืขึถืจึถืช.

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